高拱坝河床基岩深槽处理方案
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摘要
中国某300m级高拱坝在河段覆盖层之下存在一条基岩深槽,这使得该拱坝设计面临2种选择:对深槽进行基础回填混凝土处理;或者采用大开挖方式,将坝底高程设计在基岩深槽底部高程。该文建立了该高拱坝基础回填和基础大开挖2种设计方案的三维有限元模型,并基于变形加固理论,分析了2种方案在正常工况和超载下的位移、应力情况及塑性区扩展规律,并以不平衡力和塑性余能范数为评价标准,评价了2种方案的整体安全性。结果表明:2种方案在超载能力和整体稳定性上均达到要求,基础回填方案在坝体位移、应力及整体安全等方面优于大开挖方案。
The riverbed bedrock of a 300-m-high arch dam has a deep groove so the arch dam design must choose between filling this groove with concrete or excavating to the bottom of the groove.3-D finite element models were developed for the concrete backfilling scheme and the deep excavation scheme.Deformation reinforcement theory(DRT)was then used to analyze the dam displacement,stresses and plastic zone extensions for both normal and overloaded conditions.The global stabilities of both schemes were evaluated based on the unbalanced force and the plastic complementary energy.The results show that both design schemes meet the requirements for the overloading capacity and global stability with the concrete backfilling scheme somewhat better than the deep excavation scheme in terms of the displacement,stresses and global stability of the arch dam.
The riverbed bedrock of a 300-m-high arch dam has a deep groove so the arch dam design must choose between filling this groove with concrete or excavating to the bottom of the groove.3-D finite element models were developed for the concrete backfilling scheme and the deep excavation scheme.Deformation reinforcement theory(DRT)was then used to analyze the dam displacement,stresses and plastic zone extensions for both normal and overloaded conditions.The global stabilities of both schemes were evaluated based on the unbalanced force and the plastic complementary energy.The results show that both design schemes meet the requirements for the overloading capacity and global stability with the concrete backfilling scheme somewhat better than the deep excavation scheme in terms of the displacement,stresses and global stability of the arch dam.
引文
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[2]王仁坤,林鹏,周维垣.复杂地基上高拱坝开裂与稳定研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(10):1951-1958.WANG R K,LIN P,ZHOU W Y.Cracking and stability problems of high arch dams on complicated rock foundations[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(10):1951-1958.(in Chinese)
[3]周建平,杜小凯,张礼兵,等.高拱坝坝踵应力实测与计算的比较研究[J].水力发电学报,2017,36(12):87-94.ZHOU J P,DU X K,ZHANG L B,et al.Determination of high arch dam heel stress:A comparison between monitoring and calculating methods[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2017,36(12):87-94.(in Chinese)
[4]LOMBARDI G.Kolnbrein dam:An unusual solution for anunusual problem[J].Water Power&Dam Construction,1991,44(6):31-34.
[5]叶建群,熊立刚,陈国良,等.龙开口水电站坝基深槽处理设计[J].水力发电,2013,39(2):28-31.YE J Q,XIONG L G,CHEN G L,et al.Design of deep trench treatment in dam foundation of Longkaikou hydropower station[J].Water Power,2013,39(2):28-31.(in Chinese)
[6]历从实,皇甫泽华,彭光华,等.前坪水库溢洪道控制段基础处理研究[J/OL].水力发电学报.(2018-10-18).http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2241.Tv.20181012.1005.002.html.LI C S,HUANGFU Z H,PENG G H,et al.Foundation treatment of the spillway control section of the Qianping reservoir[J/OL].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering.(2018-10-18).http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2241.Tv.20181012.1005.002.html.(in Chinese)
[7]陈昌礼,唐成书.氧化镁混凝土在东风拱坝基础中的应用及长期观测成果分析[J].水力发电学报,2006,25(4):102-107.CHENG C L,TANG C S.The application of MgO concrete in Dongfeng arch dam foundation and the analysis of long-term prototype observation results[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2006,25(4):102-107.(in Chinese)
[8]YANG Q,LIU Y R,CHEN Y R,et al.Deformation reinforcement theory and its application to high arch dams[J].Science in China,Series E:Teleology Science,2003,51(S2):32-47.
[9]杨强,陈新,周维垣.岩土工程加固分析的弹塑性力学基础[J].岩土力学,2005,26(4):553-557.YANG Q,CHEN X,ZHOU W Y.Elastoplastic basis of geotechnical engineering reinforcement analysis[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(4):553-557.(in Chinese)
[10]杨强,刘耀儒,陈英儒,等.变形加固理论及高拱坝整体稳定与加固分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(6):1121-1136.YANG Q,LIU Y R,CHEN Y R,et al.Deformation reinforcement theory and global stability and reinforcement of high arch dams[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(6):1121-1136.(in Chinese)
[11]SIMO J C,KENNEDY J G,GOVINDJEE S.Nonsmooth multisurface plasticity and viscoplasticity.Loading/unloading conditions and numerical algorithms[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering,1988,26(10):2161-2185.
[12]LIU Y,CHANG Q,YANG Q,et al.Fracture analysis of rock mass based on 3-D nonlinear finite element method[J].Science China Technological Sciences,2011,54(3):556-564.
[13]PAN Y W,LIU Y R,CUI Z X,et al.Fracture analysis of brittle materials based on nonlinear FEM and application in arch dam with fractures[J].Journal of Applied Mathematics,2013,2013:658160.
[14]宋子亨,刘耀儒,杨强,等.高拱坝基础不对称性及其加固效果研究[J].岩土力学,2017(2):507-516.SONG Z H,LIU Y R,YANG Q,et al.Research on asymmetry of high arch dam foundation and its improvement effect[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017(2):507-516.(in Chinese)
[15]宋子亨,刘耀儒,杨强,等.白鹤滩拱坝扩大基础加固效果研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015(S2):4403-4411.SONG Z H,LIU Y R,YANG Q,et al.Study of reinforcement effect analysis of Baihetan arch dam extended foundation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015(S2):4403-4411.(in Chinese)
[16]ZHANG L,LIU Y R,YANG Q.Evaluation of reinforcement and analysis of stability of a high-arch dam based on geomechanical model testing[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2015,48(2):803-818.
[17]潘元炜,刘耀儒,张泷,等.白鹤滩拱坝基础垫座方案优化研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014(S1):2641-2648.PAN Y W,LIU Y R,ZHANG L,et al.Optimization research on Baihetan arch dam foundation and pedestal[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014(S1):2641-2648.(in Chinese)