西藏冈底斯带始新世曲水岩基的岩浆混合作用:来自斜长石阴极发光特征和成分变化的证据
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摘要
斜长石作为主要造岩矿物,是研究岩石成因、示踪岩浆演化和岩浆混合过程的有效工具.对冈底斯带曲水岩基始新世花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、闪长岩脉和暗色包体中的斜长石进行了阴极发光图像结构特征、电子探针主量元素和LA-ICP-MS微量元素成分的分析,揭示了斜长石复杂环带的成因和相关的岩浆过程.该区斜长石的阴极发光图像呈现出多种颜色且与其An值相对应,随着An值降低依次为绿色、蓝色和暗灰色或暗红色等,并发育补丁状环带、筛状环带、韵律环带等.花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩中斜长石的An值具有相似的变化范围(20～55),而闪长岩脉和暗色包体中An值的变化范围较大(25～85),表明曲水岩基经历了复杂的开放过程.微量元素结果表明:花岗闪长岩与闪长岩脉和暗色微粒包体具有相同的Sr含量范围(600×10~(-6)～1 100×10~(-6));而二长花岗岩的Sr含量(1 000×10~(-6)～2 400×10~(-6))整体高于前者.以上研究表明,花岗闪长岩中阴极发光呈现绿色的核部或幔部是偏中性岩浆注入寄主岩岩浆混合的结果;具有高Sr含量的二长花岗岩认为是高Sr含量的岩浆结晶形成的;闪长岩脉和暗色微粒包体中的筛状结构斜长石为寄主岩捕掳晶.
As the main rock-forming mineral, plagioclase is an effective tool for studying petrogenesis, magma evolution and magma mixing. The cathodoluminescence image, electron probe micro-analysis and LA-ICP-MS composition analysis were carried out for the plagioclase from the granodiorite, monzogranite, diorite dykes and mafic microgranular enclaves(MMEs) in the Quxu batholith in the Gangdese magmatic belt, which can reveal the formation mechanisms and relative magma evolution process of plagioclase complex zoning. The cathodoluminescence images of the plagioclase from the Quxu batholith shows that their color displays a corresponding relationship with the An value. With the decreasing with the An values, the colors are green, blue and dark gray or dark red in turn. The plagioclases have obvious three types of zoning: patchy zonation, sieve texture and oscillatory zoned.The An values of plagioclase from the Quxu granodiorite and monzonite have similar ranges(20-55), while the An values in diorite dikes and MMEs vary widely(25-85), all indicating that the Quxu batholith has undergone a complex opening process. Insitu trace elements analyses show that the granodiorite has similar Sr content(600×10~(-6)-1 100×10~(-6)) with the diorite dykes and MMEs; the Sr content of monzogranite(1 000×10~(-6)-2 400×10~(-6)) is higher than the granodiorite, diorite dykes and MMEs. The above studies show that: the green luminescence of cores and mantle in granodiorite is the result of the mixing of the intermediate magma and felsic magma; the high Sr content of monzogranite is considered to be derived from a Sr-enriched melt. The above studies show that the complex zonings of the plagioclase are the result of the injection of mafic magma into felsic magma. The core of sieve texture plagioclase in diorite vein and MMEs could be xenocrystals, which are captured from the host rocks.
As the main rock-forming mineral, plagioclase is an effective tool for studying petrogenesis, magma evolution and magma mixing. The cathodoluminescence image, electron probe micro-analysis and LA-ICP-MS composition analysis were carried out for the plagioclase from the granodiorite, monzogranite, diorite dykes and mafic microgranular enclaves(MMEs) in the Quxu batholith in the Gangdese magmatic belt, which can reveal the formation mechanisms and relative magma evolution process of plagioclase complex zoning. The cathodoluminescence images of the plagioclase from the Quxu batholith shows that their color displays a corresponding relationship with the An value. With the decreasing with the An values, the colors are green, blue and dark gray or dark red in turn. The plagioclases have obvious three types of zoning: patchy zonation, sieve texture and oscillatory zoned.The An values of plagioclase from the Quxu granodiorite and monzonite have similar ranges(20-55), while the An values in diorite dikes and MMEs vary widely(25-85), all indicating that the Quxu batholith has undergone a complex opening process. Insitu trace elements analyses show that the granodiorite has similar Sr content(600×10~(-6)-1 100×10~(-6)) with the diorite dykes and MMEs; the Sr content of monzogranite(1 000×10~(-6)-2 400×10~(-6)) is higher than the granodiorite, diorite dykes and MMEs. The above studies show that: the green luminescence of cores and mantle in granodiorite is the result of the mixing of the intermediate magma and felsic magma; the high Sr content of monzogranite is considered to be derived from a Sr-enriched melt. The above studies show that the complex zonings of the plagioclase are the result of the injection of mafic magma into felsic magma. The core of sieve texture plagioclase in diorite vein and MMEs could be xenocrystals, which are captured from the host rocks.
引文
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Castro,A.,2001.Plagioclase Morphologies in Assimilation Experiments.Implications for Disequilibrium Melting in the Generation of Granodiorite Rocks.Mineralogy and Petrology,71(1-2):31-49.https://doi.org/10.1007/s007100170044
Castro,A.,Pati?o Douce,A.E.,Corretgé,L.G.,et al.,1999.Origin of Peraluminous Granites and Granodiorites,Iberian Massif,Spain:An Experimental Test of Granite Petrogenesis.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,135(2-3):255-276.https://doi.org/10.1007/s004100050511
Chen,G.C.,Pei,X.Z.,Li,R.B.,et al.,2017.Components of the Plagioclase of Granitic Batholith in Xiangjiananshan in the Eastern Section of East Kunlun and Their Implications for Magma Evolution and Mixing Effect.Acta Geologica Sinica,91(12):2651-2666(in Chinese with English abstract).
Chen,G.C.,Pei,X.Z.,Li,R.B.,et al.,2018.Magma Mixing in Halagatu Granitic Batholith from Eastern Part of the East Kunlun Orogenic Belt:Constraints from Lithology and Mineralogy.Earth Science,43(9):3200-3217(in Chinese with English abstract).
Chung,S.L.,Chu,M.F.,Ji,J.Q.,et al.,2009.The Nature and Timing of Crustal Thickening in Southern Tibet:Geochemical and Zircon Hf Isotopic Constraints from Postcollisional Adakites.Tectonophysics,477(1-2):36-48.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2009.08.008
Coote,A.C.,Shane,P.,2016.Crystal Origins and Magmatic System beneath Ngauruhoe Volcano(New Zealand)Revealed by Plagioclase Textures and Compositions.Lithos,260:107-119.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2016.05.017
Ginibre,C.,W?rner,G.,2007.Variable Parent Magmas and Recharge Regimes of the Parinacota Magma System(N.Chile)Revealed by Fe,Mg and Sr Zoning in Plagioclase.Lithos,98(1-4):118-140.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2007.03.004
Ginibre,C.,W?rner,G.,Kronz,A.,2002.Minor-and Trace-Element Zoning in Plagioclase:Implications for Magma ChamberProcesses atParinacota Volcano,Northern Chile.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,143(3):300-315.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-002-0351-z
Higgins,M.D.,2017.Quantitative Investigation of Felsic Rock Textures Using Cathodoluminescence Images and Other Techniques.Lithos,277:259-268.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2016.05.006
Huang,Y.,Zhao,Z.D.,Zhang,F.Q.,et al.,2010.Geochemistry and Implication of the Gangdese Batholiths from Renbu and Lhasa Areas in Southern Gangdese,Tibet.Acta Petrologica Sinica,26(10):3131-3142(in Chinese with English abstract).
Humphreys,M.C.S.,Blundy,J.D.,Sparks,R.S.J.,2006.Magma Evolution and Open-System Processes at Shiveluch Volcano:Insights from Phenocryst Zoning.Journal of Petrology,47(12):2303-2334.
Jeffery,A.J.,Gertisser,R.,Troll,V.R.,et al.,2013.The PreEruptive Magma Plumbing System of the 2007-2008Dome-Forming Eruption of Kelut Volcano,East Java,Indonesia.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,166(1):275-308.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-013-0875-4
Ji,W.Q.,Wu,F.Y.,Liu,C.Z.,et al.,2009.Geochronology and Petrogenesis of Granitic Rocks in Gangdese Batholith,Southern Tibet.Science China:Earth Sciences,52(9):1240-1261.
Jiang,W.,Mo,X.X.,Zhao,C.H.,et al.,1999.Geochemistry of Granitoid and Its Mafic Microgranular Enclave in Gangdise Belt,Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.Acta Petrologica Sinica,15(1):89-97(in Chinese with English abstract).
Lai,Y.,1995.Application of Cathodoluminescene to Mineralization and Lithogenesis Studying.Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,31(5):631-638(in Chinese with English abstract).
Landi,P.,Métrich,N.,Bertagnini,A.,et al.,2004.Dynamics of Magma Mixing and Degassing Recorded in Plagioclase at Stromboli(Aeolian Archipelago,Italy).Contributions to Mineralogy Petrology,147(5):629-631.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-004-0555-5
Li,S.R.,Sun,L.,Zhang,H.F.,2006.Magma Mixing Genesis of the Qushui Collisional Granitoids,Tibet,China:Evidences from Genetic Mineralogy.Acta Petrologica Sinica,22(4):884-894(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li,Y.H.,Huang,F.,Yu,H.M.,et al.,2016.Plagioclase Zoning in Submarine Volcano Kick'em Jenny,Lesser Antilles Arc:Insights into Magma Evolution Processes in Oceanic Arc Magma Chamber.Acta Petrologica Sinica,32(2):605-616(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu,Y.S.,Hu,Z.C.,Gao,S.,et al.,2008.In Situ Analysis of Major and Trace Elements of Anhydrous Minerals by LA-ICP-MS without Applying an Internal Standard.Chemical Geology,257(1-2):34-43.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.08.004
Lu,T.Y.,He,Z.Y.,Zhang,Z.M.,et al.,2016.Magma Mixing of the Nyemo Post-Collisional Granite from the Gangdese Magmatic Belt,Tibet:Evidence of Microstructures.Acta Petrologica Sinica,32(12):3613-3623(in Chinese with English abstract).
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