乡村振兴林农参与碳汇项目意愿研究
|
摘要
基于2016年福建省林权改革监测调研数据,利用二元Logistic模型,分析影响福建省欠发达山区林农参与碳汇林生产经营意愿的因素;贫困户与非贫困户对碳汇林项目经营意愿是否有差异及产生差异的原因。结果表明:贫困户与非贫困户对于碳汇林项目的响应程度有一定的区别,对于全体受访对象和非贫困户,是否参加过碳汇林生产培训、家庭林地面积、家庭林业总收入对提高其参与林业碳汇项目的意愿有显著的促进作用,而木材采伐销售收入反向影响其参与林业碳汇项目的意愿;对于贫困户,是否参加过碳汇林生产培训显著影响其参与林业碳汇项目经营的意愿。因此,提高贫困户和非贫困户的碳汇林经营意愿应各有侧重,在政策的制定上应给予贫困户一定的倾斜,调动贫困户的经营积极性,拓宽收入渠道,最终实现精准扶贫。
⑴ Background——The forestry carbon sink project organically combines the forest carbon sink industry with poverty alleviation work.The existing research results generally focus on individual factors of forest farmers,family forestry production factors and forest farmers' awareness of forestry carbon sink projects.Under the background of rural revitalization,precise poverty alleviation is the premise and foundation of rural revitalization.⑵ Methods——Based on the monitoring and research data of forest tenure reform in Fujian Province in 2016,476 forest farmers from 26 townships in 10 counties(cities,districts) of Fujian Province were randomly selected.The Binary Logistic Model was used to analyze the factors affecting the willingness of forest farmers to participate in the production and management of carbon sink forests in undeveloped mountainous areas of Fujian Province.The paper analyzed whether there were differences between poor households and non-poor households in their willingness to operate carbon sink forests projects,as well as the reasons for the differences.⑶ Results——Whether participating in the carbon sink production training has a positive impact on the forest farmers' willingness to participate in the carbon sink forest management at a significant level of 1%,and the marginal effect is 14.136%.Participation in carbon sink production training has a significant positive impact on the willingness of poor forest farmers and non-poor forest farmers,but the degree of impact on poor and non-poor households is somewhat different.The household forestland area has a positive impact on the forest farmers' willingness to participate in carbon sink forest management at a significant level of 5%,which has a significant positive impact on the non-poor forest farmers' willingness to participate in carbon sink forest management and the impact on poor forest farmers is not significant.The total income of household forestry has a significant positive effect on increasing the willingness of surveyed forest farmers to participate in forestry carbon sink management,and the marginal effect is 2.038%.The total income of household forestry has a significant positive effect on increasing the willingness of non-poor households to participate in forestry carbon sink management,but the effect on poor households is not significant.The timber harvesting income has a crowding-out effect on the forestry farmers' willingness to participate in carbon sink forest management.The impact on non-poor households is significant,while it is not significant for the poor households.Other forestry subsidies(excluding carbon sink forest subsidies) decrease the effect on the non-poor households' willingness to participate in carbon sink forest management,the number of household laborers and the annual per capita income of households cannot significantly increase the willingness of forest farmers to participate in carbon sink forest management.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——Improving the willingness of poor households and non-poor households to participate in carbon sink forest management should have their own emphasis.In the formulation of policies,the poor households should be given a certain inclination to mobilize the management enthusiasm of poor households,broaden the income channels,and finally achieve precise poverty alleviation.First of all,it is necessary to increase training efforts to promote the new management model of carbon sink forests.Secondly,we should deepen the forest tenure reform and promote the scale operation of forestry carbon sink projects.Thirdly,relevant policies should be improved to stimulate the participation of forest farmers.Finally,we should play a typical demonstration effect to drive the participation of poor households.
⑴ Background——The forestry carbon sink project organically combines the forest carbon sink industry with poverty alleviation work.The existing research results generally focus on individual factors of forest farmers,family forestry production factors and forest farmers' awareness of forestry carbon sink projects.Under the background of rural revitalization,precise poverty alleviation is the premise and foundation of rural revitalization.⑵ Methods——Based on the monitoring and research data of forest tenure reform in Fujian Province in 2016,476 forest farmers from 26 townships in 10 counties(cities,districts) of Fujian Province were randomly selected.The Binary Logistic Model was used to analyze the factors affecting the willingness of forest farmers to participate in the production and management of carbon sink forests in undeveloped mountainous areas of Fujian Province.The paper analyzed whether there were differences between poor households and non-poor households in their willingness to operate carbon sink forests projects,as well as the reasons for the differences.⑶ Results——Whether participating in the carbon sink production training has a positive impact on the forest farmers' willingness to participate in the carbon sink forest management at a significant level of 1%,and the marginal effect is 14.136%.Participation in carbon sink production training has a significant positive impact on the willingness of poor forest farmers and non-poor forest farmers,but the degree of impact on poor and non-poor households is somewhat different.The household forestland area has a positive impact on the forest farmers' willingness to participate in carbon sink forest management at a significant level of 5%,which has a significant positive impact on the non-poor forest farmers' willingness to participate in carbon sink forest management and the impact on poor forest farmers is not significant.The total income of household forestry has a significant positive effect on increasing the willingness of surveyed forest farmers to participate in forestry carbon sink management,and the marginal effect is 2.038%.The total income of household forestry has a significant positive effect on increasing the willingness of non-poor households to participate in forestry carbon sink management,but the effect on poor households is not significant.The timber harvesting income has a crowding-out effect on the forestry farmers' willingness to participate in carbon sink forest management.The impact on non-poor households is significant,while it is not significant for the poor households.Other forestry subsidies(excluding carbon sink forest subsidies) decrease the effect on the non-poor households' willingness to participate in carbon sink forest management,the number of household laborers and the annual per capita income of households cannot significantly increase the willingness of forest farmers to participate in carbon sink forest management.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——Improving the willingness of poor households and non-poor households to participate in carbon sink forest management should have their own emphasis.In the formulation of policies,the poor households should be given a certain inclination to mobilize the management enthusiasm of poor households,broaden the income channels,and finally achieve precise poverty alleviation.First of all,it is necessary to increase training efforts to promote the new management model of carbon sink forests.Secondly,we should deepen the forest tenure reform and promote the scale operation of forestry carbon sink projects.Thirdly,relevant policies should be improved to stimulate the participation of forest farmers.Finally,we should play a typical demonstration effect to drive the participation of poor households.
引文
[1]王习明,高扬.国家重点生态功能区贫困县乡村振兴之路[J].探索,2018(4):94-100.
[2]贺涛,孙华贵.关于推进乡村振兴中市场化生态补偿机制的思考[J].环境保护,2018,46(17):52-54.
[3] 李毅.精准扶贫研究综述[J].昆明理工大学学报(社会科学版),2016,16(4):68-77.
[4]于开红,付宗平,李鑫.深度贫困地区的“两山困境”与乡村振兴[J].农村经济,2018(9):16-21.
[5]张驰,曾维忠,龚荣发,等.基于灰色关联度模型的林业碳汇项目绩效影响因素分析:以四川省2个CDM项目为例[J].林业经济,2016,38(8):81-85.
[6]伍格致,王怀品,周妮笛,等.湖南省森林碳汇产业发展社会效益分析[J].林业经济,2015,37(11):90-93.
[7]PAGIOLA S.Payments for environmental services in Costa Rica[J].Ecological Economics,2008,65(4):712-724.
[8]蔡晓鸿.森林碳汇价值与农户林业收入增长的分析[J].民营科技,2012(2):120.
[9]JACK B K,KOUSKY C,SIMS K R.Designing payments for ecosystem services:Lessons from previous experience with incentive-based mechanisms[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2008,105(28):9465-9470.
[10]巩海滨.林业碳汇与四川农村经济可持续发展[J].农村经济,2014(11):63-67.
[11]西奥多·T.舒尔茨.改造传统农业[M].7版.梁小民,译.北京:商务印书馆,2013:26-27.
[12]陈建成,关海玲.碳汇市场对林业经济发展的影响研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014,24(S1):445-448.
[13]明辉,漆雁斌,李阳明,等.林农有参与林业碳汇项目的意愿吗:以CDM林业碳汇试点项目为例[J].农业技术经济,2015(7):102-113.
[14]陈瑶,张晓梅.林农参与林业碳汇意愿影响因素分析:基于黑龙江省集体林调研数据[J].林业经济,2018,40(8):98-103.
[15]黄宰胜,陈钦.基于造林成本法的林业碳汇成本收益影响因素分析[J].资源科学,2016,38(3):485-492.
[16]陈卓旋,高岚,周伟.农户参与碳汇林经营意愿的影响因素分析[J].广东农业科学,2018,45(5):151-158.
[17]韩雅清,杜焱强,苏时鹏,等.社会资本对林农参与碳汇经营意愿的影响分析:基于福建省欠发达山区的调查[J].资源科学,2017(7):1371-1382.
[18]韩雅清,苏时鹏,魏远竹.人际与制度信任对林农碳汇项目参与意愿的影响:基于福建344名林户的调查[J].湖南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2017,18(4):64-70.
[19]王超,蒋彬.乡村振兴战略背景下农村精准扶贫创新生态系统研究[J].四川师范大学学报(社会科学版),2018,45(3):5-15.
[20]章力建,吕开宇,朱立志.实施生态扶贫战略提高生态建设和扶贫工作的整体效果[J].中国农业科技导报,2008(1):1-5.
[2]贺涛,孙华贵.关于推进乡村振兴中市场化生态补偿机制的思考[J].环境保护,2018,46(17):52-54.
[3] 李毅.精准扶贫研究综述[J].昆明理工大学学报(社会科学版),2016,16(4):68-77.
[4]于开红,付宗平,李鑫.深度贫困地区的“两山困境”与乡村振兴[J].农村经济,2018(9):16-21.
[5]张驰,曾维忠,龚荣发,等.基于灰色关联度模型的林业碳汇项目绩效影响因素分析:以四川省2个CDM项目为例[J].林业经济,2016,38(8):81-85.
[6]伍格致,王怀品,周妮笛,等.湖南省森林碳汇产业发展社会效益分析[J].林业经济,2015,37(11):90-93.
[7]PAGIOLA S.Payments for environmental services in Costa Rica[J].Ecological Economics,2008,65(4):712-724.
[8]蔡晓鸿.森林碳汇价值与农户林业收入增长的分析[J].民营科技,2012(2):120.
[9]JACK B K,KOUSKY C,SIMS K R.Designing payments for ecosystem services:Lessons from previous experience with incentive-based mechanisms[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2008,105(28):9465-9470.
[10]巩海滨.林业碳汇与四川农村经济可持续发展[J].农村经济,2014(11):63-67.
[11]西奥多·T.舒尔茨.改造传统农业[M].7版.梁小民,译.北京:商务印书馆,2013:26-27.
[12]陈建成,关海玲.碳汇市场对林业经济发展的影响研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014,24(S1):445-448.
[13]明辉,漆雁斌,李阳明,等.林农有参与林业碳汇项目的意愿吗:以CDM林业碳汇试点项目为例[J].农业技术经济,2015(7):102-113.
[14]陈瑶,张晓梅.林农参与林业碳汇意愿影响因素分析:基于黑龙江省集体林调研数据[J].林业经济,2018,40(8):98-103.
[15]黄宰胜,陈钦.基于造林成本法的林业碳汇成本收益影响因素分析[J].资源科学,2016,38(3):485-492.
[16]陈卓旋,高岚,周伟.农户参与碳汇林经营意愿的影响因素分析[J].广东农业科学,2018,45(5):151-158.
[17]韩雅清,杜焱强,苏时鹏,等.社会资本对林农参与碳汇经营意愿的影响分析:基于福建省欠发达山区的调查[J].资源科学,2017(7):1371-1382.
[18]韩雅清,苏时鹏,魏远竹.人际与制度信任对林农碳汇项目参与意愿的影响:基于福建344名林户的调查[J].湖南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2017,18(4):64-70.
[19]王超,蒋彬.乡村振兴战略背景下农村精准扶贫创新生态系统研究[J].四川师范大学学报(社会科学版),2018,45(3):5-15.
[20]章力建,吕开宇,朱立志.实施生态扶贫战略提高生态建设和扶贫工作的整体效果[J].中国农业科技导报,2008(1):1-5.