高水头水电站混流式水轮机导叶端面空化的数值模拟
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摘要
对新疆夏特水电站拟采用的HLA351-LJ-275型水轮机在小流量工况下导叶端面间隙流动特性进行了三维数值模拟,尤其是空化流。结果表明,随着端面间隙增大,间隙处流速增加,单流道内压力分布变均匀。端面间隙由0.5逐渐增大至1.5 mm过程中,空化区域和气泡体积分数增大。端面间隙大于1.5 mm后,随着端面间隙进一步增大,活动导叶上空化区域和气泡体积分数减小,并通过试验给出1.5 mm的导叶端面空蚀情况,研究结果对高水头水电站水轮机导水机构设计和安装具有指导意义。
In this study,three-dimensional numerical simulation is carried out for the flow characteristics of HLA351-LJ-275 turbine in the guide vane end clearance of Xiate Hydropower Station in Xinjiang under the condition of small flow rates,especially the cavitation flow. The results show that the pressure distribution in a single flow channel becomes uniform with the increase in the end clearance and the increase in the velocity at the clearance. In gradually increasing the end face clearance from 0.5 to 1.5 mm,the cavitation area increases and the bubble volume fraction increases. When the end face clearance is more than 1.5 mm,as the end face clearance further increases,the area over the active guide vane decreases,and the bubble volume fraction decreases. The cavitation erosion condition of guide vane end surface of 1.5 mm is given through the test. The research results are of guiding significance for the design and installation of water guide mechanism of turbine in high head hydropower stations.
In this study,three-dimensional numerical simulation is carried out for the flow characteristics of HLA351-LJ-275 turbine in the guide vane end clearance of Xiate Hydropower Station in Xinjiang under the condition of small flow rates,especially the cavitation flow. The results show that the pressure distribution in a single flow channel becomes uniform with the increase in the end clearance and the increase in the velocity at the clearance. In gradually increasing the end face clearance from 0.5 to 1.5 mm,the cavitation area increases and the bubble volume fraction increases. When the end face clearance is more than 1.5 mm,as the end face clearance further increases,the area over the active guide vane decreases,and the bubble volume fraction decreases. The cavitation erosion condition of guide vane end surface of 1.5 mm is given through the test. The research results are of guiding significance for the design and installation of water guide mechanism of turbine in high head hydropower stations.
引文
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[12]石磊,张德胜,陈健,等.基于PANS模型的轴流泵叶顶空化特性[J].排灌机械工程学报,2016,34(7):584-590,625.
[13] SINGHAL A K,ATHAVALE M M,LI Huiying,et al. Mathematical basis and validation of the full cavitation model[J]. Journal of Fluids Engineering,2002,124(3):617-624.
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[15] ZHOU Lingjiu,WANG Zhengwei. Numerical simulation of cavitation around a hydrofoil and evaluation of a RNG k-εmodel[J]. Journal of Fluids Engineering,2008,130(1):011 302. 1-011 302. 7.
[16]徐宇,吴玉林,刘文俊,等.用两相流模型模拟混流式水轮机内空化流动[J].水利学报,2002(8):57-62.
[17]王磊,娄瑜,王照福.混流式模型水轮机空化流动分析与试验研究[J].排灌机械工程学报,2014,32(9):771-775.
[2] KOIRALA R,ZHU Baoshan,NEOPANE H P.Effect of guide vane clearance gap on Francis turbine performance[J]. Energies,2016,9(4):275.
[3] THAPA B S,DAHLHAUG O G,THAPA B. Velocity and pressure measurements in guide vane clearance gap of a low specific speed Francis turbine[C]∥Proceedings of IOP Conference Series:Earth and Environmental Science,2016,49(6):1-10.
[4]韩伟,陈雨,刘宜,等.基于DPM模型的水轮机活动导叶端面磨损分析[J/OL].排灌机械工程学报,1-10[2018-11-29].
[5]张广,魏显著,宋德强.导叶端面间隙泥沙磨损数值预测研究[J].大电机技术,2017(3):64-68.
[6]谭伦慧,李彦瑞.径向式导水机构活动导叶端面间隙流场数值模拟分析[J].能源视界,2015(12):253-254.
[7]江伟,陈帝伊,秦钰祺,等.半高导叶端面间隙对离心泵水力性能影响的数值模拟与验证[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(17):73-81.
[8]沈春和,桂林.低比转速水轮机活动导叶固液两相数值模拟研究[J].贵州电力技术,2015,18(5):26-30,33.
[9]吴喜东,刘胜柱,纪兴英.用CFD分析导叶轴颈过渡圆弧对空化性能的影响[J].大电机技术,2004(3):43-45.
[10] LIU Y,TAN L,HAO Y,Xu Y. Energy performance and flow patterns of a mixed-flow pump with different tip clearance sizes[J].Energies,2017,10(2):191.
[11]张毅鹏,刘梅清,吴远为,等.叶顶间隙对贯流式水轮机空化流场的影响[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2018,46(4):58-66.
[12]石磊,张德胜,陈健,等.基于PANS模型的轴流泵叶顶空化特性[J].排灌机械工程学报,2016,34(7):584-590,625.
[13] SINGHAL A K,ATHAVALE M M,LI Huiying,et al. Mathematical basis and validation of the full cavitation model[J]. Journal of Fluids Engineering,2002,124(3):617-624.
[14] MEJRI I,BAKIR F,REY R,et al.Comparison of computational results obtained from a homogeneous cavitation model with experimental investigations of three inducers[J]. Journal of Fluids Engineering,2006,128(6):1 308-1 323.
[15] ZHOU Lingjiu,WANG Zhengwei. Numerical simulation of cavitation around a hydrofoil and evaluation of a RNG k-εmodel[J]. Journal of Fluids Engineering,2008,130(1):011 302. 1-011 302. 7.
[16]徐宇,吴玉林,刘文俊,等.用两相流模型模拟混流式水轮机内空化流动[J].水利学报,2002(8):57-62.
[17]王磊,娄瑜,王照福.混流式模型水轮机空化流动分析与试验研究[J].排灌机械工程学报,2014,32(9):771-775.