马来西亚金属矿产资源概况
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摘要
马来西亚拥有丰富的矿产资源,其找矿勘查与矿业开发投资历史悠久,矿业环境较为成熟。随着二十一世纪海上丝绸之路倡议的提出,该国的地理位置和基础设施优势不断凸显。本文对马来西亚的优势矿产资源地质特征和成矿规律进行了总结,介绍了马来西亚的成矿环境、典型矿床特征和成矿作用,并对找矿潜力进行了讨论,旨在加强对该国的矿产资源现状的认识,为我国"一带一路"倡议的推广提供参考。
Malaysia is rich in mineral resources. Its prospecting, exploration and mining investment have a long history, and its mining environment is relatively mature. With the proposal of the Maritime Silk Road Initiative in the 21st century, the country's geographical location and infrastructure advantages are constantly highlighted. This paper summarizes the geological characteristics and metallogenic regularities of the dominant mineral resources in Malaysia, introduces the metallogenic environment, typical deposit characteristics and mineralization of Malaysia, and discusses the prospecting potential, aiming at strengthening the understanding of the current situation of mineral resources in the country, and providing reference for the promotion of the "one belt and one road" initiative in China.
Malaysia is rich in mineral resources. Its prospecting, exploration and mining investment have a long history, and its mining environment is relatively mature. With the proposal of the Maritime Silk Road Initiative in the 21st century, the country's geographical location and infrastructure advantages are constantly highlighted. This paper summarizes the geological characteristics and metallogenic regularities of the dominant mineral resources in Malaysia, introduces the metallogenic environment, typical deposit characteristics and mineralization of Malaysia, and discusses the prospecting potential, aiming at strengthening the understanding of the current situation of mineral resources in the country, and providing reference for the promotion of the "one belt and one road" initiative in China.
引文
[1]Metcalfe I.Tectonic framework and Phanerozoic evolution of Sundaland[J].Gondwana Research,2011,19(1):3-21.
[2]Metcalfe I.Gondwana dispersion and Asian accretion:Tectonic and palaeogeographic evolution of eastern Tethys[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2013,66:1-33.
[3]Hutchison C S.Geological Evolution of South East Asia[M].Clarendon Press,Oxford,1989:1-36.
[4]Harbury N A,Jones M E,Audley-Charles M G,Metcalfe I,Mohamed K R.Structural evolution of Mesozoic Peninsular Malaysia[J].Journal of the Geological Society,1990,147(1):11-26.
[5]Metcalfe I.The Bentong-Raub Suture Zone[J].Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences,2000,18(6),691-693.
[6]Atmadja R S,Noeradi D,Priadi B.Cenozoic magmatism in Kalimantan and its related geodynamic evolution[J].Journal of Asian Earth Science,1999,17(1):25-45.
[7]Ghani A A,Lo C H,Chung S L.Basaltic dykes of the Eastern Belt of Peninsular Malaysia:The effects of the difference in crustal thickness of Sibumasu and Indochina[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2013,77:127-139.
[8]Searle M P,Whitehouse M J,Robb L J,Ghani A A,Hutchison C S,Sone M,Ng S W P,Roselee M H,Chung S L,Oliver G J H.Tectonic evolution of the SibumasuIndochina terrane collision zone in Thailand and Malaysia:constraints from new U-Pb zircon chronology of SE Asian tin granitoids[J].Journal of the Geological Society,2012,169(4):489-500.
[9]Chung S K.Annual Report of Geological Survey of Malaysia[M].Geological Survey of Malaysia,1973.
[10]Pour A B,Hashim M.Structural geology mapping using PALSAR data in the Bau gold mining district,Sarawak,Malaysia[J].Advances in Space Research,2014,54(4):644-654.
[11]Ghani A A,Searle M,Robb L,Chung S L.Transitional IS type characteristic in the Main Range Granite,Peninsular Malaysia[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2013,76:225-240.
[12]Beckinsale R D.Granite magmatism in the tin belt of south-east Asia[A].//Origin of granite batholiths.Birkha..user Boston,1979:34-44.
[13]颜佳新.加里曼丹岛和马来半岛中生代岩相古地理特征及其构造意义[J].热带海洋学报,2005,24(2):27-28.
[14]Tougkul F.孙克虬(译).马来西亚北沙巴的地质:与南中国海盆地打开的关系[J].海洋地质译丛,1995,(3):28-37.
[15]赵财胜,孙丰月,李碧乐,丁清峰,吴尚昆.马来西亚沙捞越邦达、什兰江控矿角砾岩筒构造对比研究及其找矿意义[J].世界地质,2003,22(04):366-372.
[16]van Bemmelen R W.The geology of Indonesia[M].Govt.Printing Office The Hague,1949.
[17]Haile N S.Borneo[C].//In:Spencer A M(eds.).Mesozoic-Cenozoic Orogenic Belts:Data for Orogenic Studies.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,1974,4:333-347.
[18]Hall R.Cenozoic reconstructions of SE Asia and the SWPacific:changing patterns of land and sea[C].//In:Metcalfe I,Smith J M B,Morwood M,Davidson I D,(eds.).Faunal and Floral Migration and Evolution in SEAsia-Australasia.Lisse:Swets&Zeitlinger,2001:35-56.
[19]韦继康.马来西亚乌鲁索谷(UluSokor)金矿控矿因素、矿床成因及找矿预测研究[D].中南大学硕士学位论文,2010.
[20]Li B,Jiang S Y,Zou H Y,Mu Y,Lai J Q.Geology and fluid characteristics of the Ulu Sokor gold deposit,Kelantan,Malaysia:Implications for ore genesis and classification of the deposit[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2015,64:400-424.
[21]Makoundi C,Zaw K,Large R R,Meffre S,Lai C K,Hoe TG.Geology,geochemistry and metallogenesis of the Selinsing gold deposit,central Malaysia[J].Gondwana Research,2013,26(1):241-261.
[22]United States Geological Survey.2013 Minerals Yearbook Malaysia[R].2015,http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/country/2013/myb3-2013-my.pdf.
[23]Zaw K,Meffre S,Lai C K,Burrett C,Santosh M,Graham I,Manaka T,Salam A,Kamvong T,Cromie P.Tectonics and metallogeny of mainland Southeast AsiaA review and contribution[J].Gondwana Research,2014,26(1):5-30.
[24]Garwin S,Hall R,Watanabe Y.Tectonic Setting,Geology,and Gold and Copper Mineralization in Cenozoic Magmatic Arcs of Southeast Asia and the West Pacific[C].Economic Geology 100th Anniversary Volume,2005:891-930.
[25]Yeap E B.Tin and gold mineralizations in Peninsular Malaysia and their relationships to the tectonic development[J].Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences,1993,8(1-4):329-348.
[26]Schwartz M O,Rajah S S,Askury A K,Putthapiban P,Djaswadi S.The Southeast Asian tin belt[J].EarthScience Reviews,1995,38(2-4):200-203.
[27]Mitchell A H G.Tectonic settings for emplacement of Southeast Asian tin granites[J].Geological Society of Malaysia Bulletin,1977,9:123-140.
[28]Ingham F T Bradford E P.The Geology and Mineral Resources of the Kinta Valley,Perak[M].Malaya:Government Press,Federation of Malaya Geological Survey Memoir 9,1960,pp347.
[29]SNL Metals&Mining Database.2015[EB/OL].http://www.snl.com/Sectors/metalsmining.
[30]United Nations.Atlas of mineral resources of the ESCAPregion volume 1 Malaysia explanatory Brochure[M].Bangkok,United Nations,1985.
[31]李斌,邹海洋,杨牧,杜高峰,韦继康,王天国.马来西亚吉兰丹州Ulu Sokor金矿地质特征及找矿方向[J].黄金科学技术,2010,18(4):17-21.
[32]Hutchison C S.Multiple Mesozoic Sn-W-Sb granitoids of southeast Asia[C].Geol.Soc.of America Memoir,1983,159:35-60.
[33]Foo B N.Mineral paragenesis,fluid inclusion studies and geochemistry of the Sungei Lembing tin lodes,West Malaysia[J].Institution of Mining and Metallurgy,Transactions,Section B:Applied Earth Science,1977,86:B163.
[34]姚华舟,朱章显,韦延光,杨振强,吴键辉.巽他群岛-新几内亚岛地区地质与矿产[M].北京:地质出版社,2010.
[35]祝明金,练兵,田亚洲,亢庚.马来西亚斯里加亚铁矿床地质特征及成因探讨[J].贵州地质,2011,28(3):206-210.
[36]Hutchison C S.Economic deposits and their tectonic setting[M].John Wiley&Sons Australia,Limited,1983.
[37]Kosaka H,Wakita K.Some geologic features of the Mamut porphyry copper deposit,Sabah,Malaysia[J].Economic Geology,1978,73(5):618-627.
[38]Jacobson G.Gunung Kinabalu area,Sabah,East Malaysia[M].Kuching:Government Press,Malaysia Geological Survey,Report 8,1970.
[2]Metcalfe I.Gondwana dispersion and Asian accretion:Tectonic and palaeogeographic evolution of eastern Tethys[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2013,66:1-33.
[3]Hutchison C S.Geological Evolution of South East Asia[M].Clarendon Press,Oxford,1989:1-36.
[4]Harbury N A,Jones M E,Audley-Charles M G,Metcalfe I,Mohamed K R.Structural evolution of Mesozoic Peninsular Malaysia[J].Journal of the Geological Society,1990,147(1):11-26.
[5]Metcalfe I.The Bentong-Raub Suture Zone[J].Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences,2000,18(6),691-693.
[6]Atmadja R S,Noeradi D,Priadi B.Cenozoic magmatism in Kalimantan and its related geodynamic evolution[J].Journal of Asian Earth Science,1999,17(1):25-45.
[7]Ghani A A,Lo C H,Chung S L.Basaltic dykes of the Eastern Belt of Peninsular Malaysia:The effects of the difference in crustal thickness of Sibumasu and Indochina[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2013,77:127-139.
[8]Searle M P,Whitehouse M J,Robb L J,Ghani A A,Hutchison C S,Sone M,Ng S W P,Roselee M H,Chung S L,Oliver G J H.Tectonic evolution of the SibumasuIndochina terrane collision zone in Thailand and Malaysia:constraints from new U-Pb zircon chronology of SE Asian tin granitoids[J].Journal of the Geological Society,2012,169(4):489-500.
[9]Chung S K.Annual Report of Geological Survey of Malaysia[M].Geological Survey of Malaysia,1973.
[10]Pour A B,Hashim M.Structural geology mapping using PALSAR data in the Bau gold mining district,Sarawak,Malaysia[J].Advances in Space Research,2014,54(4):644-654.
[11]Ghani A A,Searle M,Robb L,Chung S L.Transitional IS type characteristic in the Main Range Granite,Peninsular Malaysia[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2013,76:225-240.
[12]Beckinsale R D.Granite magmatism in the tin belt of south-east Asia[A].//Origin of granite batholiths.Birkha..user Boston,1979:34-44.
[13]颜佳新.加里曼丹岛和马来半岛中生代岩相古地理特征及其构造意义[J].热带海洋学报,2005,24(2):27-28.
[14]Tougkul F.孙克虬(译).马来西亚北沙巴的地质:与南中国海盆地打开的关系[J].海洋地质译丛,1995,(3):28-37.
[15]赵财胜,孙丰月,李碧乐,丁清峰,吴尚昆.马来西亚沙捞越邦达、什兰江控矿角砾岩筒构造对比研究及其找矿意义[J].世界地质,2003,22(04):366-372.
[16]van Bemmelen R W.The geology of Indonesia[M].Govt.Printing Office The Hague,1949.
[17]Haile N S.Borneo[C].//In:Spencer A M(eds.).Mesozoic-Cenozoic Orogenic Belts:Data for Orogenic Studies.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,1974,4:333-347.
[18]Hall R.Cenozoic reconstructions of SE Asia and the SWPacific:changing patterns of land and sea[C].//In:Metcalfe I,Smith J M B,Morwood M,Davidson I D,(eds.).Faunal and Floral Migration and Evolution in SEAsia-Australasia.Lisse:Swets&Zeitlinger,2001:35-56.
[19]韦继康.马来西亚乌鲁索谷(UluSokor)金矿控矿因素、矿床成因及找矿预测研究[D].中南大学硕士学位论文,2010.
[20]Li B,Jiang S Y,Zou H Y,Mu Y,Lai J Q.Geology and fluid characteristics of the Ulu Sokor gold deposit,Kelantan,Malaysia:Implications for ore genesis and classification of the deposit[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2015,64:400-424.
[21]Makoundi C,Zaw K,Large R R,Meffre S,Lai C K,Hoe TG.Geology,geochemistry and metallogenesis of the Selinsing gold deposit,central Malaysia[J].Gondwana Research,2013,26(1):241-261.
[22]United States Geological Survey.2013 Minerals Yearbook Malaysia[R].2015,http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/country/2013/myb3-2013-my.pdf.
[23]Zaw K,Meffre S,Lai C K,Burrett C,Santosh M,Graham I,Manaka T,Salam A,Kamvong T,Cromie P.Tectonics and metallogeny of mainland Southeast AsiaA review and contribution[J].Gondwana Research,2014,26(1):5-30.
[24]Garwin S,Hall R,Watanabe Y.Tectonic Setting,Geology,and Gold and Copper Mineralization in Cenozoic Magmatic Arcs of Southeast Asia and the West Pacific[C].Economic Geology 100th Anniversary Volume,2005:891-930.
[25]Yeap E B.Tin and gold mineralizations in Peninsular Malaysia and their relationships to the tectonic development[J].Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences,1993,8(1-4):329-348.
[26]Schwartz M O,Rajah S S,Askury A K,Putthapiban P,Djaswadi S.The Southeast Asian tin belt[J].EarthScience Reviews,1995,38(2-4):200-203.
[27]Mitchell A H G.Tectonic settings for emplacement of Southeast Asian tin granites[J].Geological Society of Malaysia Bulletin,1977,9:123-140.
[28]Ingham F T Bradford E P.The Geology and Mineral Resources of the Kinta Valley,Perak[M].Malaya:Government Press,Federation of Malaya Geological Survey Memoir 9,1960,pp347.
[29]SNL Metals&Mining Database.2015[EB/OL].http://www.snl.com/Sectors/metalsmining.
[30]United Nations.Atlas of mineral resources of the ESCAPregion volume 1 Malaysia explanatory Brochure[M].Bangkok,United Nations,1985.
[31]李斌,邹海洋,杨牧,杜高峰,韦继康,王天国.马来西亚吉兰丹州Ulu Sokor金矿地质特征及找矿方向[J].黄金科学技术,2010,18(4):17-21.
[32]Hutchison C S.Multiple Mesozoic Sn-W-Sb granitoids of southeast Asia[C].Geol.Soc.of America Memoir,1983,159:35-60.
[33]Foo B N.Mineral paragenesis,fluid inclusion studies and geochemistry of the Sungei Lembing tin lodes,West Malaysia[J].Institution of Mining and Metallurgy,Transactions,Section B:Applied Earth Science,1977,86:B163.
[34]姚华舟,朱章显,韦延光,杨振强,吴键辉.巽他群岛-新几内亚岛地区地质与矿产[M].北京:地质出版社,2010.
[35]祝明金,练兵,田亚洲,亢庚.马来西亚斯里加亚铁矿床地质特征及成因探讨[J].贵州地质,2011,28(3):206-210.
[36]Hutchison C S.Economic deposits and their tectonic setting[M].John Wiley&Sons Australia,Limited,1983.
[37]Kosaka H,Wakita K.Some geologic features of the Mamut porphyry copper deposit,Sabah,Malaysia[J].Economic Geology,1978,73(5):618-627.
[38]Jacobson G.Gunung Kinabalu area,Sabah,East Malaysia[M].Kuching:Government Press,Malaysia Geological Survey,Report 8,1970.