中小城市交通秩序混乱的空间特征及其影响路径分析——基于空间生产的视角
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摘要
交通秩序混乱是造成交通拥堵的主要原因之一。文章以空间生产理论三重空间逻辑为框架,以河南省信阳市为案例,致力于揭示中小城市交通秩序混乱的空间特征。研究发现:道路侵占和无序行驶是交通秩序混乱的主要空间特征,基于不同交通主体和道路空间类型,可概括为三类道路侵占和二类无序行驶模式。道路侵占是无序行驶的直接原因,且表现为在道路横断面视角下自外向内的空间作用路径。导致中小城市交通秩序混乱的根本原因是交通产品提供者和管理者构想的交通空间秩序和交通产品使用主体空间感知和行动的对立;直接原因是交通影响者违规挤占交通空间、非机动车驾驶者及行人交通意识淡薄和交通执法人员执法不严或无法可依。
Traffic congestion has become the bottleneck restricting the sustainable development of small-and-medium-sized cities.Traffic chaos is one of the potential causes of traffic jams.Based on the triple spatial logic in theory on production of space,this study is devoted to revealing the spatial law and driving forces of traffic disturbance in small-and-medium-sized cities.It is found that road misappropriation and disordered driving are the main spatial characteristics of traffic chaos;based on different types of traffic and road space,they can be summarized as three types of road encroachment and two types of unordered driving patterns.Road encroachment is the direct cause of disordered driving,and it appears as a space-effect path from the outside to the inside under the cross-section of the road.The fundamental causes of traffic chaos in small-and-medium-sized cities are the spatial order of legal ideas and the unity of space perception and action of traffic subjects;traffic influencers invade and occupy traffic space,the traffic awareness of non-motorized drivers and pedestrians is weak,and traffic law enforcement personnel do not enforce laws closely or failure to comply is the direct cause.
Traffic congestion has become the bottleneck restricting the sustainable development of small-and-medium-sized cities.Traffic chaos is one of the potential causes of traffic jams.Based on the triple spatial logic in theory on production of space,this study is devoted to revealing the spatial law and driving forces of traffic disturbance in small-and-medium-sized cities.It is found that road misappropriation and disordered driving are the main spatial characteristics of traffic chaos;based on different types of traffic and road space,they can be summarized as three types of road encroachment and two types of unordered driving patterns.Road encroachment is the direct cause of disordered driving,and it appears as a space-effect path from the outside to the inside under the cross-section of the road.The fundamental causes of traffic chaos in small-and-medium-sized cities are the spatial order of legal ideas and the unity of space perception and action of traffic subjects;traffic influencers invade and occupy traffic space,the traffic awareness of non-motorized drivers and pedestrians is weak,and traffic law enforcement personnel do not enforce laws closely or failure to comply is the direct cause.
引文
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[19]窦水海.行人过街过程中交通主体行为演化研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2015.
[20]全国人民代表大会常务委员会.中华人民共和国道路交通安全法[M].北京:中国方正出版社,2003.
[2]周素红,闫小培.广州市空间结构与交通需求关系[J].地理学报,2005,60(1):131-142.
[3]邵丹娜,刘学敏.“致堵”与“治堵”---城市交通治堵研究述评[J].城市发展研究,2014,21(12):5-8.
[4]刘治彦,岳晓燕,赵睿.我国城市交通拥堵成因与治理对策[J].城市发展研究,2011,18(11):90-96.
[5]刘贤腾,沈青,朱丽.大城市交通供需矛盾及发展对策---以南京为例[J].城市规划,2009,33(1):80-87.
[6]CERVEROR,戴彦欣.平衡的交通和可持续发展的城镇化---通过制度、需求管理及土地使用措施增强机动性和可达性[J].国外城市规划,2005,2(3):15-27.
[7]胡明伟.交通工程学[M].北京:中国质检出版社,2012.
[8]周军,苏云亭,梁彦彦.治理城市交通拥堵的国际经验与启示[J].价格理论与实践,2012(11):78-79.
[9]高彭,张子秦.城市交通拥堵分析及对策研究[J].交通科技与经济,2011,2:22-25.
[10]吴宁.日常生活批判---列斐伏尔哲学思想研究[M].北京:人民出版社,2007.
[11]MARASCO M.Book Review:HenriLefebvre on Space:Architecture,Urban Research,and the Production of Theory[J].Urban Studies,2013,50(2):443-445.
[12]韩勇,余斌,朱媛媛,等.英美国家关于列斐伏尔空间生产理论的新近研究进展及启示[J].经济地理,2016,36(7):19-26.
[13]王志弘.多重的辩证:列斐伏尔空间生产概念三元组演绎与引申[J].地理学报(台湾),2009,55:1-24.
[14]LEFEBVRE H.The production of space[M].London:Verso,2006.
[15]MERRIFIELD A.HenriLefebvre:a critical introduction[M].Taylor&Francis,2006.
[16]STEWART L.Bodies,visions and spatial politics:a review essay on HenriLefebvre's the production of space[J].Environment and Planning d-society&Space,1995,13:609-618.
[17]SHIELDS R.Lefebvre,love,and struggle:Spatial dialectics[M].London:Routledge,1999.
[18]MERRIFIELD A.HenriLefebvre:A socialist in space[M]//CRANGM,THIRFTN.Thinking space.London:Routledge,2000:167-182.
[19]窦水海.行人过街过程中交通主体行为演化研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2015.
[20]全国人民代表大会常务委员会.中华人民共和国道路交通安全法[M].北京:中国方正出版社,2003.