北极高速水声通信实验初步研究
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摘要
因海冰覆盖和独特的声速剖面特征,北极水声信道有其特殊性,为研究、开发和利用北极,需要开展北极水声通信研究。2017年夏季在北冰洋中心区开展了一次距离1.26 km、通信速率为1.2 kbps的冰下水声通信实验。实验结果表明通信系统的载波频率偏高、声接收端背景噪声级较高以及水声信道上界面的海冰分布较为复杂是导致实验结果误码率偏高的主要原因,提出了相应的改进措施和建议。实验过程中,水声通信设备系统工作良好无故障。此次实验为极地水声通信装备的研制、极地水声通信的研究与应用积累了宝贵经验。
The Arctic underwater acoustic channel has its particularity due to sea ice cover and the distinctive sound velocity profile of sea water, so it is needed to research the Arctic underwater acoustic communication for the Arctic development and utilization. In the summer of 2017, an underwater acoustic communication experiment under ice was carried out in the central region of the Arctic Ocean, the communication distance is 1.26 km and the communication rate is 1.2 kbps. The experiment shows that for the communication system with a higher carrier frequency, the background noise level at the receiving terminal is high, and the complex ice distribution on the surface of underwater acoustic channel is the main cause for the high bit error rate of the experimental results. The corresponding improvement measures and suggestions are put forward. The underwater acoustic communication equipment works well and has no fault in the experiment. This experiment accumulates valuable experience for the development of polar underwater acoustic communication equipment and for the research and application of polar underwater acoustic communication.
The Arctic underwater acoustic channel has its particularity due to sea ice cover and the distinctive sound velocity profile of sea water, so it is needed to research the Arctic underwater acoustic communication for the Arctic development and utilization. In the summer of 2017, an underwater acoustic communication experiment under ice was carried out in the central region of the Arctic Ocean, the communication distance is 1.26 km and the communication rate is 1.2 kbps. The experiment shows that for the communication system with a higher carrier frequency, the background noise level at the receiving terminal is high, and the complex ice distribution on the surface of underwater acoustic channel is the main cause for the high bit error rate of the experimental results. The corresponding improvement measures and suggestions are put forward. The underwater acoustic communication equipment works well and has no fault in the experiment. This experiment accumulates valuable experience for the development of polar underwater acoustic communication equipment and for the research and application of polar underwater acoustic communication.
引文
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[17] HAN X, YIN J W, GE Y. Multiple-input multiple-output under-ice acoustic communication in shallow water[C]//Proceedings of the11th ACM International Conference on Underwater Networks&Systems(WUWNet'16). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2016.
[18] YIN J W, YANG G, HUANG D F, et al. Blind adaptive multi-user detection for under-ice acoustic communications with mobile interfering users[J]. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 2017, 141(1):70-75.
[2]李启虎,王宁,赵进平,等.北极水声学:一门引人关注的新型学科[J].应用声学, 2014, 33(6):471-483.LI Qihu, WANG Ning, ZHAO Jinping, et al. Arctic underwater acoustics:an attractive new topic in ocean acoustics[J]. Journal of Applied Acoustics, 2014, 33(6):471-483.
[3]殷敬伟,杜鹏宇,朱广平,等.松花江冰下声学试验技术研究[J].应用声学, 2016, 35(1):58-68.YIN Jingwei, DU Pengyu, ZHU Guangping, et al. The research of the under-ice acoustic experiment technology[J]. Journal of Applied Acoustics, 2016, 35(1):58-68.
[4] Raytheon deepsiren closes submarine comms gap at arctic exercise[EB/OL].[2018-03-15]. https://www.defencetalk.com/raytheondeepsiren-closes-submarine-comms-gap-at-arctic-exercise-33514.
[5] LEE C, GOBAT J. Acoustic navigation and communications for high latitude ocean research(ANCHOR)[J]. J. Acoust. Soc. Am.,2008, 123(5):2990.
[6] FREITAG L, KOSKI P, MOROZOV A, et al. Acoustic communications and navigation under Arctic ice[C]//Oceans 2012, Hampton Roads, VA, 2012:1-8.
[7] FREITAG L, BALL K, PARTAN J, et al. Long range acoustic communications and navigation in the Arctic[C]//Oceans 2015-MTS/IEEE Washington, Washington, DC, 2015:1-5.
[8]高飞,潘长明,冯盼盼,等.夏季白令海声速剖面分布特征[J].海洋通报, 2014, 33(2):180-187.GAO Fei, PAN Changming, FENG Panpan, et al. Characteristics of Sound speed profile in Bering Sea in Summer[J]. MARINE SCIENCE BULLETIN, 2014, 33(2):180-187.
[9]高飞,张新睿,孙磊,等.白令海西部小区域声传播特征研究[J].声学技术, 2015, 34(4):306-311.GAO Fei, ZHANG Xinrui, SUN Lei, et al. The analysis of acoustic propagation characteristics in the small area west of Bering Sea[J]. Technical Acoustics, 2015, 34(4):306-311.
[10]刘崇磊,李涛,尹力,等.北极冰下双轴声道传播特性研究[J].应用声学, 2016, 35(4):309-315.LIU Chonglei, LI Tao, YIN Li, et al. Acoustic propagation properties of two-axes channel under sea ice in the Arctic[J]. Journal of Applied Acoustics, 2016, 35(4):309-315.
[11]陈文剑,殷敬伟,周焕玲,等.平面冰层覆盖下水中声传播损失特性分析[J].极地研究, 2017, 29(2):194-203.CHEN Wenjian, YIN Jingwei, ZHOU Huanling, et al. Characteristic analysis of acoustic transmission loss in water under plane ice cover[J]. Chinese Journal of Polar Research, 2017, 29(2):194-203.
[12]刘胜兴,李整林.海面冰层对声波的反射和散射特性[J].物理学报, 2017, 66(23):234301-1-8.LIU Shengxing, LI Zhenglin. Reflecting and scattering of acoustic wave from sea ices[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2017, 66(23):234301-1-8.
[13] LIU S X, SONG A J, SHEN C C. Acoustic communication channel model in the under-ice environment[C]//Oceans 2016-Shanghai, Shanghai, 2016:1-5.
[14]朱广平,殷敬伟,陈文剑,等.北极典型冰下声信道建模及特性[J].声学学报, 2017, 42(2):152-158.ZHU Guangping, YIN Jingwei, CHEN Wenjian, et al. Modeling and characterizing the typical under-ice acoustic channel for the Arctic[J]. Acta Acustica, 2017, 42(2):152-158.
[15]殷敬伟,张晓,朱广平,等.参量阵差分Pattern时延差编码冰下水声通信方法[J].声学学报, 2017, 42(1):48-52.YIN Jingwei, ZHANG Xiao, ZHU Guangping, et al. Parametric array differential Pattern time delay shift coding underwater acoustic communication in the under-ice enviroment[J]. Acta Acustica,2017, 42(1):48-52.
[16] TANG S Y, ZHU G P, ZHANG X, et al. Under-ice underwater acoustic communication based on direct sequence spread spectrum system with parametric emission[C]//2016 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and Computing(ICSPCC), Hong Kong, 2016:1-4.
[17] HAN X, YIN J W, GE Y. Multiple-input multiple-output under-ice acoustic communication in shallow water[C]//Proceedings of the11th ACM International Conference on Underwater Networks&Systems(WUWNet'16). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2016.
[18] YIN J W, YANG G, HUANG D F, et al. Blind adaptive multi-user detection for under-ice acoustic communications with mobile interfering users[J]. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 2017, 141(1):70-75.