中国红树林与典型区红树林群落重心迁移特征及共性关系
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摘要
随着社会和经济的发展,红树林重心以及群落内部空间结构可能发生变化与调整。利用重心模型方法可以构建转移距离及方向,探索红树林及群落的重心空间转移特征及分布格局。本研究通过采用近25年多源、多时相遥感数据,利用GIS和遥感技术,提取了中国红树林信息,以及典型保护区漳江口的白骨壤、秋茄、桐花树、卡开芦和短叶茳芏信息。利用重心模型方法,从全局到局部,分析了中国红树林和典型保护区漳江口红树林群落的重心迁移特征与共性关系。结果表明:(1)红树林重心在东北方向上存在明显偏离,这种偏离主要体现在经度上,东西方向上不均衡。红树林重心主要位于入海口,且指向河网密集、经济繁荣的地区。(2)红树林群落重心受东南方向的主导作用,并指向群落高聚集区。红树林群落逐渐向北部和东部蔓延,重心表现出向北集聚的趋势。(3)省级红树林与典型区红树林群落重心迁移共性特征具有一致性、折回性和层次性,主要特征如下:红树林及群落的重心转移方向与海岸潮间带走向基本一致,且两者的轨迹方向指向受到良好波浪掩护的港湾或河口湾内;省级红树林及典型区红树林群落的重心分别在2005年和2011年后发生了不同程度的折回现象;典型区群落重心迁移在一定程度上属于省级红树林重心迁移的放大形势,前者反映了局部的内部结构特征,后者反映了全局的整体特征。研究有助于相关部门提出保护措施和方案,使红树林均衡、稳定、持续生长。
With the development of society and economy,the gravity center and spatial structure of mangrove communities would change. The center of gravity model could be used to construct transfer distance and direction,and explore spatial transfer characteristics and distribution pattern of mangrove communities. Multi-source and multi-temporal remote sensing data in past 25 years were used to extract information of mangrove forests in China and information of Avicennia marina,Kandelia obovata,Aegiceras corniculatum,Phragmites karka and Cyperus malaccensis in a typical reserve of Zhangjiang Estuary by GIS and remote sensing technology. With the center of gravity model,gravity transfer characteristics and common relations of mangroves in China and mangrove communities in the typical reserve of Zhangjiang Estuary were analyzed from whole to part perspective. The results showed that:( 1) There was a clear deviation of mangrove center of gravity in the northeast direction. This deviation was mainly reflected in longitude,with an imbalance between the east and the west. Mangrove center of gravity was mainly located at the entrance to the sea,and pointed to the area where river network was dense and economic was prosperous.( 2) Center of gravity of mangrove communities was dominated by the direction of southeast,pointing to high aggregation area of the mangrove communities. Mangrove communities gradually spread to northern and eastern areas. The center of gravity showed a trend toward the north.( 3)The common characteristics of provincial-level mangrove forests and those in the typical area were of consistency,retraction and hierarchy. The main features were as follows: both directions of gravity transfer of mangrove forests and mangrove communities were basically consistent with the trend of coastal intertidal zone; the directions of track of the two pointed to the harbor or estuary bay covered well by waves; the center of gravity of provincial-level mangrove forests and those in the typical area had different degrees of retraction after 2005 and 2011,respectively. To a certain extent,the center of gravity transfer of mangrove communities in the typical area belonged to the enlarged situation of provincial-level mangrove gravity center transfer,with the former reflecting the local internal structure characteristics and the latter reflecting the overall characteristics. Our results would help management agencies to propose protective measures and plans for the balanced,stable and sustainable growth of mangrove.
With the development of society and economy,the gravity center and spatial structure of mangrove communities would change. The center of gravity model could be used to construct transfer distance and direction,and explore spatial transfer characteristics and distribution pattern of mangrove communities. Multi-source and multi-temporal remote sensing data in past 25 years were used to extract information of mangrove forests in China and information of Avicennia marina,Kandelia obovata,Aegiceras corniculatum,Phragmites karka and Cyperus malaccensis in a typical reserve of Zhangjiang Estuary by GIS and remote sensing technology. With the center of gravity model,gravity transfer characteristics and common relations of mangroves in China and mangrove communities in the typical reserve of Zhangjiang Estuary were analyzed from whole to part perspective. The results showed that:( 1) There was a clear deviation of mangrove center of gravity in the northeast direction. This deviation was mainly reflected in longitude,with an imbalance between the east and the west. Mangrove center of gravity was mainly located at the entrance to the sea,and pointed to the area where river network was dense and economic was prosperous.( 2) Center of gravity of mangrove communities was dominated by the direction of southeast,pointing to high aggregation area of the mangrove communities. Mangrove communities gradually spread to northern and eastern areas. The center of gravity showed a trend toward the north.( 3)The common characteristics of provincial-level mangrove forests and those in the typical area were of consistency,retraction and hierarchy. The main features were as follows: both directions of gravity transfer of mangrove forests and mangrove communities were basically consistent with the trend of coastal intertidal zone; the directions of track of the two pointed to the harbor or estuary bay covered well by waves; the center of gravity of provincial-level mangrove forests and those in the typical area had different degrees of retraction after 2005 and 2011,respectively. To a certain extent,the center of gravity transfer of mangrove communities in the typical area belonged to the enlarged situation of provincial-level mangrove gravity center transfer,with the former reflecting the local internal structure characteristics and the latter reflecting the overall characteristics. Our results would help management agencies to propose protective measures and plans for the balanced,stable and sustainable growth of mangrove.
引文
陈长平,高亚辉,林鹏.2007.福建漳江口红树林保护区浮游植物群落的季节变化研究.海洋科学,31(7):25-31.
陈志刚,王青,黄贤金,等.2007.长三角城市群重心移动及其驱动因素研究.地理科学,27(4):457-462.
但新球,廖宝文,吴照柏,等.2016.中国红树林湿地资源、保护现状和主要威胁.生态环境学报,25(7):1237-1243.
郭丽英,李刚.2013.环渤海地区城镇化进程中耕地面积及其重心转移格局分析.中国农业资源与区划,34(4):32-36.
黄冠闽,方柏州,林伟山,等.2011.漳江口红树林自然保护区的保护与发展.湿地科学与管理,(1):42-44.
贾明明.2014.1973-2013年中国红树林动态变化遥感分析(博士学位论文).北京:中国科学院研究生院.
李平星,曹有挥.2013.产业转移背景下区域工业碳排放时空格局演变---以泛长三角为例.地球科学进展,28(8):939-947.
廖宝文,张乔民.2014.中国红树林的分布、面积和树种组成.湿地科学,12(4):435-440.
林益明,林鹏.2001.中国红树林生态系统的植物种类、多样性、功能及其保护.海洋湖沼通报,(3):8-16.
刘佳骏,李雪慧,史丹.2013.中国碳排放重心转移与驱动因素分析.财贸经济,(12):112-123.
刘贤赵,高长春,韩用顺,等.2017.2008年以来湖南省碳排放重心与经济发展重心演变及其相关分析.生态与农村环境学报,33(9):792-799.
刘雅轩,张小雷,雷军,等.2009.近30年来新疆经济重心转移路径.干旱区地理,32(3):471-477.
慕晓飞,雷磊.2011.东北经济重心演变及区域发展均衡性研究.经济地理,31(3):366-370.
孙慧敏,姜姜,崔莉娜,等.2018.互花米草入侵对漳江口红树林湿地土壤有机碳官能团特征的影响.植物生态学报,42(7):774-784.
孙芹芹,吴志峰,谭建军.2010.基于热力重心的广州城市热环境时空变化分析.地理科学,30(4):620-623.
谭芳林,黄丽,潘辉,等.2006.福建漳江口湿地人类活动状况调查.湿地科学,4(3):198-203.
王介勇,刘彦随.2009.1990年至2005年中国粮食产量重心演进格局及其驱动机制.资源科学,31(7):1188-1194.
徐宗焕,方柏州,陈家金,等.2007.福建漳江口红树林生长与气象条件的关系.中国农学通报,23(8):532-535.
杨绪红,金晓斌,管栩,等.2013.2006-2012年中国土地整治项目空间特征分析.资源科学,35(8):1535-1541.
张东菊,左平,邹欣庆.2015.基于加权Ripley’s K-function的多尺度景观格局分析---以江苏盐城滨海湿地为例.生态学报,35(8):2703-2711.
赵晟,洪华生,张珞平,等.2007.中国红树林生态系统服务的能值价值.资源科学,29(1):147-154.
Chavez PS,Berlin GL,Sowers LB.1982.Statistical methods for selecting Landsat MSS ratios.Journal of Applied Photographic Engineering,8:23-30.
Grether JM,Mathys NA.2010.Is the world’s economic centre of gravity already in Asia?Area,42:47-50.
Khadaroo J,Seetanah B.2008.The role of transport infrastructure in international tourism development:A gravity model approach.Tourism Management,29:831-840.
Quah D.2011.The global economy’s shifting centre of gravity.Global Policy,2:3-9.
Ranpise RS,Kadam AK,Gaikwad SW,et al.2016.Appraising spatio-temporal shifting of urban growth center of PimpriChinchwad Industrialized City,India using Shannon entropy method.Current Urban Studies,4:343-355.
Thorson JT,Pinsky ML,Ward EJ.2016.Model-based inference for estimating shifts in species distribution,area occupied,and center of gravity.Methods in Ecology&Evolution,7:990-1002.
Wang L,Shi C,Tian J,et al.2018.Researches on mangrove forest monitoring methods based on multi-source remote sensing.Biodiversity Science,26:838-849.
Wang Y,Chen Y,LI Z.2013.Evolvement characteristics of population and economic gravity centers in Tarim River Basin,Uygur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang,China.Chinese Geographical Science,23:765-772.
陈志刚,王青,黄贤金,等.2007.长三角城市群重心移动及其驱动因素研究.地理科学,27(4):457-462.
但新球,廖宝文,吴照柏,等.2016.中国红树林湿地资源、保护现状和主要威胁.生态环境学报,25(7):1237-1243.
郭丽英,李刚.2013.环渤海地区城镇化进程中耕地面积及其重心转移格局分析.中国农业资源与区划,34(4):32-36.
黄冠闽,方柏州,林伟山,等.2011.漳江口红树林自然保护区的保护与发展.湿地科学与管理,(1):42-44.
贾明明.2014.1973-2013年中国红树林动态变化遥感分析(博士学位论文).北京:中国科学院研究生院.
李平星,曹有挥.2013.产业转移背景下区域工业碳排放时空格局演变---以泛长三角为例.地球科学进展,28(8):939-947.
廖宝文,张乔民.2014.中国红树林的分布、面积和树种组成.湿地科学,12(4):435-440.
林益明,林鹏.2001.中国红树林生态系统的植物种类、多样性、功能及其保护.海洋湖沼通报,(3):8-16.
刘佳骏,李雪慧,史丹.2013.中国碳排放重心转移与驱动因素分析.财贸经济,(12):112-123.
刘贤赵,高长春,韩用顺,等.2017.2008年以来湖南省碳排放重心与经济发展重心演变及其相关分析.生态与农村环境学报,33(9):792-799.
刘雅轩,张小雷,雷军,等.2009.近30年来新疆经济重心转移路径.干旱区地理,32(3):471-477.
慕晓飞,雷磊.2011.东北经济重心演变及区域发展均衡性研究.经济地理,31(3):366-370.
孙慧敏,姜姜,崔莉娜,等.2018.互花米草入侵对漳江口红树林湿地土壤有机碳官能团特征的影响.植物生态学报,42(7):774-784.
孙芹芹,吴志峰,谭建军.2010.基于热力重心的广州城市热环境时空变化分析.地理科学,30(4):620-623.
谭芳林,黄丽,潘辉,等.2006.福建漳江口湿地人类活动状况调查.湿地科学,4(3):198-203.
王介勇,刘彦随.2009.1990年至2005年中国粮食产量重心演进格局及其驱动机制.资源科学,31(7):1188-1194.
徐宗焕,方柏州,陈家金,等.2007.福建漳江口红树林生长与气象条件的关系.中国农学通报,23(8):532-535.
杨绪红,金晓斌,管栩,等.2013.2006-2012年中国土地整治项目空间特征分析.资源科学,35(8):1535-1541.
张东菊,左平,邹欣庆.2015.基于加权Ripley’s K-function的多尺度景观格局分析---以江苏盐城滨海湿地为例.生态学报,35(8):2703-2711.
赵晟,洪华生,张珞平,等.2007.中国红树林生态系统服务的能值价值.资源科学,29(1):147-154.
Chavez PS,Berlin GL,Sowers LB.1982.Statistical methods for selecting Landsat MSS ratios.Journal of Applied Photographic Engineering,8:23-30.
Grether JM,Mathys NA.2010.Is the world’s economic centre of gravity already in Asia?Area,42:47-50.
Khadaroo J,Seetanah B.2008.The role of transport infrastructure in international tourism development:A gravity model approach.Tourism Management,29:831-840.
Quah D.2011.The global economy’s shifting centre of gravity.Global Policy,2:3-9.
Ranpise RS,Kadam AK,Gaikwad SW,et al.2016.Appraising spatio-temporal shifting of urban growth center of PimpriChinchwad Industrialized City,India using Shannon entropy method.Current Urban Studies,4:343-355.
Thorson JT,Pinsky ML,Ward EJ.2016.Model-based inference for estimating shifts in species distribution,area occupied,and center of gravity.Methods in Ecology&Evolution,7:990-1002.
Wang L,Shi C,Tian J,et al.2018.Researches on mangrove forest monitoring methods based on multi-source remote sensing.Biodiversity Science,26:838-849.
Wang Y,Chen Y,LI Z.2013.Evolvement characteristics of population and economic gravity centers in Tarim River Basin,Uygur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang,China.Chinese Geographical Science,23:765-772.
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