悬索桥基准索股定位与调整方法研究
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摘要
悬索桥基准索股线形随着索股跨度、温度及两端高差变化而变化,为实现悬索桥基准索股现场的快速定位与调整,研究一套高效、实用的基准索股线形施工控制计算方法。通过理论推导编制了考虑索鞍切点变化的索股线形计算程序,建立了基于悬链线理论的索股跨中标高影响公式和调索公式。以某悬索桥为工程背景,进行参数分析,得到索股跨中标高随索股跨度、温度、两端高差变化的影响公式,与传统的抛物线、悬链线公式计算结果进行对比分析,结果表明:考虑索鞍切点变化的索股线形计算程序的计算结果与设计结果吻合较好,误差为毫米级,具有较高的精度。与传统抛物线、悬链线公式相比,考虑切点位置变化的索股跨中标高影响系数随着影响因素的变化而变化,可近似为斜直线。索股跨中标高对温度和索股两端间距的变化比较敏感,影响系数在2左右,施工中应对桥塔偏位和温度进行严格的监测,必要时采取相应调整措施。无论索股跨度、温度及两端高差单独发生任意变化,还是发生任意组合变化,该影响公式和调索公式都能保证一定的精度,误差不超过0.2%,而悬链线公式最大误差为0.81%,抛物线公式最大误差达到8%,此时已经不能满足工程精度的要求。
The geometric shape of datum strands of suspension bridge varies with the span, temperature and height difference of the two ends. In order to realize rapidly positioning and adjustment of datum strands of suspension bridge at the construction site, a set of effective and practical calculation method for construction control of geometric shape of datum strands is studied. The shape calculation program of cable strand considering the change of tangent point is compiled through theoretical derivation, and the effect formula for calculating the midspan elevation of the cable strand and the strand adjustment formula based on the catenary theory are established. Taking a suspension bridge as the engineering background, the parametric analysis is carried out, the formulas of the mid span elevation of cable strands varies with span length, temperature and height difference between two ends are obtained, whose calculation result is compared with those by the traditional parabolic and catenary formulas. The result shows that(1) the calculation result of the calculation program of cable strand geometric shape considering the change of saddle tangent point is in good agreement with the design result, the error is in millimeter order, it has higher accuracy;(2) compared with the traditional parabolic and catenary formulas, the influence coefficient of mid-span elevation of cable strands considering the change of tangent position varies with the influencing factors, and the shape of influence coefficient can be approximated as an oblique line;(3) the mid-span elevation of cable strands is sensitive to the changes of temperature and the distance between the two ends of the cable strands, the influence coefficient is about 2, so the temperature of cable strands and the displacement of main pylon should be strictly monitored and some effective measures should be taken when necessary in the construction;(4) whether the cable strand span, temperature and the difference between the two ends are individually and arbitrarily changed, or any combination changes, the effect formula and the strand adjustment formula can guarantee certain precision, the error is not more than 0.2%, while the maximum error of the catenary formula is 0.81%, and the maximum error of the parabolic formula is 8%, they cannot meet the requirements of engineering accuracy.
The geometric shape of datum strands of suspension bridge varies with the span, temperature and height difference of the two ends. In order to realize rapidly positioning and adjustment of datum strands of suspension bridge at the construction site, a set of effective and practical calculation method for construction control of geometric shape of datum strands is studied. The shape calculation program of cable strand considering the change of tangent point is compiled through theoretical derivation, and the effect formula for calculating the midspan elevation of the cable strand and the strand adjustment formula based on the catenary theory are established. Taking a suspension bridge as the engineering background, the parametric analysis is carried out, the formulas of the mid span elevation of cable strands varies with span length, temperature and height difference between two ends are obtained, whose calculation result is compared with those by the traditional parabolic and catenary formulas. The result shows that(1) the calculation result of the calculation program of cable strand geometric shape considering the change of saddle tangent point is in good agreement with the design result, the error is in millimeter order, it has higher accuracy;(2) compared with the traditional parabolic and catenary formulas, the influence coefficient of mid-span elevation of cable strands considering the change of tangent position varies with the influencing factors, and the shape of influence coefficient can be approximated as an oblique line;(3) the mid-span elevation of cable strands is sensitive to the changes of temperature and the distance between the two ends of the cable strands, the influence coefficient is about 2, so the temperature of cable strands and the displacement of main pylon should be strictly monitored and some effective measures should be taken when necessary in the construction;(4) whether the cable strand span, temperature and the difference between the two ends are individually and arbitrarily changed, or any combination changes, the effect formula and the strand adjustment formula can guarantee certain precision, the error is not more than 0.2%, while the maximum error of the catenary formula is 0.81%, and the maximum error of the parabolic formula is 8%, they cannot meet the requirements of engineering accuracy.
引文
[1] 贺拴海.桥梁结构理论与计算方法[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2017.HE Shuan-hai.Bridge Structure Theory and Calculation Method[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2017.
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[3] 王建金,叶贵如.自锚式悬索桥基准索股架设线形推导与验证[J].华东公路,2013(6):46-49.WANG Jian-jin,YE Gui-ru.Derivation and Verification of Alignment of Datum Strands of Self-anchored Suspension Bridge[J].East China Highway,2013(6):46-49.
[4] 郭福,乔卫华.悬索桥基准索股架设若干影响因素分析与控制[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2014,31(3):71-73.GUO Fu,QIAO Wei-hua.Analysis and Control of Factors Affecting Erection of Datum Strand of Suspension Bridge[J].Road Machinery & Construction Mechanization,2014,31(3):71-73.
[5] 王达,张永健,黄平明.大跨度悬索桥主缆施工温度时变效应研究[J].公路交通科技,2010,27(12):72-77.WANG Da,ZHANG Yong-jian,HUANG Ping-ming.Research on Temperature Time-varying Effect of Long-span Suspension Bridge during Main Cable Construction[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2010,27(12):72-77.
[6] 王达,张永健,杨琴,等.大跨度悬索桥施工期主缆索股线形区域分段控制法[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2015,35(5):57-64.WANG Da,ZHANG Yong-jian,YANG Qin,et al.Sub-regional and Subsection Linear Control Method during the Construction of Main Cables Strands for Long-span Suspension Bridge[J].Journal of Chang'an University:Natural Science Edition,2015,35(5):57-64.
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[8] 柯红军.复杂悬索桥合理设计及合理施工状态确定[D].长沙:长沙理工大学,2014.KE Hong-jun.Determining the Reasonable Design State and Reasonable Construction State of Complex Suspension Bridges[D].Changsha:Changsha University of Science & Technology,2014.
[9] 魏建东.悬链线解答在悬索垂度调整中的应用[J].钢结构,2006,21(6):40-43.WEI Jian-dong.Application of Catenary Solution in SAG Adjustment of Suspension Cable[J].Steel Construction,2006,21(6):40-43.
[10] 孙全胜,孙航,张清晨.基于影响矩阵的自锚式悬索桥基准索股架设监控分析[J].中外公路,2012,32(4):117-122.SUN Quan-sheng,SUN Hang,ZHANG Qing-chen.Monitoring Analysis of Datum Strands Erection of Self-anchored Suspension Bridge Based on Impact Matrix[J].Journal of China & Foreign Highway,2012,32(4):117-122.
[11] 谭红梅,袁帅华,肖汝诚.大跨度悬索桥的基准索股调整[J].中国铁道科学,2010,31(1):38-43.TAN Hong-mei,YUAN Shuai-hua,XIAO Ru-cheng.The Adjustment of Datum Strand of Long-span Suspension Bridges[J].China Railway Science,2010,31(1):38-43.
[12] 刘来君,贺拴海.索鞍无预偏施工悬索桥主缆的温度效应[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2007,27(1):40-44.LIU Lai-jun,HE Shuan-hai.Temperature Effect on Suspension Bridge with Non-pre-bias of Cable-saddle[J].Journal of Chang'an University:Natural Science Edition,2007,27(1):40-44.
[13] 刘世忠,贾一全,王苍和,等.大温差影响下刘家峡大桥基准索股的调整[J].桥梁建设,2014,44(3):51-56.LIU Shi-zhong,JIA Yi-quan,WANG Cang-he,et al.Adjusting of Datum Strand of Liujiaxia Bridge Influenced by Great Temperature Difference[J].Bridge Construction,2014,44(3):51-56.
[14] 何湘峰.大跨度悬索桥缆索系统分析与施工控制[D].西安:长安大学,2007.HE Xiang-feng.Analysis and Construction Control of Cable System of Long-span Suspension Bridges[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2007.
[15] 唐茂林,沈锐利,强士中.大跨度悬索桥丝股架设线形计算的精确方法[J].西南交通大学学报,2001,36(3):303-307.TANG Mao-lin,SHEN Rui-li,QIANG Shi-zhong.An Accurate Calculation Method for Erecting Curves of Wire Strands of Long Suspension Bridges[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2001,36(3):303-307.
[16] 汪东林,张伟.悬索桥主缆温度场计算模型构建分析[J].公路交通科技,2015,32(8):66-71.WANG Dong-lin,ZHANG Wei.Analysis of Temperature Field Calculation Modelling of Main Cables of Suspension Bridge[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2015,32(8):66-71.
[17] 梅葵花.悬索桥主缆施工监控的研究[D].西安:长安大学,2000.MEI Kui-hua.Research on Construction Monitoring of Main Cable of Suspension Bridge[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2000.
[18] 何辉剑.大跨度悬索桥施工监控若干关键问题研究[D].长沙:长沙理工大学,2012.HE Hui-jian.Study on Several Key Issues in Construction Control to Long-span Suspension Bridge [D].Changsha:Changsha University of Science & Technology,2012.
[2] 唐茂林.大跨度悬索桥几何非线性分析及软件开发[D].成都:西南交通大学,2003.TANG Mao-lin.Geometric Nonlinear Analysis and Software Development of Long Span Suspension Bridge[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2003.
[3] 王建金,叶贵如.自锚式悬索桥基准索股架设线形推导与验证[J].华东公路,2013(6):46-49.WANG Jian-jin,YE Gui-ru.Derivation and Verification of Alignment of Datum Strands of Self-anchored Suspension Bridge[J].East China Highway,2013(6):46-49.
[4] 郭福,乔卫华.悬索桥基准索股架设若干影响因素分析与控制[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2014,31(3):71-73.GUO Fu,QIAO Wei-hua.Analysis and Control of Factors Affecting Erection of Datum Strand of Suspension Bridge[J].Road Machinery & Construction Mechanization,2014,31(3):71-73.
[5] 王达,张永健,黄平明.大跨度悬索桥主缆施工温度时变效应研究[J].公路交通科技,2010,27(12):72-77.WANG Da,ZHANG Yong-jian,HUANG Ping-ming.Research on Temperature Time-varying Effect of Long-span Suspension Bridge during Main Cable Construction[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2010,27(12):72-77.
[6] 王达,张永健,杨琴,等.大跨度悬索桥施工期主缆索股线形区域分段控制法[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2015,35(5):57-64.WANG Da,ZHANG Yong-jian,YANG Qin,et al.Sub-regional and Subsection Linear Control Method during the Construction of Main Cables Strands for Long-span Suspension Bridge[J].Journal of Chang'an University:Natural Science Edition,2015,35(5):57-64.
[7] 王建金.独塔空间主缆自锚式悬索桥缆索系统施工计算分析[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.WANG Jian-jin.Cable System Construction Calculation and Analysis of Single Tower Space Main Cable Self-anchored Suspension Bridge [D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2014.
[8] 柯红军.复杂悬索桥合理设计及合理施工状态确定[D].长沙:长沙理工大学,2014.KE Hong-jun.Determining the Reasonable Design State and Reasonable Construction State of Complex Suspension Bridges[D].Changsha:Changsha University of Science & Technology,2014.
[9] 魏建东.悬链线解答在悬索垂度调整中的应用[J].钢结构,2006,21(6):40-43.WEI Jian-dong.Application of Catenary Solution in SAG Adjustment of Suspension Cable[J].Steel Construction,2006,21(6):40-43.
[10] 孙全胜,孙航,张清晨.基于影响矩阵的自锚式悬索桥基准索股架设监控分析[J].中外公路,2012,32(4):117-122.SUN Quan-sheng,SUN Hang,ZHANG Qing-chen.Monitoring Analysis of Datum Strands Erection of Self-anchored Suspension Bridge Based on Impact Matrix[J].Journal of China & Foreign Highway,2012,32(4):117-122.
[11] 谭红梅,袁帅华,肖汝诚.大跨度悬索桥的基准索股调整[J].中国铁道科学,2010,31(1):38-43.TAN Hong-mei,YUAN Shuai-hua,XIAO Ru-cheng.The Adjustment of Datum Strand of Long-span Suspension Bridges[J].China Railway Science,2010,31(1):38-43.
[12] 刘来君,贺拴海.索鞍无预偏施工悬索桥主缆的温度效应[J].长安大学学报:自然科学版,2007,27(1):40-44.LIU Lai-jun,HE Shuan-hai.Temperature Effect on Suspension Bridge with Non-pre-bias of Cable-saddle[J].Journal of Chang'an University:Natural Science Edition,2007,27(1):40-44.
[13] 刘世忠,贾一全,王苍和,等.大温差影响下刘家峡大桥基准索股的调整[J].桥梁建设,2014,44(3):51-56.LIU Shi-zhong,JIA Yi-quan,WANG Cang-he,et al.Adjusting of Datum Strand of Liujiaxia Bridge Influenced by Great Temperature Difference[J].Bridge Construction,2014,44(3):51-56.
[14] 何湘峰.大跨度悬索桥缆索系统分析与施工控制[D].西安:长安大学,2007.HE Xiang-feng.Analysis and Construction Control of Cable System of Long-span Suspension Bridges[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2007.
[15] 唐茂林,沈锐利,强士中.大跨度悬索桥丝股架设线形计算的精确方法[J].西南交通大学学报,2001,36(3):303-307.TANG Mao-lin,SHEN Rui-li,QIANG Shi-zhong.An Accurate Calculation Method for Erecting Curves of Wire Strands of Long Suspension Bridges[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2001,36(3):303-307.
[16] 汪东林,张伟.悬索桥主缆温度场计算模型构建分析[J].公路交通科技,2015,32(8):66-71.WANG Dong-lin,ZHANG Wei.Analysis of Temperature Field Calculation Modelling of Main Cables of Suspension Bridge[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2015,32(8):66-71.
[17] 梅葵花.悬索桥主缆施工监控的研究[D].西安:长安大学,2000.MEI Kui-hua.Research on Construction Monitoring of Main Cable of Suspension Bridge[D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2000.
[18] 何辉剑.大跨度悬索桥施工监控若干关键问题研究[D].长沙:长沙理工大学,2012.HE Hui-jian.Study on Several Key Issues in Construction Control to Long-span Suspension Bridge [D].Changsha:Changsha University of Science & Technology,2012.