北京地区空气污染对中老年高血压患者血压的影响
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摘要
目的探究北京地区空气污染对中老年高血压患者血压的影响。方法招募85例北京市年龄在45～85岁,身体活动能力良好的高血压常住居民。排除现患有其他严重心肺系统疾病、感染或变态反应性疾病者。从各研究对象居住地附近的环境空气监测站收集PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_2、NO_2、O_3和CO的浓度数据,持续时间为5 d。应用线性混合效应模型(单污染物模型、双污染物模型),探究6种空气污染物与血压的相关关系。结果在单污染物模型中,空气污染物除O_3外,其余5种污染物短期暴露使收缩压(SBP)水平升高(P<0.05);脉压(PP)随O_3暴露水平的增加而降低(P<0.05)、随SO_2的暴露而升高(P<0.05)。结论短期暴露于空气污染可导致中老年高血压患者收缩压、脉压水平的升高。
Objective To investigate the associations of air pollution with blood pressure in middle and old-aged hypertensive patients in Beijing. Methods A total of 85 local residents of hypertension aged 45 to 85 years old and with good physical activity in Beijing was recruited. Exclude patients with other serious cardio-pulmonary diseases, infections, or allergic diseases. We checked the 24 hourly concentration of PM_(2.5), PM_(10), SO_2, NO_2, O_3 and CO from the nearest Beijing monitoring sites for 5 days. Linear mixed effect model with a random intercept for each participant to account the dependent repeated measures was used to estimate the associations between 6 air pollutants and blood pressure. Results In the single-pollutant model, short-term exposure to 6 pollutants except O_3 resulted in an increase in SBP(P<0.05). PP decreased with O_3 exposure(P<0.05)and increased with SO_2 exposure(P<0.05).Conclusions Short-term exposure to air pollution may significantly elevate the SBP and PP of hypertensive patients.
Objective To investigate the associations of air pollution with blood pressure in middle and old-aged hypertensive patients in Beijing. Methods A total of 85 local residents of hypertension aged 45 to 85 years old and with good physical activity in Beijing was recruited. Exclude patients with other serious cardio-pulmonary diseases, infections, or allergic diseases. We checked the 24 hourly concentration of PM_(2.5), PM_(10), SO_2, NO_2, O_3 and CO from the nearest Beijing monitoring sites for 5 days. Linear mixed effect model with a random intercept for each participant to account the dependent repeated measures was used to estimate the associations between 6 air pollutants and blood pressure. Results In the single-pollutant model, short-term exposure to 6 pollutants except O_3 resulted in an increase in SBP(P<0.05). PP decreased with O_3 exposure(P<0.05)and increased with SO_2 exposure(P<0.05).Conclusions Short-term exposure to air pollution may significantly elevate the SBP and PP of hypertensive patients.
引文
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[2] Organization WH.Global health risks:mortality and burden of disease attributable to selected major risks [M].Geneva:World Health Organization,2009:9-12.
[3] Zhang Z,Guo C,Lau AKH,et al.Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter,blood pressure,and incident hypertension in taiwanese adults [J].Environ Health Persp,2018,126:017008.doi:10.1289/EHP2466.
[4] Liang R,Zhang B,Zhao X,et al.Effect of exposure to PM2.5 on blood pressure [J].J.Hypertens,2014,32:2130-2141.
[5] Dong G,Qian ZM,Xaverius PK,et al.Association between long-term air pollution and increased blood pressure and hypertension in China [J] .Hypertension,2013,61:578-584.
[6] Brook RD,Bard RL,Burnett RT,et al.Differences in blood pressure and vascular responses associated with ambient fine particulate matter exposures measured at the personal versus community level [J].Occup Environ Med,2011,68:224-230.
[7] Dvonch JT,Kannan S,Schulz AJ,et al.Acute effects of ambient particulate matter on blood pressure [J].Hypertension,2009,53:853-859.
[8] Chiarelli PSR,Pereira LAA,Saldiva PHRD,et al.The association between air pollution and blood pressure in traffic controllers in Santo Andre,Sao Paulo,Brazil [J].Environ Res,2011,111:650-655.
[9] Chuang K,Yan Y,Cheng T.Effect of air pollution on blood pressure,blood lipids,and blood sugar:a population-based approach[J].J Occup Environ Med,2010,52:258-262.
[10] Wu S,Deng F,Huang J,et al.Blood pressure changes and chemical constituents of particulate air pollution:results from the healthy volunteer natural relocation (HVNR) study[J].Environ Health Persp,2013,121:66-72.
[11] Chen S,Su T,Lin Y,et al.Short-term effects of air pollution on pulse pressure among nonsmoking adults[J].Epidemiology,2012,23:341-348.
[12] Chen S,Wu C,Lee J,et al.Associations between long-term air pollutant exposures and blood pressure in elderly residents of taipei city:A cross-sectional study[J].Environ Health Persp,2015,123:779-784.