黄土残塬沟壑区刺槐林枯落物水源涵养功能综合评价
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摘要
为了对黄土残塬沟壑区刺槐林枯落物水源涵养功能综合评价,并提供以功能导向型的林分改造理论依据。于2017年7—8月在山西省吉县蔡家川流域选取475,900,1 575,1 850,2 525株/hm~2不同密度的刺槐林为研究对象,采用坐标综合评定法对不同密度刺槐林分枯落物层水源涵养功能进行综合评价。结果表明,5种林分密度梯度中,当林分密度为1 575株/hm~2时,刺槐林枯落物层能充分发挥其水源涵养功能,而林分密度过高(2 525株/hm~2)或者过低(475株/hm~2)枯落物发挥水源涵养功能的能力均急剧减弱。为了使刺槐林枯落物水源涵养功能正常发挥,其林分密度应控制为1 500株/hm~2。建议现有林分改造中,宜将刺槐林向该密度进行调控。
In order to comprehensively evaluate the function of water conservation of litters in Robinia pseudoacacia forests and provide the theoretical basis for the function-oriented stand improvement in Gully Region on Loess Plateau, five stand densities(475, 900, 1 575, 1 850, 2 525 plants/hm~2) were chosen as subjects in this study at Caijiachuan watershed in Ji County of Shanxi province from July to August, 2017. The comprehensive coordinate method was applied to evaluate the function of water conservation of litters in R. pseudoacacia forests. Results showed that the litters of R. pseudoacacia forests could become effective fully on water conservation when the stand density was 1 575 plants/hm~2. However, the ability of the litter to play the function of water conservation was significantly reduced when the forest density was too high(2 525 plants/hm~2) or too low(475 plants/hm~2). The forest density should be controlled at 1 500 plants/hm~2 so that its litters could play fully the function of water conservation in R. pseudoacacia forests. Therefore, it was advised that the existing forest of R. pseudoacacia should be improved accordance to this forest density.
In order to comprehensively evaluate the function of water conservation of litters in Robinia pseudoacacia forests and provide the theoretical basis for the function-oriented stand improvement in Gully Region on Loess Plateau, five stand densities(475, 900, 1 575, 1 850, 2 525 plants/hm~2) were chosen as subjects in this study at Caijiachuan watershed in Ji County of Shanxi province from July to August, 2017. The comprehensive coordinate method was applied to evaluate the function of water conservation of litters in R. pseudoacacia forests. Results showed that the litters of R. pseudoacacia forests could become effective fully on water conservation when the stand density was 1 575 plants/hm~2. However, the ability of the litter to play the function of water conservation was significantly reduced when the forest density was too high(2 525 plants/hm~2) or too low(475 plants/hm~2). The forest density should be controlled at 1 500 plants/hm~2 so that its litters could play fully the function of water conservation in R. pseudoacacia forests. Therefore, it was advised that the existing forest of R. pseudoacacia should be improved accordance to this forest density.
引文
[1] 赵芳,李雪云,赖国桢,等.飞播马尾松林不同林下植被类型枯落物及土壤水文效应[J].中国水土保持科学,2016,14(4):26-33.
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[24] 张建军,张岩,张波,等.晋西黄土区水土保持林地的土壤水分[J].林业科学,2009,45(11):63-69.
[25] 谈正鑫,万福绪,张涛,等.盱眙人工林枯落物及土壤水文效应研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(4):184-188.
[26] 王会京,王红霞,谢宇光,等.太行山不同林型枯落物持水性及生态水文效应研究[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(6):135-139.
[2] Edwards D P, Tobias J A, Sheil D, et al. Maintaining ecosystem function and services in logged tropical forests[J].Trends in Ecology and Evolution,2014,29(9):511-520.
[3] Brantley S, Ford C R, Vose J M. Future species composition will affect forest water use after loss of eastern hemlock from southern Appalachian forests[J].Ecological Applications,2013,23(4):777-90.
[4] 王利,于立忠,张金鑫,等.浑河上游水源地不同林型水源涵养功能分析[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(3):249-255.
[5] 韩福利,田相林,党坤良,等.抚育间伐对桥山林区油松林乔木层碳储量的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2015,30(4):184-191.
[6] 宋启亮,董希斌.大兴安岭不同类型低质林群落稳定性的综合评价[J].林业科学,2014,50(6):10-17.
[7] 宋启亮,董希斌.大兴安岭低质阔叶混交林不同改造模式综合评价[J].林业科学,2014,50(9):18-25.
[8] 赵芳,李雪云,赖国桢,等.飞播马尾松林不同林下植被类型枯落物及土壤水文效应[J].中国水土保持科学,2016,14(4):26-33.
[9] Waring R H, Schlesinger W H. Forest ecosystems: Concepts and management[J].Clinical and Experimental Allergy,1985,75:181-210.
[10] Capell R, Tetzlaff D, Hartley A J, et al. Linking metrics of hydrological function and transit times to landscape controls in a heterogeneous mesoscale catchment[J].Hydrological Processes,2012,26(3):405-420.
[11] Wohl E, Barros A, Brunsell N, et al. The hydrology of the humid tropics[J].Nature Reports Climate Change,2012,2(9):655-662.
[12] Guendehou G H S, Liski J, Tuomi M, et al. Test of validity of a dynamic soil carbon model using data from leaf litter decomposition in a West African tropical forest[J].Geoscientific Model Development Discussions,2013,6(2):3003-3032.
[13] Saura M S, Estiarte M, Peňuelas J, et al. Effects of climate change on leaf litter decomposition across post-fire plant regenerative groups[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2012,77(2):274-282.
[14] He X, Lin Y, Han G, et al. Litter fall interception by understorey vegetation delayed litter decomposition in Cinnamomum camphora, plantation forest[J].Plant and Soil,2013,372(1/2):207-219.
[15] 韩路,王海珍,吕瑞恒,等.塔里木河上游不同森林类型枯落物的持水特性[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(1):96-101.
[16] 程金花,张洪江,余新晓,等.贡嘎山冷杉纯林地被物及土壤持水特性[J].北京林业大学学报,2002,24(3):45-49.
[17] 刘学全,唐万鹏,崔鸿侠.丹江口库区主要植被类型水源涵养功能综合评价[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2009,33(1):59-63.
[18] 王斌瑞.吉县黄土残塬沟壑区刺槐林密度研究[J].林业科技通讯,1987(5):9-12.
[19] 刘贤德,张学龙,赵维俊,等.祁连山西水林区亚高山灌丛水文功能的综合评价[J].干旱区地理,2016,39(1):86-94.
[20] 常译方,毕华兴,许华森,等.晋西黄土区不同密度刺槐林对土壤水分的影响[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(6):227-232.
[21] 侯贵荣,余新晓,刘自强,等.不同降雨强度下北京山区典型林地土壤水分时空变化特征[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(3):209-215.
[22] 唐国华,董希斌,毛波,等.大兴安岭山杨低质林改造对枯落物持水性能的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2016,44(10):35-40.
[23] 贾剑波,刘文娜,余新晓,等.半城子流域3种林地枯落物的持水能力[J].中国水土保持科学,2015,13(6):26-32.
[24] 张建军,张岩,张波,等.晋西黄土区水土保持林地的土壤水分[J].林业科学,2009,45(11):63-69.
[25] 谈正鑫,万福绪,张涛,等.盱眙人工林枯落物及土壤水文效应研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(4):184-188.
[26] 王会京,王红霞,谢宇光,等.太行山不同林型枯落物持水性及生态水文效应研究[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(6):135-139.