不同土地利用方式对土壤氮磷和重金属含量的影响
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摘要
以贵州威宁草海流域为研究对象,采用现场采样及室内分析测试方法,研究了流域不同土地利用方式对土壤氮磷和重金属的影响及土壤氮磷与重金属之间的相关性。结果表明:土壤总氮、总磷含量均表现为梯平地>城镇用地>坡耕地>草地>林地,梯平地和城镇用地显著高于草地和林地(P<0.05),坡耕地显著高于林地(P<0.05),梯平地、城镇用地和坡耕地,草地和林地均差异不显著(P>0.05);镉含量表现为城镇用地(3.44 mg·kg~(-1))>梯平地(3.16 mg·kg~(-1))>坡耕地(2.72 mg·kg~(-1))>草地(1.81 mg·kg~(-1))>林地(1.56 mg·kg~(-1)),锌含量表现为城镇用地(210.10 mg·kg~(-1))>梯平地(203.67 mg·kg~(-1))>坡耕地(198.86 mg·kg~(-1))>林地(125.53 mg·kg~(-1))>草地(110.49 mg·kg~(-1)),土壤镉、锌含量在城镇用地、梯平地和坡耕地中差异不显著(P>0.05),但均显著高于草地和林地(P<0.05),草地与林地差异不显著(P>0.05);总氮、总磷、镉和锌两两之间均呈显著或极显著的正相关关系。综上所述,不同土地利用方式影响着土壤氮磷和土壤重金属含量,与草地和林地相比,城镇用地、梯平地和坡耕地含量较高,土壤总氮、总磷、镉和锌的输入具有一定的同源性。
Take the Caohai basin of Weining in Guizhou Province as the research object,the effects of different land use types on the contents of total nitrigen,total phosphorus and heavy metals in the soil and the correlation during soil nitrigen,phosphorus and heavy metal were studied by field sampling and laboratory analysis.The results showed that the total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents in the soil were as shown in flat cultivated land>urban land>slope cropland>grassland>forest land.The flat cultivated land and urban land were significantly higher than grassland and forest land(P<0.05),and the slope cropland was significantly higher than the forest land(P<0.05).The flat cultivated land,urban land and slope cropland were not significantly different,grassland and forest land were not significantly different(P>0.05).Cd content was expressed as urban land(3.44 mg·kg~(-1))>flat cultivated land(3.16 mg·kg~(-1))>slope cropland(2.72 mg·kg~(-1))>grassland(1.81 mg·kg~(-1))>forest land(1.56 mg·kg~(-1)).Zn content was expressed as urban land(210.10 mg·kg~(-1))>flat cultivated land(203.67 mg·kg~(-1))>slope cropland(198.86 mg·kg~(-1))>forest land(125.53 mg·kg~(-1))>grassland(110.49 mg·kg~(-1)).The contents of Cd and Zn were not significantly different during urban land,flat cultivated land and slope cropland(P>0.05),and were significantly higher than that of grassland and forest land(P<0.05),and the difference between grassland and forest land was not significant(P>0.05).There was a significant or extremely significant positive correlation between TN,TP,Cd and Zn.To sum up,different land use types affect the contents of total nitrogen total phosphorus and soil heavy metals in the soil.The urban land,flat cultivated land and slope cropland had higher content than the grassland and forest land.At the same time,soil nutrients had certain homology with soil heavy metal input.
Take the Caohai basin of Weining in Guizhou Province as the research object,the effects of different land use types on the contents of total nitrigen,total phosphorus and heavy metals in the soil and the correlation during soil nitrigen,phosphorus and heavy metal were studied by field sampling and laboratory analysis.The results showed that the total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents in the soil were as shown in flat cultivated land>urban land>slope cropland>grassland>forest land.The flat cultivated land and urban land were significantly higher than grassland and forest land(P<0.05),and the slope cropland was significantly higher than the forest land(P<0.05).The flat cultivated land,urban land and slope cropland were not significantly different,grassland and forest land were not significantly different(P>0.05).Cd content was expressed as urban land(3.44 mg·kg~(-1))>flat cultivated land(3.16 mg·kg~(-1))>slope cropland(2.72 mg·kg~(-1))>grassland(1.81 mg·kg~(-1))>forest land(1.56 mg·kg~(-1)).Zn content was expressed as urban land(210.10 mg·kg~(-1))>flat cultivated land(203.67 mg·kg~(-1))>slope cropland(198.86 mg·kg~(-1))>forest land(125.53 mg·kg~(-1))>grassland(110.49 mg·kg~(-1)).The contents of Cd and Zn were not significantly different during urban land,flat cultivated land and slope cropland(P>0.05),and were significantly higher than that of grassland and forest land(P<0.05),and the difference between grassland and forest land was not significant(P>0.05).There was a significant or extremely significant positive correlation between TN,TP,Cd and Zn.To sum up,different land use types affect the contents of total nitrogen total phosphorus and soil heavy metals in the soil.The urban land,flat cultivated land and slope cropland had higher content than the grassland and forest land.At the same time,soil nutrients had certain homology with soil heavy metal input.
引文
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[14] 李晓燕,刘艳青.我国城市不同功能区地表灰尘重金属分布及来源[J].环境科学,2013,34(9):3648-3653.
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[17] 黄绍文,唐继伟,李春花.不同栽培方式菜田耕层土壤重金属状况[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(3):707-718.
[18] 杨艳芳,邵婷,吕梦宇,等.龙窝湖湿地不同土地利用方式土壤养分和重金属污染特征[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(5):1312-1318.
[2] PEKEY H,DOAN G.Application of positive matrix factorisation for the source apportionment of heavy metals in sediments:A comparison with a previous factor analysis study[J].Microchem Journal,2013,106:233-237.
[3] CHABUKDHARA M,NEMA A K.Heavy metals assessment in urban soil around industrial clusters in Ghaziabad,India:probabilistic health risk approach[J].Ecotoxicology & Environmental Safety,2013,87(1):57-64.
[4] 涂从,郑春荣,陈怀满.土壤-植物系统中重金属与养分元素交互作用[J].中国环境科学,1997,17(6):526-529.
[5] 谢运河.不同有机肥对土壤镉锌生物有效性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(3):826-832.
[6] 王军,陈振楼,王初,等.上海崇明岛蔬菜地土壤重金属含量与生态风险预警评估[J].环境科学,2007,28(3):647-653.
[7] 宋成军,张玉华,刘东生,等.土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC)与土壤重金属积累的关系研究进展[J].生态毒理学报,2009,4(5):617-624.
[8] 白振华,张秀玲,段艺芳,等.土地利用/覆被变化对土壤质量影响研究进展[J].世界科技研究与发展,2009,31(4):682-685.
[9] 刘世梁,崔保山,温敏霞,等.路域土壤重金属含量空间变异的影响因子[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(2):253-260.
[10] 张珍明,林绍霞,张清海,等.不同土地利用方式下草海高原湿地土壤碳、氮、磷分布特征[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(6):199-204.
[11] 贾亚男,袁道先.不同土地利用方式对贵州岩溶土壤微量重金属元素含量的影响[J].土壤通报,2007,38(6):1174-1177.
[12] 中国环境监测总站.中国土壤元素背景值[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.
[13] 张珍明,林绍霞,张清海,等.草海湖湿地重金属分布特征及污染负荷[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(2):279-284.
[14] 李晓燕,刘艳青.我国城市不同功能区地表灰尘重金属分布及来源[J].环境科学,2013,34(9):3648-3653.
[15] JU X T,KOU C L,CHRISTIE P,et al.Changes in the soil environment from excessive application of fertilizers and manures to two contrasting intensive cropping systems on the North China Plain[J].Environ Pollut,2007,145(2):497-506.
[16] 王美,李书田.肥料重金属含量状况及施肥对土壤和作物重金属富集的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014(2):466-480.
[17] 黄绍文,唐继伟,李春花.不同栽培方式菜田耕层土壤重金属状况[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(3):707-718.
[18] 杨艳芳,邵婷,吕梦宇,等.龙窝湖湿地不同土地利用方式土壤养分和重金属污染特征[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(5):1312-1318.
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