2018年西安市春节期间重污染过程分析
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摘要
对2018年西安市春节的污染过程、污染来源、不利气象条件及烟花爆竹对PM_(2.5)的贡献4个方面进行分析。结果显示,在该污染过程的污染快速增长期,PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_2和NO_2浓度峰值分别是污染前期浓度的3.56、1.74、2.28和1.81倍;排放源主要为燃放烟花爆竹,对PM_(2.5)的贡献率为50%以上;不利气象条件为小风、静稳、高湿、逆温、边界层低、倒槽等。污染持续期的排放源除了烟花爆竹燃放还有其他污染源;不利气象条件除了均压场外,其它与快速增长期相似。
It was analyzed that the pollution process,pollution sources,unfavorable meteorological conditions and the contribution of fireworks to PM_(2.5) in the Spring Festival of Xi'an in 2018.The results showed that the peak concentrations of PM_(2.5),PM_(10),SO_2 and NO_2 in rapid growth period were 3.56,1.74,2.28 and 1.81 times of those in the early stage of pollution process,respectively.The main sources of emission were firecrackers discharge,of which the contribution rate to PM_(2.5) was over 50%.The unfavorable weather conditions mainly included small wind,static stability,high humidity,temperature inversion,low boundary layer,trough etc.Besides firecrackers discharge,there were still other sources of pollution during the pollution period.The adverse weather conditions were similar to those of rapid growth period except for uniform pressure field.
It was analyzed that the pollution process,pollution sources,unfavorable meteorological conditions and the contribution of fireworks to PM_(2.5) in the Spring Festival of Xi'an in 2018.The results showed that the peak concentrations of PM_(2.5),PM_(10),SO_2 and NO_2 in rapid growth period were 3.56,1.74,2.28 and 1.81 times of those in the early stage of pollution process,respectively.The main sources of emission were firecrackers discharge,of which the contribution rate to PM_(2.5) was over 50%.The unfavorable weather conditions mainly included small wind,static stability,high humidity,temperature inversion,low boundary layer,trough etc.Besides firecrackers discharge,there were still other sources of pollution during the pollution period.The adverse weather conditions were similar to those of rapid growth period except for uniform pressure field.
引文
[1]赵辉.西安市春节期间燃放烟花爆竹的环境污染研究[D].西安:西北大学,2012.
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[2]元洁,张赞.天津市中心城区春节期间环境空气污染变化特征[C]//中国环境科学学会.2009年中国环境科学学会学术年会论文集.北京,2009:795-800.
[3]赵伟,范绍佳,谢文彰,等.烟花燃放对珠三角地区春节期间空气质量的影响[J].环境科学,2015,36(12):4359-4364.
[4]康晖,朱彬,王红磊,等.长三角典型站点冬季大气PM2.5中OC、EC污染特征[J].环境科学,2018,39(3):961-971.
[5]王哲,王自发,郑海涛,等.一种评估烟花爆竹燃放对大气PM2.5影响的新方法[J].中国环境监测,2014,30(3):31-36.