黄土高原生态修复衍生产业的生产效率研究——以延安市苹果产业为例
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摘要
以延安市为例,构建以生态环境、社会经济、生态治理和产业发展组成的延安苹果生产效率驱动体系,通过通径分析,研究1994—2015年苹果生产效率及其驱动因素、各子系统特征及其交互影响。结果表明:①延安苹果生产效率整体呈上升趋势,4个子系统增幅为:产业发展>生态治理>社会经济>生态环境。②产业发展与社会经济相关性最大,社会经济与生态环境无显著相关,各子系统与苹果生产效率相关性为:社会经济>产业发展>生态治理>生态环境。③苹果生产效率的直接驱动因素为社会经济,产业发展、生态环境和生态治理主要呈现为间接作用。通过加强生态治理投入、农民培训、品种改良建立自主性合作社及新型产业化模式,促进苹果产业发展。
Taking Yan'an City as an example,this paper constructed a driving system for Yan'an apple production efficiency from ecological environment,social economy,ecological governance and industrial development subsystem. The apple production efficiency and its driving factors,the characteristics of each subsystem and the interaction effects were studied from 1994 to 2015 by the path analysis. The results showed that:①Yan'an apple production efficiency took an overall upward trend. The increase of four drive subsystems was: Industrial development > ecological governance > social economy > ecological environment.②Industrial development had the greatest correlation with social economy,and social economy and ecological environment were not significantly related. The correlation between each subsystem and apple production efficiency was: Social economy > industrial development > ecological governance > ecological environment.③The direct driving factors of apple production efficiency were social economy and industrial development. Ecological environment and ecological governance were mainly indirect effects. Thus to promote the development of the apple industry by strengthening the ecological management investment,farmer training,variety improvement,establishing autonomous cooperative and new industrialization models.
Taking Yan'an City as an example,this paper constructed a driving system for Yan'an apple production efficiency from ecological environment,social economy,ecological governance and industrial development subsystem. The apple production efficiency and its driving factors,the characteristics of each subsystem and the interaction effects were studied from 1994 to 2015 by the path analysis. The results showed that:①Yan'an apple production efficiency took an overall upward trend. The increase of four drive subsystems was: Industrial development > ecological governance > social economy > ecological environment.②Industrial development had the greatest correlation with social economy,and social economy and ecological environment were not significantly related. The correlation between each subsystem and apple production efficiency was: Social economy > industrial development > ecological governance > ecological environment.③The direct driving factors of apple production efficiency were social economy and industrial development. Ecological environment and ecological governance were mainly indirect effects. Thus to promote the development of the apple industry by strengthening the ecological management investment,farmer training,variety improvement,establishing autonomous cooperative and new industrialization models.
引文
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[2]刘国彬,上官周平,姚文艺,等.黄土高原生态工程的生态成效[J].中国科学院院刊,2017,32(1)∶11-19.
[3]朱智勇,解建仓,宋丽娜,等.黄土高原生态治理效益评价[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2009,40(3)∶344-348.
[4]贾晓娟,常庆瑞,薛阿亮,等.黄土高原丘陵沟壑区退耕还林生态效应评价[J].水土保持通报,2008,28(3)∶182-185.
[5]徐玉霞.关中地区退耕还林综合效益的评价[J].贵州农业科学,2017,45(7)∶159-162.
[6]于秋莉.城市生态产业发展研究——以敦煌市为例[D].兰州:兰州大学硕士学位论文,2014.
[7]王广成,王欢欢,谭玲玲.矿区生态产业评价指标体系[J].生态学报,2013,33(14)∶4515-4521.
[8]赖熹姬.江西省生态产业发展研究[D].南昌:南昌大学硕士学位论文,2014.
[9]孙丽文,杜娟.基于熵权TOPSIS法的京津冀生态产业系统发展环境评价研究[J].天津大学学报,2016,18(5)∶412-417.
[10]Li Wenbo. Comprehensive Eevaluation Research on Circular Economic Performance of Eco-industrial Parks[J]. Energy Procedia,2011,(5)∶1682-1688.
[11]齐宇,李慧明,王军锋.日本发展生态产业的动因分析[J].现代日本经济,2008,(2)∶10-14.
[12]于林霞,张波,白秀广.黄土高原区苹果生产技术效率及其影响因素研究——基于528户苹果种植户的调查数据[J].干旱区资源与环境,2018,32(4)∶68-74.
[13]强艳玉,乔志霞,陈耀.甘肃苹果产业生产效率测算与发展对策[J].甘肃科技,2017,33(18)∶6-8.
[14]石会娟,王俊芹,王余丁.基于DEA的河北省苹果产业生产效率的实证研究[J].农业技术经济,2011(10)∶86-91.
[15]杨浩然,刘悦.中国小麦和苹果生产的成本效率分析[J].农业经济问题,2016,37(1)∶16-25,110.
[16]王玺,蒋建兵,王芸芸.山西省苹果种植农户技术效率实证分析[J].山西农业科学,2014,42(1)∶82-86.
[17]霍学喜,侯建昀.中国苹果生产技术效率与要素产出弹性分析——以陕西、山西、甘肃10个苹果重点县苹果种植户为例[J].西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版),2012,12(6)∶75-80.
[18]肖翠仙,唐善茂.城市低碳经济评价指标体系研究[J].生态经济,2011,(1)∶45-48,57.
[19]赵峰娟,王艳杰,姜志德.县级核桃产业发展评价体系及其应用[J].林业经济问题,2010,30(5)∶447-451.
[20]付莲莲,邓群钊.农产品价格波动影响因素的通径分析——基于2000—2013年月度数据[J].经济经纬,2014,31(6)∶29-34.
[21]黄海啸.中美农村合作社的比较研究[J].山东社会科学,2009,(9)∶94-95.