混合骨料级配对充填料浆离析的影响
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摘要
针对金川矿山废石-棒磨砂混合骨料充填料浆存在的离析问题,通过优化混合骨料级配来控制料浆的离析率。首先,对充填骨料进行物化分析及级配分析,通过堆积密实度试验确定混合骨料配比,以WeyMouth粒子干涉理论为基础设计8种级配的混合骨料,并以此进行料浆离析试验;其次,基于Fuller公式建立混合骨料粒径连续分布模型,结合统计学基本原理建立平均粒径和粒径分散系数2个级配表征参数。然后,根据离析试验结果,以屈服应力为条件,确定混合骨料平均粒径和粒径分散系数。最后,以金川矿山充填材料进行验证试验。研究结果表明:在废石与棒磨砂质量比为7:3,屈服应力为50～60 Pa条件下,满足混合骨料高浓度料浆管道自流输送的离析率为16.76%～21.55%,由此确定混合骨料的平均粒径为4.99～5.39 mm,粒径分散系数为1.42～1.45。当料浆质量分数为80%时,级配T1和T2的离析率分别为16.38%和17.04%,与界定值16.76%～21.55%相比较,相对误差分别为1.17%和2.28%,说明确定的混合骨料级配参数范围具有一定的可靠性。
In order to solve the problem of segregation in the mixed aggregate filling slurry of Jinchuan mine waste rock and sanding, the segregation of slurry was controlled by optimizing the particle size distribution of mixed aggregate. Firstly, the physicochemical analysis and gradation analysis of filling aggregate were carried out,and the mixture ratio was determined by packing density test. Based on Wey-Mouth particle interference theory,eight kinds of graded aggregate were designed and used for slurry segregation test. Secondly, the continuous distribution model of aggregate particle size was established based on Fuller formula. Based on the basic principles of statistics, two grading parameters of average particle size and particle dispersion coefficient were established. Then, according to the segregation test results, the average particle size and particle size dispersion coefficient of the aggregate mixture under the condition of yield stress were determined. Finally, the Jinchuan mine filling material was used for the verification test. The results show that the mixture ratio of the mixed aggregate is 7:3. With the yield stress of 50-60 Pa, the segregation rate of the self-conveyed slurry meeting the high-concentration slurry pipeline of mixed aggregate is 16.76%-21.55%. The average particle size of the material is 4.99-5.39 mm, and the particle size dispersion coefficient is 1.42-1.45. The segregation rates of gradation T1 and T2 at the 80% slurry mass fraction are 16.38% and 17.04%, respectively. Compared with the defined 16.76%to 21.55%, the relative errors are 1.17% and 2.28%, respectively, which shows that the range of aggregate gradation parameter determined by the study has a certain reliability.
In order to solve the problem of segregation in the mixed aggregate filling slurry of Jinchuan mine waste rock and sanding, the segregation of slurry was controlled by optimizing the particle size distribution of mixed aggregate. Firstly, the physicochemical analysis and gradation analysis of filling aggregate were carried out,and the mixture ratio was determined by packing density test. Based on Wey-Mouth particle interference theory,eight kinds of graded aggregate were designed and used for slurry segregation test. Secondly, the continuous distribution model of aggregate particle size was established based on Fuller formula. Based on the basic principles of statistics, two grading parameters of average particle size and particle dispersion coefficient were established. Then, according to the segregation test results, the average particle size and particle size dispersion coefficient of the aggregate mixture under the condition of yield stress were determined. Finally, the Jinchuan mine filling material was used for the verification test. The results show that the mixture ratio of the mixed aggregate is 7:3. With the yield stress of 50-60 Pa, the segregation rate of the self-conveyed slurry meeting the high-concentration slurry pipeline of mixed aggregate is 16.76%-21.55%. The average particle size of the material is 4.99-5.39 mm, and the particle size dispersion coefficient is 1.42-1.45. The segregation rates of gradation T1 and T2 at the 80% slurry mass fraction are 16.38% and 17.04%, respectively. Compared with the defined 16.76%to 21.55%, the relative errors are 1.17% and 2.28%, respectively, which shows that the range of aggregate gradation parameter determined by the study has a certain reliability.
引文
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[11]许文远,杨小聪,郭利杰.充填体不均匀性相似模拟实验研究[J].金属矿山, 2011(5):18-22, 69.XU Wenyuan, YANG Xiaocong, GUO Lijie. Experimental research on inhomogeneous simulation of fill-body[J]. Metal Mine, 2011(5):18-22, 69.
[12]杨志强,高谦,王永前,等.废石尾砂混合料浆流变特性及充填采场流动性试验[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2017, 56(2):294-299.YANG Zhiqiang, GAO Qian, WANG Yongqian, et al. Test study on rheological characteristics for mixed filling slurry including waste rock and tailings and its liquidity in the stope[J]. Journal of Xiamen University(Natural Science), 2017, 56(2):294-299.
[13] ASTM C125-13. Standard terminology relating to concrete and concrete aggregates[S].
[14]李昌宁.非均匀矿岩散体流动规律及其应用研究[D].沈阳:东北大学资源与土木工程学院, 2000:62-65.LI Changning. Study on flow law and application of heterogeneous ore and rock bulk[D]. Shenyang:School of Resource and Civil Engineering. Northeastern University,2000:62-65.
[15]包秀宁,张肖宁,吴旷怀,等.级配对矿质颗粒体离析的影响研究及应用[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 48(6):48-53.BAO Xiuning, ZHANG Xiaoning, WU Kuanghuai, et al.Research and application of the gradation impact on mineral granular masses segregation[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni, 2009, 48(6):48-53.
[16]付自国,乔登攀,郭忠林,等.基于RSM-BBD的废石-风砂胶结体配合比与强度试验研究[J].煤炭学报, 2018, 43(3):694-703.FU Ziguo, QIAO Dengpan, GUO Zhonglin, et al.Experimental research on mixture proportion and strength of cemented hydraulic fill with waste rock and eolian sand based on RSM-BBD[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2018, 43(3):694-703.
[17]姚维信.矿山粗骨料高浓度充填理论研究与应用[D].昆明:昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院, 2011:62-72.YAO Weixin. Theoretical study and application of high concentration filling of coarse aggregate in mine[D].Kunming:School of Land Resource Engineering. Kunming University of Science and Technology, 2011:62-72.
[18] BERIS A N, TSAMOPOULOS J A, ARMSTRONG R C,et al. Creeping motion of a sphere through a Bingham plastic[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1985, 158:219-244.
[19] TREGGER N, GREGORI A, FERRARA L, et al.Correlating dynamic segregation of self-consolidating concrete to the slump-flow test[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2012, 28(1):499-505.
[20] CCES 02—2004.自密实混凝土设计与施工指南[S].CCES 02—2004. Guide to design and construction of selfcompacting concrete[S].
[21]中国工程院土木水利与建筑学部.混凝土结构耐久性设计与施工指南[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2004:12-50.Ministry of Civil and hydraulic and Architecture, Chinese Academy of Engineering. Guide to durability design and construction of reinforced structures[M]. Beijing:China Construction Industry Press, 2004:12-50.
[22]张修香.矿山废石-尾砂高浓度充填料浆的流变特性及多因素影响规律研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院, 2016:43-47.ZHANG Xiuxiang. Study on rheological characteristics and multi factors influencing laws of high concentration filling slurry from mine waste rock and tail sand[D]. Kunming:School of Land Resource Engineering. Kunming University of Science and Technology, 2016:43-47.
[23]王有团.金川低成本充填胶凝材料及高浓度料浆管输特性研究[D].北京:北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院, 2015:30-37.WANG Youtuan. Study on low-cost cementitious materials and pipeline transportation characteristics of high-density slurry in Jinchuan nickel mine[D]. Beijing:School of Civil and Resource Engineering. University of Science and Technology Beijing, 2015:30-37.
[24]杨志强,陈得信,高谦,等.粗骨料充填料浆长距离管道输送关键技术[J].广西大学学报(自然科学版), 2016, 41(4):1306-1312.YANG Zhiqiang, CHEN Dexin, GAO Qian, et al. Key technologies in long-distance pipeline transportation of filling slurry of coarse aggregate[J]. Journal of Guangxi University(Natural Science Edition), 2016, 41(4):1306-1312.
[2]杨志强,高谦,王永前,等.金川全尾砂-棒磨砂混合充填料胶砂强度与料浆流变特性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014, 33(S2):3985-3991.YANG Zhiqiang, GAO Qian, WANG Yongqian, et al.Research on filling body strength and rheological properties of mixed filling mortar with unclassified tailings and rod milling sand in Jinchuan mine[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2014, 33(S2):3985-3991.
[3]王建栋,吴爱祥,王贻明,等.粗骨料膏体抗离析性能评价模型与实验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报, 2016, 45(5):866-872.WANG Jiandong, WU Aixiang, WANG Yiming, et al.Evaluation model and experimental study for segregation resistance of paste with coarse aggregate[J]. Journal of China University of Mining&Technology, 2016, 45(5):866-872.
[4] SANTOS A C P, ORTIZ-LOZANO J A, VILLEGAS N, et al.Experimental study about the effects of granular skeleton distribution on the mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete(SCC)[J]. Construction and Building Materials,2015, 78:40-49.
[5] WESTERHOLM M, LAGERBLAD B, SILFWERBRAND J, et al. Influence of fine aggregate characteristics on the rheological properties of mortars[J]. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2008, 30(4):274-282.
[6] SUN Keke, ZHOU Xiangming, GONG Chenchen, et al.Influence of paste thickness on coated aggregates on properties of high-density sulphoaluminate cement concrete[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2016, 115:125-131.
[7] WANG Xuhao, WANG Kejin, TAYLOR P, et al. Assessing particle packing based self-consolidating concrete mix design method[J]. Construction and Building Materials,2014, 70:439-452.
[8]张爱勤.泰波理论在矿料级配设计中的应用[J].山东建材学院学报, 2000, 14(2):141-142, 145.ZHANG Aiqin. Application of Talbol's theory in grading design of sand and crushed rock mixture[J]. Journal of Shandong Institute of Building Materials, 2000, 14(2):141-142, 145.
[9]彭浩.基于骨料级配优化的混凝土配合比设计方法研究[D].北京:北京建筑大学土木与交通工程学院, 2014:5-6.PENG Hao. Research on concrete mixture design method based on aggregate gradation optimum[D]. Beijing:Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture. School of Civil and Transportation Engineering,2014:5-6.
[10]李洋.煤矿充填离析规律与充填体合理强度设计[D].青岛:青岛理工大学理学院, 2014:40-44.LI Yang. Mine filling segregation law and reasonable design of filling body strength[D]. Qingdao:School of Science.Qingdao Technology University, 2014:40-44.
[11]许文远,杨小聪,郭利杰.充填体不均匀性相似模拟实验研究[J].金属矿山, 2011(5):18-22, 69.XU Wenyuan, YANG Xiaocong, GUO Lijie. Experimental research on inhomogeneous simulation of fill-body[J]. Metal Mine, 2011(5):18-22, 69.
[12]杨志强,高谦,王永前,等.废石尾砂混合料浆流变特性及充填采场流动性试验[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),2017, 56(2):294-299.YANG Zhiqiang, GAO Qian, WANG Yongqian, et al. Test study on rheological characteristics for mixed filling slurry including waste rock and tailings and its liquidity in the stope[J]. Journal of Xiamen University(Natural Science), 2017, 56(2):294-299.
[13] ASTM C125-13. Standard terminology relating to concrete and concrete aggregates[S].
[14]李昌宁.非均匀矿岩散体流动规律及其应用研究[D].沈阳:东北大学资源与土木工程学院, 2000:62-65.LI Changning. Study on flow law and application of heterogeneous ore and rock bulk[D]. Shenyang:School of Resource and Civil Engineering. Northeastern University,2000:62-65.
[15]包秀宁,张肖宁,吴旷怀,等.级配对矿质颗粒体离析的影响研究及应用[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 48(6):48-53.BAO Xiuning, ZHANG Xiaoning, WU Kuanghuai, et al.Research and application of the gradation impact on mineral granular masses segregation[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni, 2009, 48(6):48-53.
[16]付自国,乔登攀,郭忠林,等.基于RSM-BBD的废石-风砂胶结体配合比与强度试验研究[J].煤炭学报, 2018, 43(3):694-703.FU Ziguo, QIAO Dengpan, GUO Zhonglin, et al.Experimental research on mixture proportion and strength of cemented hydraulic fill with waste rock and eolian sand based on RSM-BBD[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2018, 43(3):694-703.
[17]姚维信.矿山粗骨料高浓度充填理论研究与应用[D].昆明:昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院, 2011:62-72.YAO Weixin. Theoretical study and application of high concentration filling of coarse aggregate in mine[D].Kunming:School of Land Resource Engineering. Kunming University of Science and Technology, 2011:62-72.
[18] BERIS A N, TSAMOPOULOS J A, ARMSTRONG R C,et al. Creeping motion of a sphere through a Bingham plastic[J]. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1985, 158:219-244.
[19] TREGGER N, GREGORI A, FERRARA L, et al.Correlating dynamic segregation of self-consolidating concrete to the slump-flow test[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2012, 28(1):499-505.
[20] CCES 02—2004.自密实混凝土设计与施工指南[S].CCES 02—2004. Guide to design and construction of selfcompacting concrete[S].
[21]中国工程院土木水利与建筑学部.混凝土结构耐久性设计与施工指南[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2004:12-50.Ministry of Civil and hydraulic and Architecture, Chinese Academy of Engineering. Guide to durability design and construction of reinforced structures[M]. Beijing:China Construction Industry Press, 2004:12-50.
[22]张修香.矿山废石-尾砂高浓度充填料浆的流变特性及多因素影响规律研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院, 2016:43-47.ZHANG Xiuxiang. Study on rheological characteristics and multi factors influencing laws of high concentration filling slurry from mine waste rock and tail sand[D]. Kunming:School of Land Resource Engineering. Kunming University of Science and Technology, 2016:43-47.
[23]王有团.金川低成本充填胶凝材料及高浓度料浆管输特性研究[D].北京:北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院, 2015:30-37.WANG Youtuan. Study on low-cost cementitious materials and pipeline transportation characteristics of high-density slurry in Jinchuan nickel mine[D]. Beijing:School of Civil and Resource Engineering. University of Science and Technology Beijing, 2015:30-37.
[24]杨志强,陈得信,高谦,等.粗骨料充填料浆长距离管道输送关键技术[J].广西大学学报(自然科学版), 2016, 41(4):1306-1312.YANG Zhiqiang, CHEN Dexin, GAO Qian, et al. Key technologies in long-distance pipeline transportation of filling slurry of coarse aggregate[J]. Journal of Guangxi University(Natural Science Edition), 2016, 41(4):1306-1312.