耕地质量遥感综合评价方法及应用——以衡水市安平县为例
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摘要
耕地是农业生产的重要生产资料,其质量关系到我国的粮食安全,以及社会经济稳定与可持续发展。将遥感技术引入到耕地质量评价中,可使耕地评价工作更加科学与客观。运用卫星遥感技术获取遥感影像,并获取研究区域内100个样本点的氮、磷、钾和有机质含量。通过对研究区域内耕地养分质量和耕地生产力质量进行评价,构建耕地综合遥感监测评价模型,实现耕地质量综合评价。运用该模型对衡水市安平县冬小麦-夏玉米轮作区的耕地质量进行了综合评价。评价结果表明:安平县一等和二等耕地数量较少,且分布零散,主要集中在研究区域的西南部、东北部和北部地区;三等和四等耕地数量较多,分布相对广泛,这些耕地土壤环境质量较差,中低产田仍然存在,在未开发利用的土地中存在一定面积的盐碱地。根据评价结果及研究区域的土壤特点,提出了完善灌溉系统建设、加强土壤培肥措施实施的建议,以提高土壤肥力,保证小麦生产的顺利进行。
Cultivated land is the important means of in agricultural production,and its quality is related to food security of our country,as well as the social and economic stability and sustainable development. The introduction of remote sensing technology to the evaluation of cultivated land quality can make the evaluation more scientific and objective. Satellite remote sensing technology was used to obtain remote sensing images, and the contents of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and organic matter in 100 sample sites were obtained. By evaluating the quality of cultivated land nutrient and productivity in the study area, the comprehensive remote sensing monitoring and evaluation model of cultivated land was established to realize the comprehensive evaluation of cultivated land quality. The model was used to evaluate the cultivated land quality of winter wheat-summer maize rotation area in Anping County,Hengshui City. The evaluation results showed that the first-class and second-class cultivated land in Anping County were fewer and scattered,mainly concentrated in the southwest, northeast and northern areas of Anping. The third-class and fourth-class cultivated land were more and widely distributed. The soil environment quality of these cultivated land was poor,the middle and low yield fields still existd,and there was a certain area of saline-alkali land in the undeveloped land. Based on the evaluation results and the soil characteristics of the study area,suggestions were put forward to improve the construction of irrigation system and strengthen the implementation of soil fertility measures in order to improve soil fertility and ensure the smooth of wheat production.
Cultivated land is the important means of in agricultural production,and its quality is related to food security of our country,as well as the social and economic stability and sustainable development. The introduction of remote sensing technology to the evaluation of cultivated land quality can make the evaluation more scientific and objective. Satellite remote sensing technology was used to obtain remote sensing images, and the contents of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and organic matter in 100 sample sites were obtained. By evaluating the quality of cultivated land nutrient and productivity in the study area, the comprehensive remote sensing monitoring and evaluation model of cultivated land was established to realize the comprehensive evaluation of cultivated land quality. The model was used to evaluate the cultivated land quality of winter wheat-summer maize rotation area in Anping County,Hengshui City. The evaluation results showed that the first-class and second-class cultivated land in Anping County were fewer and scattered,mainly concentrated in the southwest, northeast and northern areas of Anping. The third-class and fourth-class cultivated land were more and widely distributed. The soil environment quality of these cultivated land was poor,the middle and low yield fields still existd,and there was a certain area of saline-alkali land in the undeveloped land. Based on the evaluation results and the soil characteristics of the study area,suggestions were put forward to improve the construction of irrigation system and strengthen the implementation of soil fertility measures in order to improve soil fertility and ensure the smooth of wheat production.
引文
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[15]向习军,吴跃明,王建平,黄文洪,李金娟,龚滇鹏,王冬和.测土配方施肥技术研究与应用[J].湖南农业科学,2006,(3):73-74,76.
[16]张玉铭,毛任钊,胡春胜,张佳宝,朱安宁.太行山前平原土壤养分分布特征与肥料精准管理研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2005,(4):116-120.
[17]方秀琴,张万昌.叶面积指数(LAI)的遥感定量方法综述[J].国土资源遥感,2003,(3):58-62.
[2]刘轲,周清波,吴文斌,陈仲新,唐华俊.基于多光谱与高光谱遥感数据的冬小麦叶面积指数反演比较[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(3):155-162.
[3]史舟,梁宗正,杨媛媛,郭燕.农业遥感研究现状与展望[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(2):247-260.
[4]田红卫,李月华,丁月芬,赵锁辉,许永红,马吉利,张广辉.冀中南麦田土壤水分变化规律研究[J].河北农业科学,2014,18(3):57-59,104.
[5]雷宝佳,杨联安,于占超,王安乐,蒋好忱. WebGIS技术在测土配方施肥中的应用[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2014,37(3):81-83,87.
[6]梁栋,管青松,黄文江,黄林生,杨贵军.基于支持向量机回归的冬小麦叶面积指数遥感反演[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(7):117-123.
[7]冯向阳,孟祥婵.县域测土配方施肥指标体系参数分析建立与应用[J].河北农业科学,2012,16(3):56-59.
[8]杨军芳,周晓芬,孙丽敏,冯伟,杜金钟,崔瑞秀,孙苏卿.太行山前平原小麦/玉米轮作土壤养分状况与农田氮、磷、钾平衡分析[J].华北农学报,2011,26(6):181-188.
[9]杨军芳,冯伟,周晓芬,梁玉芹,贾良良,王朋峰,刘孟朝.河北省太行山前平原轮作小麦/玉米化肥施用现状调查与分析[J].河北农业科学,2011,15(12):21-27.
[10]冯伟,姚霞,朱艳,田永超,曹卫星.基于高光谱遥感的小麦叶片含氮量监测模型研究[J].麦类作物学报,2008,(5):851-860.
[11]高艳霞,王建,徐东瑞.石家庄市城乡交错带土壤养分空间特征分析[J].河北农业科学,2008,(4):49-51.
[12]李卫国,赵春江,王纪华,刘良云,宋晓宇.基于卫星遥感的冬小麦拔节期长势监测[J].麦类作物学报,2007,(3):523-527.
[13]吕端春,方向前,赵凤琴,陈辖,柴寿江,付稀厚,李桂梅,李忠芹,郑军虎,郑在环,李伟堂,边少锋.测土配方施肥技术提高化肥利用率的探讨[J].河北农业科学,2007,11(2):73-74,85.
[14]蒙继华,吴炳方,李强子.全国农作物叶面积指数遥感估算方法[J].农业工程学报,2007,(2):160-167.
[15]向习军,吴跃明,王建平,黄文洪,李金娟,龚滇鹏,王冬和.测土配方施肥技术研究与应用[J].湖南农业科学,2006,(3):73-74,76.
[16]张玉铭,毛任钊,胡春胜,张佳宝,朱安宁.太行山前平原土壤养分分布特征与肥料精准管理研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2005,(4):116-120.
[17]方秀琴,张万昌.叶面积指数(LAI)的遥感定量方法综述[J].国土资源遥感,2003,(3):58-62.