三峡水库蓄水初期沉积物有机碳的分布特征
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摘要
三峡水库建成后,库区水体流速减慢,导致大量泥沙淤积,为揭示其沉积物总有机碳(TOC)分布特征,分别在干、支流设置8个和9个监测断面获取沉积物柱状样,以2cm为间隔,在室内进行了粒度分析和总有机碳(TOC)含量测定.结果表明,干流总有机碳(TOC)含量最大值出现在磨刀溪断面,最小值出现在云阳断面,分别为1.05%、0.72%,总体上,干流总有机碳(TOC)含量沿程波动较大,无明显变化规律,说明沿程水动力条件复杂;支流从上游到河口处,总有机碳(TOC)含量基本呈现递减的趋势.在垂向上,不同区域总有机碳(TOC)含量随深度的变化无明显的规律.此外,干流沉积物中总有机碳(TOC)含量与黏土含量呈正相关关系,另外,支流沉积物中总有机碳(TOC)含量与细粉砂含量表现为极显著正相关关系,由于激光粒度仪测试沉积物的结果通常是细粒组分偏粗,所以三峡水库沉积物中TOC含量受粒径较小的物质影响显著.
In order to reveal the distribution characteristics of total organic carbon(TOC)in the sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir,8 and 9 monitoring sections were set up to obtain the columnar sediment samples.Particle size analysis and the TOC content determination were carried out indoors at intervals of 2 cm.Laboratory analysis results show that the main content of TOC maximum value appeared in the Yangtze River Modaoxi,the minimum value appeared in Yunyang,were 1.05%,0.72%,on the whole,the mainstream TOC content along the fluctuations,no significant changes in the law,that along the complicated hydrodynamic conditions;tributaries from the upper reaches to the mouth,TOC content showed the trend of decline.In vertical direction,there is no obvious change of TOC content with depth in different areas.In addition,the content of TOC and clay river sediments showed significant positive correlation between TOC content and fine sand content in the tributary showed a very significant positive correlation between the sediments with laser particle size analyzer is usually the result of fine coarse components;so the content of TOC in Three Gorges Reservoir Sediments by the smaller size of the material effect significant.
In order to reveal the distribution characteristics of total organic carbon(TOC)in the sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir,8 and 9 monitoring sections were set up to obtain the columnar sediment samples.Particle size analysis and the TOC content determination were carried out indoors at intervals of 2 cm.Laboratory analysis results show that the main content of TOC maximum value appeared in the Yangtze River Modaoxi,the minimum value appeared in Yunyang,were 1.05%,0.72%,on the whole,the mainstream TOC content along the fluctuations,no significant changes in the law,that along the complicated hydrodynamic conditions;tributaries from the upper reaches to the mouth,TOC content showed the trend of decline.In vertical direction,there is no obvious change of TOC content with depth in different areas.In addition,the content of TOC and clay river sediments showed significant positive correlation between TOC content and fine sand content in the tributary showed a very significant positive correlation between the sediments with laser particle size analyzer is usually the result of fine coarse components;so the content of TOC in Three Gorges Reservoir Sediments by the smaller size of the material effect significant.
引文
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[2]Cao C J,Qin Y W,Zheng B H,et al.Analysis of Phosphorus Distribution Characters and Their Sources of the Major Input Rivers of Three Gorges Reservoir〗[J].Environmental Science,2008,29(2):310-315.
[3]兰峰.三峡工程蓄水前后库区河流水质变化分析[J].人民长江,2008,39(1):7-8.
[4]万国江,唐德贵,吴丰昌,等.湖泊水-沉积物碳系统研究新进展[J].地质地球化学,1996,24(2):1-4.
[5]Dean Walter E,Gorham Eville.Magnitude and Significance of Carbon Burial in Lakes,Reservoirs,and Peatlands[J].Geology,1998,26(6):535.
[6]杨剑虹,王成林,代亨林.土壤农化分析与环境监测[M].北京:中国大地出版社,2008.
[7]陈敬安,D.D.ZHANG.湖泊现代沉积物碳环境记录研究[J].中国科学:地球科学,2002,32(1):73-80.
[8]周小飞.官厅水库底泥污染分析、评价与控制研究[D].海口:华南热带农业大学,2002.
[9]黄真理.三峡水库水质预测和环境容量计算[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006.
[10]黎国有,肖尚斌,王雨春,等.三峡水库干流沉积物的粒度分布与矿物组成特征[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2012,34(1):9-13.
[11]王雨春,黄荣贵,万国江.SWB-1型便携式湖泊沉积物─界面水取样器的研制[J].地质地球化学,1998,26(1):94-96.
[12]牛凤霞.三峡水库香溪河库湾内源磷负荷研究[D].宜昌:三峡大学,2013.
[13]Church Michael,Kellerhals Rolf.On the Statistics of Grain Size Variation Along a Gravel River[J].Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,1978,15(7):1151-1160.
[14]祁占虎,蒋艳春.粒度分析在沉积环境判别中的应用---以鄂尔多斯市杭锦旗塔然高勒地区为例[J].西部资源,2016(1):61-63.
[15]Chen F H,Bloemendal J,Wang J M,et al.High-resolution Multi-proxy Climate Records from Chinese Loess:Evidence for Rapid Climatic Changes Over the Last75Kyr[J].Palaeogeogrpalaeoclimatolpalaeoecol,1997,130(130):323.
[16]Yang S L,Zhang J,Xu X J.Influence of the Three Gorges Dam on Downstream Delivery of Sediment and Its Environmental Implications,Yangtze River[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2007,34(10):L10401.
[17]Koigoora Srikanth,Ahmad Iqbal,Pallela Ramjee,et al.Spatial Variation of Potentially Toxic Elements in Different Grain Size Fractions of Marine Sediments from Gulf of Mannar,India[J].Environmental Monitoring&Assessment,2013,185(9):7581-7589.
[18]Mayer Lawrence M.Surface Area Control of Organic Carbon Accumulation in Continental Shelf Sediments[J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,1994,58(4):1271-1284.
[19]杜德文,石学法,孟宪伟,等.黄海沉积物地球化学的粒度效应[J].海洋科学进展,2003,21(1):78-82.
[20]王君波,鞠建廷,朱立平.两种激光粒度仪测量湖泊沉积物粒度结果的对比[J].湖泊科学,2007,19(5):509-515.
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