威百亩熏蒸对土壤反硝化作用及nirS型反硝化细菌群落结构的影响

详细信息    查看全文 | 推荐本文 |

英文篇名：Influences of fumigation with metham-sodium on soil denitrification and nirS denitrifying bacterial community structure 作者：燕平梅 ; 魏爱丽 ; 乔宏萍 ; 赵文婧 ; 曹坳程 ; 李园 英文作者：Yan Pingmei;Wei Aili;Qiao Hongping;Zhao Wenjing;Cao Aocheng;Li Yuan;Taiyuan Normal University;Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; 关键词：威百亩 ; 土壤熏蒸剂 ; 反硝化作用 ; 变性梯度凝胶电泳 英文关键词：metham-sodium;;soil fumigant;;denitrification;;denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE) 中文刊名：植物保护学报 英文刊名：Journal of Plant Protection 机构：太原师范学院;中国农业科学院植物保护研究所; 出版日期：2019-04-15 出版单位：植物保护学报 年：2019 期：02 基金：国家自然科学基金(40871131);; 山西省重点研发项目(201603D221008-1) 语种：中文; 页：140-147 页数：8 CN：11-1983/S ISSN：0577-7518 分类号：S154.3;S472

摘要

为探究威百亩对土壤反硝化作用的影响及作用机制,采用理化分析和变性梯度凝胶电泳方法分析浓度20、100和500 mg/kg威百亩熏蒸对土壤反硝化作用及nirS型反硝化细菌群落结构的影响。结果显示,威百亩熏蒸处理0、14 d后,500 mg/kg浓度处理的土壤反硝化率为84.64%、90.52%,分别显著低于对照的86.72%和91.87%,100、20 mg/kg浓度处理的土壤反硝化率与对照均无显著差异;熏蒸处理28、56和84 d后,4个处理的土壤反硝化率均无显著差异。与对照相比,3个浓度威百亩熏蒸处理0、14、28、56和84 d后的土壤nirS型反硝化细菌群落的多样性指数和均匀度指数均差异不显著。除56 d外,20 mg/kg浓度熏蒸处理0、14、28和84 d的土壤细菌群落丰富度指数分别为8.77、14.77、9.77和8.75,均显著低于对照;100 mg/kg浓度熏蒸处理0、14和28 d后的土壤细菌群落丰富度指数分别为10.76、6.77和10.78,显著低于对照,而处理56、84 d后,土壤细菌群落丰富度指数与对照无显著差异。500 mg/kg浓度威百亩熏蒸处理后,土壤反硝化作用在熏蒸后0～14 d受到抑制,28 d后土壤反硝化作用自然恢复;土壤细菌群落丰富度指数无论熏蒸初期或后期与均对照差异不显著。威百亩对土壤反硝化强度的影响与nirS型硝化细菌群落结构变化无关,说明nirS型反硝化细菌在土壤反硝化作用中不起主要作用。
        To explore the impact and mechanism of soil fumigants on soil denitrification, physicochemical analysis and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE) were performed to investigate the effects of fumigant metham-sodium with different doses at 20, 100 and 500 mg/kg on soil denitrification and the structure of nirS bacteria community. The results showed that at 0 d and 14 d after the methamsodium fumigation treatment, soil denitrification rate with the 500 mg/kg treatment was 84.64% and90.52%, respectively, significantly lower than those of the control group(86.72% and 91.87%). Compared with the control group, soil denitrification rate with the 100 and 20 mg/kg treatment was not significantly different. At 28, 56, 84 d after fumigation treatment, there were no significant difference between the denitrification rates of four treatments. Compared with cotrol group, the diversity indexes and evenness indexes of nirS bacteria at 0, 14, 28, 56 and 84 d after fumigation treatments with 20, 100 and500 mg/kg were not significantly different. Except for 56 d, the bacterial community richness index at 0, 14, 28 and 84 d after 20 mg/kg fumigation were 8.77, 14.77, 9.77 and 8.75, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of the control group, the bacterial community richness index at 0, 14 and 28 d after 100 mg/kg fumigation were 10.76, 6.77 and 10.78, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of the control group, and there was no significant difference in the bacterial community richness index between the treated soil and the control group at 56 and 84 d after fumigation. The results showed that the denitrification was inhibited at 0-14 d after fumigation treatment with 500 mg/kg,and then the soil denitrification was restored at 28 d; the bacterial richness index with 500 mg/kg fumigation treatment had no significant difference in the early or the later periods from that of the control group. The metham-sodium effect on soil denitrification was independent with the changes of nirS bacterial community structure, and the nirS denitrifying bacteria did not play a major role in denitrification in soil.

引文

Bu DX,Zhang C,Zhang X,Cong C,Wang JX.2014.Effects of fumigant metham sodium on soil microbial population and enzyme activities.Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,30(15):227-233(in Chinese)[卜东欣,张超,张鑫,丛聪,王金信.2014.熏蒸剂威百亩对土壤微生物数量和酶活性的影响.中国农学通报,30(15):227-233]
    Chen Z,Chen CL,Qin HL,Wang X,Wu MN,Wei WX.2009.Effect of fertilization on bacterial community,genetic diversity of amoAand nosZ genes in paddy soil.Acta Ecologica Sinica,29(11):6142-6147(in Chinese)[陈哲,陈春兰,秦红灵,王霞,吴敏娜,魏文学.2009.化肥对稻田土壤细菌多样性及硝化、反硝化功能菌组成的影响.生态学报,29(11):6142-6147]
    Gasser JKR,Peachey JE.1964.A note on the effects of some soil sterilants on the mineralization and nitrification of soil nitrogen.Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,15(3):142-146
    Gilreath JP,Motis TN,Santos BM,Mirusso JM,Gilreath PR,Noling JW,Jones JP.2005.Influence of supplementary in-bed chloropicrin application on soilborne pest control in tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum).Crop Protection,24(9):779-784
    Gilreath JP,Santos BM.2004.Herbicide dose and incorporation depth in combination with 1,3-dichloropropene plus chloropicrin for Cyperus rotundus control in tomato and pepper.Crop Protection,23(3):205-210
    Gregory LG,Bond PL,Richardson DJ,Spiro S.2003.Characterization of a nitrate-respiring bacterial community using the nitrate reductase gene(narG)as a functional marker.Microbiology,149(1):229-237
    Hanson BD,Gao S,Gerik JS,Shrestha A,Qin R,McDonald JA.2011.Effects of emission reduction surface seal treatments on pest control with shank-injected 1,3-dichloropropene and chloropicrin.Crop Protection,30(2):203-207
    Li FL,Yu ZN,He SJ.1996.Agricultural microbiology experiment technology.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,pp.99-107(in Chinese)[李阜棣,喻子牛,何绍江.1996.农业微生物学实验技术.北京:中国农业出版社,pp.99-107]
    Li Y,Sun LN,Yang JS,Yang XB,Qu YJ.2010.Microbial communities in heavy metal polluted soils by PCR-DGGE fingerprint.Ecology and Environmental Sciences,19(9):2204-2208(in Chinese)[李晔,孙丽娜,杨继松,杨晓波,曲亚军.2010.基于PCR-DG-GE的重金属污染土壤微生物种群指纹分析.生态环境学报,19(9):2204-2208]
    Li ZG,Luo YM,Teng Y.2008.Soil and environmental microbiology research methods.Beijing:Science Press,pp.78-89(in Chinese)[李振高,骆永明,滕应.2008.土壤与环境微生物研究法.北京:科学出版社,pp.78-89]
    LüWZ,Liu Y,Zhu JL.2008.Analysis of yeast community in oil and wastewater treatment system by PCR-DGGE.Microbiology,35(8):1198-1202(in Chinese)[吕文洲,刘英,朱建林.2008.PCR-DGGE用于油脂废水处理系统中酵母菌群落结构解析.微生物学通报,35(8):1198-1202]
    Minuto A,Gullino ML,Lamberti F,Addabbo TD,Tescari E,Ajwa H,Garibaldi A.2006.Application of an emulsifiable mixture of 1,3-dichloropropene and chloropicrin against root knot nematodes and soilborne fungi for greenhouse tomatoes in Italy.Crop Protection,25(12):1244-1252
    Mo XH,Ma W,Shi RJ,Wang YF,Zhen J,Xu H.2009.Diversity of nirS-type denitrifying bacteria under different nitrogen fertilizer management in wheat soil.Acta Microbiologica Sinica,49(9):1203-1208(in Chinese)[莫旭华,麻威,史荣久,王元芬,郑佳,徐慧.2009.氮肥对小麦田土壤nirS型反硝化细菌多样性的影响.微生物学报,49(9):1203-1208]
    Muyzer G,Waal EC,Uttrlinden AG.1993.Profiling of complex microbial populations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of polymerase chain reaction amplified genes coding for 16SrRNA.Applied and Environmental Microbiology,59(3):695-700
    Roux-michollet D,Czarnes S,Adam B,Berry D,Commeaux C,Guillaumaud N,Le Roux X,Clays-Josserand A.2008.Effects of steam disinfestation on community structure,abundance and activity of heterotrophic,denitrifying and nitrifying bacteria in an organic farming soil.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,40(7):1836-1845
    Rovira AD,Simon A.1985.Growth,nutrition and yield of wheat in calcareous sandy loams of South Australia:effects of soil fumigation,fungicide,nematicide and nitrogen fertilizers.Soil Biology and Biochemistry,17(3):279-284
    Sun JD,Zhao CY,Qu BC,Li SC.2005.Effects of chlorpicrin suffocating on soil microorganisms.Chinese Journal of Soil Science,(2):283-285(in Chinese)[孙军德,赵春燕,曲宝成,李飒铖.2005.氯化苦熏蒸土壤对微生物种群数量的影响.土壤通报,(2):283-285]
    Tanaka S,Kobayashi T,Iwasaki K,Yamane S,Maeda K,Sakurai K.2003.Properties and metabolic diversity of microbial communities in soils treated with steam sterilization compared with methyl bromide and chloropicrin fumigations.Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,49(4):603-610
    Wang WP,Shi YX,Zhao YJ,Xie XW,Chai AL,Li BJ.2017.Effects of soil enviroment on the metam sodium fumigation against cucumber Fusarium wilt.Journal of Plant Protection,44(1):159-167(in Chinese)[王惟萍,石延霞,赵一杰,谢学文,柴阿丽,李宝聚.2017.土壤环境条件对威百亩熏蒸防治黄瓜枯萎病的影响.植物保护学报,44(1):159-167]
    Welsh CE,Guertal EA,Wood CW.1998.Effects of soil fumigation and N source on soil inorganic N and tomato growth.Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,52(1):37-44
    Yamamoto T,Ultra VU,Tanaka S,Sakurai K,Iwasaki K.2008.Effects of methyl bromide fumigation,chloropicrin fumigation and steam sterilization on soil nitrogen dynamics and microbial properties in a pot culture experiment.Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,54(6):886-894
    Yan DD.2013.The impact of different fumigation on dissolved N composition and nitrous oxide emission in greenhouse soil and its microbiological mechanisms.Ph.D Thesis.Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(in Chinese)[颜冬冬.2013.熏蒸对设施栽培土壤中可溶性氮素和氧化亚氮的影响及其微生物学机制.博士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院]
    Zhao BX,Yan JF,Liu Q,Yu JC,Zhao XX.2015.Analysis of bacterial community in rhizosphere soil of cucumber by 16S r DNA-PCR-DGGE.China Vegetables,12:33-37(in Chinese)[赵柏霞,闫建芳,刘秋,于基成,赵秀香.2015.黄瓜根际土壤细菌群落的16S rDNA-PCR-DGGE分析.中国蔬菜,12:33-37]
    Zhao Y,Wang QX,Guo MX,Cao AC,Yang ML.2008.Efficacy of killing nematodes in different temperature and combination with metam sodium.Ecology and Environment,17(4):1654-1656(in Chinese)[赵云,王秋霞,郭美霞,曹坳程,杨美林.2008.不同温度与威百亩联合时对线虫的杀灭效果评价.生态环境,17(4):1654-1656]