曲线演化理论的建筑物要素简化方法
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摘要
针对在制图综合中,建筑物要素的简化一方面应逐步去除细节以达到简化目的;另一方面应保持其直角、面积、位置等特征,以符合空间表达和认知的基本规律这一问题,该文基于曲线演化理论,通过构造曲线的演化函数,提出建筑物要素自动连续简化的方法。利用曲率演化的思想,使多边形形状逐步规则;利用常值演化的方法保持多边形的面积;利用角度和重心的定义,保持多边形的直角特征和位置。实验结果显示,提出的简化方法能在连续尺度上进行自动简化,能保证建筑物多边形的直角、面积、位置等特征。
Aiming at the problem that the cartographic simplification procedure of building features should gradually eliminate details to achieve the goal of simplification,as well as preserve the polygons' characters such as orthogonality,area,and location to satisfy the goal of representation and cognition.Based on the curve evolution theory,this paper proposed a simplification method for cartographic simplification of building features.Gradually regularize the polygon shapes utilize the idea of curvature evolution,preserve polygon areas utilize constant evolution,and keep the polygons' orthogonality and location based on definition of angle and centroid.The experiments showed promising results:the simplification process preserved orthogonality,area,and location of building while continuously simplifies building polygon features.
Aiming at the problem that the cartographic simplification procedure of building features should gradually eliminate details to achieve the goal of simplification,as well as preserve the polygons' characters such as orthogonality,area,and location to satisfy the goal of representation and cognition.Based on the curve evolution theory,this paper proposed a simplification method for cartographic simplification of building features.Gradually regularize the polygon shapes utilize the idea of curvature evolution,preserve polygon areas utilize constant evolution,and keep the polygons' orthogonality and location based on definition of angle and centroid.The experiments showed promising results:the simplification process preserved orthogonality,area,and location of building while continuously simplifies building polygon features.
引文
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[13]郭沛沛,李成名,殷勇.建筑物合并的Delaunay三角网分类过滤法[J].测绘学报,2016,45(8):1001-1007.(GUO Peipei,LI Chengming,YIN Yong.Classification and filtering of constrained Delaunay triangulation for automated building aggregation[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2016,45(8):1001-1007.)
[14]张晶,周烨,刘瑜.SDS模型化简合并多边形的一个改进算法研究[J].中国图象图形学报,2006,11(7):1010-1016.(ZHANG Jing,ZHOU Ye,LIU Yu.An improved algorithm for SDS model based polygon simplification and aggregation[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2006,11(7):1010-1016.)
[15]DANCIGER J,DEVADOSS S L,MUGNO J,et al.Shape deformation in continuous map generalization[J].Geoinformatica,2009,13(2):203-221.
[16]OpenStreetMap contributors.Planet OSM[DS/OL].[2019-05-17].https://planet.osm.org/.
[2]许文帅,龙毅,周侗,等.基于邻近四点法的建筑物多边形化简[J].测绘学报,2013,42(6):929-936.(XU Wenshuai,LONG Yi,ZHOU Tong,et al.Simplification of building polygon based on adjacent four-point method[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2013,42(6):929-936.)
[3]刘鹏程,艾廷华,邓吉芳.基于最小二乘的建筑物多边形的化简与直角化[J].中国矿业大学学报,2008,37(5):699-704.(LIU Pengcheng,AI Tinghua,DENG Jifang.Simplification and rectangularity of building-polygon based on least squares adjustment[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2008,37(5):699-704.)
[4] SUN Y,SHAHZAD M,ZHU X. First prismatic building model reconstruction from TomoSAR point clouds[C]//ISPRS-International Archives of the Photogrammetry,Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2016:381-386.
[5] SHEN Y,AI T,LI C.A simplification of urban buildings to preserve geometric properties using superpixel segmentation[J].International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation,2019,79:162-174.
[6]晏雄锋,艾廷华,杨敏.居民地要素化简的形状识别与模板匹配方法[J].测绘学报,2016,45(7):874-882.(YAN Xiongfeng,AI Tinghua,YANG Min.A simplification of residential feature by the shape cognition and template matching method[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2016,45(7):874-882.)
[7]刘鹏程,艾廷华,胡晋山,等.基于原型模板形状匹配的建筑多边形化简[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2010,35(11):1369-1372.(LIU Pengcheng,AI Tinghua,HU Jinshan,et al.Building-polygon simplification based on shape matching of prototype template[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2010,35(11):1369-1372.)
[8]李华,朱光喜,朱耀庭.物体渐变技术现状与发展[J].中国图象图形学报,2002,7(8):745-751.(LI Hua,ZHU Guangxi,ZHU Yaoting.A survey of object metamorphosis[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2002,7(8):745-751.)
[9] LI Zhilin,YAN Haowen,AI Tinghua,et al.Automated building generalization based on urban morphology and gestalt theory[J].International Journal of Geographical Information Science,2004,18(5):514-534.
[10]谢天,李精忠.面状居民地Morphing变换的转向角函数法[J].测绘学报,2015,44(7):797-804.(XIE Tian,LI Jingzhong.Steering angle function algorithm of morphing of residential area[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2015,44(7):797-804.)
[11]王辉连,武芳,张琳琳,等.数学形态学和模式识别在建筑物多边形化简中的应用[J].测绘学报,2005,34(3):269-276.(WANG Huilian,WU Fang,ZHANG Linlin,et al.The application of mathematical morphology and pattern recognition to building polygon simplification[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2005,34(3):269-276.)
[12]艾廷华,郭仁忠,陈晓东.Delaunay三角网支持下的多边形化简与合并[J].中国图象图形学报,2001,6(7):703-709.(AI Tinghua,GUO Renzhong,CHEN Xiaodong.Simplification and aggregation of polygon object supported by Delaunay triangulation structure[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2001,6(7):703-709.)
[13]郭沛沛,李成名,殷勇.建筑物合并的Delaunay三角网分类过滤法[J].测绘学报,2016,45(8):1001-1007.(GUO Peipei,LI Chengming,YIN Yong.Classification and filtering of constrained Delaunay triangulation for automated building aggregation[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2016,45(8):1001-1007.)
[14]张晶,周烨,刘瑜.SDS模型化简合并多边形的一个改进算法研究[J].中国图象图形学报,2006,11(7):1010-1016.(ZHANG Jing,ZHOU Ye,LIU Yu.An improved algorithm for SDS model based polygon simplification and aggregation[J].Journal of Image and Graphics,2006,11(7):1010-1016.)
[15]DANCIGER J,DEVADOSS S L,MUGNO J,et al.Shape deformation in continuous map generalization[J].Geoinformatica,2009,13(2):203-221.
[16]OpenStreetMap contributors.Planet OSM[DS/OL].[2019-05-17].https://planet.osm.org/.