基于全生命周期法的海绵城市雨水系统碳排放研究
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摘要
基于全生命周期法,构建了一种适用于城区范围的海绵城市雨水系统碳排放量化方法,并以松原市某片区为例,对4种海绵城市规划方案进行碳排放计算和比较,分析其碳减排效果并提出减排建议。结果表明,传统城市雨水系统碳排放高的主要原因是缺乏源头雨水渗蓄;雨水管网建设是系统碳排放的主要来源;与传统规划方案相比,4种海绵城市规划方案可使系统碳排放减少3. 5%～51. 7%。
Based on the Life Cycle Assessment method,an urban scale model of carbon emission for sponge city stormwater system was developed. Taking the case of a district in Songyuan City,carbon emissions of four sponge city planning schemes were analyzed and compared,and some suggestions for emissions reduction were proposed. The results show that the important reason for the high carbon emission of traditional urban stormwater system is the lack of rainwater detention and infiltration; the construction of storm sewer network is the main source of carbon emissions in the system; compared with the traditional planning scheme,the four sponge urban planning schemes reduce the carbon emissions by 3. 5% ～ 51. 7%.
Based on the Life Cycle Assessment method,an urban scale model of carbon emission for sponge city stormwater system was developed. Taking the case of a district in Songyuan City,carbon emissions of four sponge city planning schemes were analyzed and compared,and some suggestions for emissions reduction were proposed. The results show that the important reason for the high carbon emission of traditional urban stormwater system is the lack of rainwater detention and infiltration; the construction of storm sewer network is the main source of carbon emissions in the system; compared with the traditional planning scheme,the four sponge urban planning schemes reduce the carbon emissions by 3. 5% ～ 51. 7%.
引文
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[2]Spatari S,Yu Z W,Montalto F A.Life cycle implications of urban green infrastructure[J].Environmental Pollution,2011,159(8-9):2174-2179.
[3]Andrew R M,Vesely E.Life-cycle energy and CO2analysis of stormwater treatment devices[J].Water Science&Technology,2008,58(5):985-993.
[4]Moore T L C,Hunt W F.Predicting the carbon footprint of urban stormwater infrastructure[J].Ecological Engineering,2013,58:44-51.
[5]De Sousa M R C,Montalto F A,Spatari S.Using Life Cycle Assessment to Evaluate Green and Grey Combined Sewer Overflow Control Strategies[J].Journal of Industrial Ecology,2012,16(6):901-913.
[6]李坤.低碳生态城区雨水综合管理指标分析[J].绿色建筑,2014(02):17-20.
[7]户园凌.低影响开发雨水系统综合效益的分析研究[D].北京:北京建筑工程学院,2012.
[8]李卓熹.基于低冲击开发的暴雨径流控制及其碳排放-以深圳光明新区为例[D].北京:北京大学,2013.
[9]Casal-Campos A,Fu G,Butler D.The whole life carbon footprint of green infrastructure:A call for integration[J].NOVATECH 2013.2013.
[10]林晓虎,任婕,乔俊莲,等.海绵城市建设中碳排放核算研究进展及探析[J].资源节约与环保,2018(3):42-44.
[11]Petit-Boix A,Sanjuan-Delmas D,Gasol C M,et al.Environmental Assessment of Sewer Construction in Small to Medium Sized Cities Using Life Cycle Assessment[J].Water Resources Management,2014,28(4):979-997.
[12]Venkatesh G,Hammervold J,Brattebo H.Combined MFA-LCA for Analysis of Wastewater Pipeline Networks Case Study of Oslo,Norway[J].Journal of Industrial Ecology.2009,13(4):532-550.
[13]刘芳芳.夏热冬暖地区游泳馆项目全寿命周期碳排放核算模型研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2015.
[14]阴世超.建筑全生命周期碳排放核算分析[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012.
[15]朱嬿,陈莹.住宅建筑生命周期能耗及环境排放案例[J].北京:清华大学学报(自然科学版),2010(03):330-334.
[16]Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories[R].Geneva:IPCC,2006.
[17]国家发展和改革委员会应对气候变化司.2014年中国区域电网基准线排放因子[R],2015.
[18]吴佳洁.市政基础设施建设阶段碳排放计算方法及应用[D].南京:东南大学,2012.
[19]陈康海.建筑工程施工阶段的碳排放核算研究[D].广州:广东工业大学,2014.
[20]陶婷婷,韦文珊,吴永常,等.基于生命周期评价的屋顶绿化碳成本和碳效益研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2013,23:353-357.
[21]Berndtsson J C.Green roof performance towards management of runoff water quantity and quality:A review[J].Ecological Engineering,2010,36(4):351-360.
[22]Angrill S,Farreny R,Gasol C M,et al.Environmental analysis of rainwater harvesting infrastructures in diffuse and compact urban models of Mediterranean climate[J].International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment,2012,17(1):25-42.
[23]李信仕,王诗哲,石铁矛,等.基于低碳城市理念下的绿地系统规划研究策略-以沈阳市为例[J].城市发展研究,2012,19(3):140-142.
[24]Getter K L,Rowe D B,Robertson G P,et al.Carbon Sequestration Potential of Extensive Green Roofs[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2009,43(19):7564-7570.
[25]黄宁俊,张斌令,朱文涛,等.新区海绵城市专项规划中目标确定及分解实例[J].市政技术,2018,36(5):130-134.
[26]Herz R K,Lipkow A.Life cycle assessment of water mains and sewers[J].Water Science&Technology Water Supply,2002,2(4):51-58.
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