基于生态系统服务簇的陕西省生态功能区划分
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摘要
基于调查数据、卫星遥感数据、统计数据等,在县域尺度上,系统评估了陕西省生态系统食物供给、碳固定、水源涵养、水土保持和生物多样性5种重点服务功能现状,并在此基础上进行了生态系统服务簇分析和生态功能区划分。结果表明:1)陕西省生态系统服务呈现明显的空间差异,食物供给呈现中部高,南北低的趋势;其余4种服务呈现出协同变化,功能呈现由南到北的减低趋势;2)陕西省可划分为5个生态系统服务簇,对应5个生态系统区,其中陕北风沙区各项生态系统服务功能均较低,而陕南秦岭山地除了食物供给,其它服务功能均较高。该研究基于生态系统服务簇,探索了科学的生态功能分区方法,可为政府有针对性地进行区域生态建设政策的制定和合理地环境整治提供科学依据。
Based on the field survey data and satellite remoted sensing data,the five key ecological services,including food provision,carbon sequences,water retention,soil and water conservation and biodiversity in Shaanxi Province were evaluated.The ecosystem service bundles analysis and functional division were carried out in the following steps.The results showed that 1) there were obvious spatial differences towards the distributions of ecosystem services of Shaanxi Province.The values of food supply were higher in the middle than the southern and northern Shaanxi.The other four services showed synergistic changes,and the function showed a decreasing trend from the south to north;2) Shaanxi Province could be divided into five ecosystem service clusters which represented five ecosystem divisions respectively.The ecosystem services of the northern wind-blown areas were relatively low,while the Qinling Mountains in southern Shaanxi had higher service functions except food supply.This research was focused on the analysis of ecosystem service bundles,which could provide a scientific basis for the government decision about ecosystems management.
Based on the field survey data and satellite remoted sensing data,the five key ecological services,including food provision,carbon sequences,water retention,soil and water conservation and biodiversity in Shaanxi Province were evaluated.The ecosystem service bundles analysis and functional division were carried out in the following steps.The results showed that 1) there were obvious spatial differences towards the distributions of ecosystem services of Shaanxi Province.The values of food supply were higher in the middle than the southern and northern Shaanxi.The other four services showed synergistic changes,and the function showed a decreasing trend from the south to north;2) Shaanxi Province could be divided into five ecosystem service clusters which represented five ecosystem divisions respectively.The ecosystem services of the northern wind-blown areas were relatively low,while the Qinling Mountains in southern Shaanxi had higher service functions except food supply.This research was focused on the analysis of ecosystem service bundles,which could provide a scientific basis for the government decision about ecosystems management.
引文
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[24] 汪邦稳,杨勤科,刘志红,等.基于DEM和GIS的修正通用土壤流失方程地形因子值的提取[J].中国水土保持科学,2007,5(2):18-23.
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[29] 刘慧敏,范玉龙,丁圣彦.生态系统服务流研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(7):2161-2171.
[30] 冯伟林,李树茁,李聪.生态系统服务与人类福祉—文献综述与分析框架[J].资源科学,2013,35(7):1482-1489.
[2] 戴尔阜,王晓莉,朱建佳,等.生态系统服务权衡:方法、模型与研究框架[J].地理研究,2016,35(6):1005-1016.
[3] 方创琳,徐建华.西北干旱区生态重建与人地系统优化的宏观背景及理论基础[J].地理科学进展,2001,20(1):21-28.
[4] 李鹏,姜鲁光,封志明,等.生态系统服务竞争与协同研究进展[J].生态学报,2012,32(16):5219-5229.
[5] QIU J X,TURNER M G.Spatial interactions among ecosystem services in an urbanizing agricultural watershed[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2013,110(29):12149-12154.
[6] COSTANZA R,D′ARGE R,DE GROOT R,et al.The value of the world′s ecosystem services and natural capital[J].Nature,1997,387:253-260.
[7] DAILY G C,POLASKY S,GOLDSTEIN J,et al.Ecosystem services in decision making:Time to deliver[J].Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment,2009,7(1):21-28.
[8] VIGERSTOL K L,AUKEMA J E.A comparison of tools for modeling freshwater ecosystem services[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2011,92(10):2403-2409.
[9] RAUDSEPP-HEARNE C,PETERSON G D,BENNETT E M.Ecosystem service bundles for analyzing trade offs in diverse landscapes[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2010,107(11):5242-5247.
[10] JIA X Q,FU B J,FENG X M,et al.The trade off and synergy between ecosystem services in the Grain-for-Green areas in northern Shaanxi,China[J].Ecological Indicators,2014,43:103-113.
[11] 孙泽祥,刘志锋,何春阳,等.中国快速城市化干燥地区的生态系统服务权衡关系多尺度分析:以呼包鄂榆地区为例[J].生态学报,2016,36(15):4881-4891.
[12] 甄霖,刘雪林,李芬,等.脆弱生态区生态系统服务消费与生态补偿研究:进展与挑战[J].资源科学,2010,32(5):797-803.
[13] JOPKE C,KREYLING J,MAES J,et al.Interactions among ecosystem services across Europe:Bagplots and cumulative correlation coefficients reveal synergies,trade-offs,and regional patterns[J].Ecological Indicators,2015,49:46-52.
[14] WU J G.Landscape sustainability science:Ecosystem services and human well-being in changing landscapes[J].Landscape Ecology,2013,28(6):999-1023.
[15] FU B J,ZHANG L W,XU Z H,et al.Ecosystem services in changing land use[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2015,15(4):833-843.
[16] 李双成,张才玉,刘金龙,等.生态系统服务权衡与协同研究进展及地理学研究议题[J].地理研究,2013,32(8):1379-1390.
[17] 吕一河,张立伟,王江磊.生态系统及其服务保护评估:指标与方法[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(5):1237-1243.
[18] 杨晓楠,李晶,秦克玉,等.关中—天水经济区生态系统服务的权衡关系[J].地理学报,2015,70(11):1762-1773.
[19] HOWE C,SUICH H,VIRA B,et al.Creating win-wins from trade-offs?Ecosystem services for human well-being:A meta-analysis of ecosystem service trade-offs and synergies in the real world[J].Global Environmental Change,2014,28(1):263-275.
[20] 赵永华,张玲玲,王晓峰.陕西省生态系统服务价值评估及时空差异[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(10):2662-2672.
[21] 张国宁.陕西省农业自然灾害及其防治对策[J].灾害学,1989(1):42-48.
[22] 郝梦雅,任志远,孙艺杰,等.关中盆地生态系统服务的权衡与协同关系动态分析[J].地理研究,2017(3):592-602.
[23] 周广胜,张峰,王玉辉.基于CASA模型的内蒙古典型草原植被净初级生产力动态模拟[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(4):786-797.
[24] 汪邦稳,杨勤科,刘志红,等.基于DEM和GIS的修正通用土壤流失方程地形因子值的提取[J].中国水土保持科学,2007,5(2):18-23.
[25] 代锋刚,蔡焕杰,张鑫,等.西北干旱内陆河流域生态需水量理论初探[J].干旱地区农业研究,2004,22(3):148-153.
[26] 中国国家林业局.中国野生动物保护名录[M].北京:国家林业局,2010.
[27] 中国国家林业局.中国重要野生植物保护名录[M].北京:国家林业局,2010.
[28] 刘泽麟,彭长辉,项文化,等.人工神经网络在全球气候变化和生态学中的应用研究[J].科学通报,2010,55(31):2987-2997.
[29] 刘慧敏,范玉龙,丁圣彦.生态系统服务流研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(7):2161-2171.
[30] 冯伟林,李树茁,李聪.生态系统服务与人类福祉—文献综述与分析框架[J].资源科学,2013,35(7):1482-1489.