生活垃圾分类政策形成的影响要素及其耦合逻辑——基于多源流理论分析
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摘要
随着我国经济的快速发展和城镇化步伐的加快,生活垃圾与日俱增,垃圾分类效果不甚理想。2018年1月,住房城乡建设部《关于加快推进部分重点城市生活垃圾分类工作的通知》中明确提出了2018—2036年生活垃圾分类工作目标和任务。以多源流理论为视角分析垃圾分类政策形成的机理,其中,反映生活垃圾问题日益突出的指标变化、焦点事件以及政策实施的效果构成了"问题流",政策智慧共同体对解决垃圾分类问题的建议构成了"政策流",新时代党的执政理念和社会公众对垃圾分类问题的持续关注汇聚成了"政治流",3种源流在相关政策的"溢出"以及政策企业家的推动下,短暂地开启了政策之窗,从而促使垃圾分类政策提上议程。
With the rapid development of China's economy and the acceleration of urbanization, the domestic waste is increasing, but the garbage classification work falls behind. In January 2018, In the Notification on Speeding Up the Classification of Key Municipal Solid Waste(MSW) by the Ministry of Urban and Rural Construction of Housing, the objectives and tasks of MSW classification from 2018 to 2036 were clearly put forward. This paper analyzed the formation mechanism of garbage classification policy in the perspective of multi-source theory, in which the change of indicators reflecting the increasingly prominent problem of domestic waste, the focus events and the effect of policy implementation constitute the "problem flow". The composition of the suggestions of the Community of Policy Wisdom to solve the problem of garbage Classification With the "policy flow", the party's ruling concept in the new era and the public's continuous attention to garbage classification have become a "political flow". The three sources, driven by the spillover of relevant policies and the promotion of policy entrepreneurs, have briefly opened the window of policy, thus putting the garbage classification policy on the agenda.
With the rapid development of China's economy and the acceleration of urbanization, the domestic waste is increasing, but the garbage classification work falls behind. In January 2018, In the Notification on Speeding Up the Classification of Key Municipal Solid Waste(MSW) by the Ministry of Urban and Rural Construction of Housing, the objectives and tasks of MSW classification from 2018 to 2036 were clearly put forward. This paper analyzed the formation mechanism of garbage classification policy in the perspective of multi-source theory, in which the change of indicators reflecting the increasingly prominent problem of domestic waste, the focus events and the effect of policy implementation constitute the "problem flow". The composition of the suggestions of the Community of Policy Wisdom to solve the problem of garbage Classification With the "policy flow", the party's ruling concept in the new era and the public's continuous attention to garbage classification have become a "political flow". The three sources, driven by the spillover of relevant policies and the promotion of policy entrepreneurs, have briefly opened the window of policy, thus putting the garbage classification policy on the agenda.
引文
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[2]严强.公共政策学基础[M].北京：高等教育出版社，2017:92.
[3]约翰金登.议程、备选方案与公共政策(第2版)[M].北京：中国人民大学出版社，2017:85-155.
[4]宋国君.城市生活垃圾分类难点与对策[J].人民论坛，2019(12):70-72.
[5]保罗A萨巴蒂尔.政策过程理论[M].北京：三联书店，2004:99.
[6]徐林，凌卯亮.垃圾分类政策对居民的节电行为有溢出效应吗？[J].行政论坛，2017,24(5):105-110.
[7]严强.公共政策学基础[M].北京：高等教育出版社，2017:93.
[8]谭爽.草根NGO如何成为政策企业家？---垃圾治理场域中的历时观察[J].公共管理学报，2019,16(2):79-90.
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