广州市城-郊梯度上典型蔬菜地土壤抗生素污染研究
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摘要
【目的】研究广州市典型蔬菜用地土壤抗生素污染的城-郊分布特征,及可能的抗生素污染来源和影响因素。【方法】以广州市城-郊梯度上海珠芒滘、南沙东涌、南沙横沥3个区域蔬菜用地为对象,采集3种不同类型的蔬菜地(根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果类)表层0～20 cm土壤样品,利用高分辨液相色谱方法检测抗生素。【结果】样品被检测出磺胺类(磺胺脒)、喹诺酮类(诺氟沙星、甲磺酸培氟沙星、氧氟沙星、恩氟沙星、环丙沙星)、四环素类(四环素、土霉素、氧四环素、氯四环素)、青霉素类(新生霉素)、大环内酯类(竹桃霉素)共五大类12种抗生素。【结论】结果表明抗生素的种类和含量总体上呈现自城中心到城郊减少的情况;而抗生素的城-郊分布也与抗生素的种类有关,在检出率为100%的磺胺脒、土霉素和竹桃霉素中,竹桃霉素的含量从城中心向城郊递减,磺胺脒各样地的含量相当,但土霉素的含量从城中心向城郊递增;不同菜地土壤抗生素污染状况存在显著差异,海珠芒滘蔬菜用地土壤中抗生素的种类和总含量最多;3种不同类型蔬菜地土壤抗生素的污染状况也存在差异。
【Objective】 The study was conducted to explore the urban-suburban distribution characteristics of soil antibiotic pollution in typical vegetable fields of Guangzhou, as well as the possible sources and influencing factors of antibiotic contamination. 【Method】 Soils(0-20 cm) of three types of vegetable fields(rhizome vegetables, leaf vegetables,melon and fruit vegetables) were sampled from Mangjiao in Haizhu district, Dongchong and Hengli in Nansha district along an urban to suburban gradient in Guangzhou. The types and concentration of antibiotics were identified by using highperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS). 【Result】A total of 5 categories of 12 antibiotics including sulfonamines(sulfamidine), quinolones(norfloxacin, pefloxacin, ofloxacin, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin), tetracycline(tetracycline, doxycycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline), penicillins(novobiocin), macrolides(oleandomycin) were detected. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that the types and concentration of antibiotics were generally reduced from the center of the city to the suburbs, and the urban-suburban distribution of antibiotics was also related to the type of antibiotics. Among the three detected antibiotics-sulfamidine, doxycycline and oleandomycin, with a detection rate of 100%, the concentration of oleandomycin showed a decreased trend from the center of the city to the suburbs, the concentration of sulfamethamidine was almost the same, while the concentration of doxycycline increased from the the center of the city to the suburbs. There were significant differences in the status of the antibiotic pollution in different vegetable fields, and there were most types of antibiotics in Mangjiao of Haizhu District and the total concentration of antibiotics was the highest in this area.
【Objective】 The study was conducted to explore the urban-suburban distribution characteristics of soil antibiotic pollution in typical vegetable fields of Guangzhou, as well as the possible sources and influencing factors of antibiotic contamination. 【Method】 Soils(0-20 cm) of three types of vegetable fields(rhizome vegetables, leaf vegetables,melon and fruit vegetables) were sampled from Mangjiao in Haizhu district, Dongchong and Hengli in Nansha district along an urban to suburban gradient in Guangzhou. The types and concentration of antibiotics were identified by using highperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS). 【Result】A total of 5 categories of 12 antibiotics including sulfonamines(sulfamidine), quinolones(norfloxacin, pefloxacin, ofloxacin, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin), tetracycline(tetracycline, doxycycline, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline), penicillins(novobiocin), macrolides(oleandomycin) were detected. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that the types and concentration of antibiotics were generally reduced from the center of the city to the suburbs, and the urban-suburban distribution of antibiotics was also related to the type of antibiotics. Among the three detected antibiotics-sulfamidine, doxycycline and oleandomycin, with a detection rate of 100%, the concentration of oleandomycin showed a decreased trend from the center of the city to the suburbs, the concentration of sulfamethamidine was almost the same, while the concentration of doxycycline increased from the the center of the city to the suburbs. There were significant differences in the status of the antibiotic pollution in different vegetable fields, and there were most types of antibiotics in Mangjiao of Haizhu District and the total concentration of antibiotics was the highest in this area.
引文
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