福建平潭岛填海活动热岛效应的时空变异
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摘要
基于2006年Landsat5 TM影像与2017年Landsat8 OLI影像,通过大气校正法对福建省平潭综合实验区主岛——平潭岛进行地温反演,分析了平潭岛的填海造地变化以及全岛热岛效应的时空分布和演变特征,分析2006—2017年平潭岛填海活动与该岛热岛效应变化关系。结果表明:平潭岛12 a来人工填海面积增加约26 km~2(约占该岛面积的1/10)。2017年平潭岛人工填海区域的热岛效应显著增强;绿岛面积缩减明显,由14.48 km~2锐减至2.19 km~2,而强热岛与极强热岛面积分别从0.45和0.08 km~2增长至7.39和3.65 km~2。部分填海区域因植被覆盖率较高,在人工填海后仍然维持弱热岛甚至绿岛特征。平潭岛热岛效应具有明显的空间自相关性,2006—2017年热岛影响范围有所扩张;高-高关联的高温中心扩张与填海区域热岛区的扩张匹配度高。人工填海区周边1 km缓冲区内的极强热岛效应显著增强(增幅高达59.08%),其中极强热岛区域57.31%由早期强热岛区域演变而来。
This study aimed to explore the expansion of artificial reclamation and its effect on urban heat islands(UHI) in Pingtan Island, the main island of the Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Area in China, using the Thematic Mapper(TM) and Operational Land Imager(OLI) images. The relationship between the spatio-temporal variability of UHI and the areas of sea reclamation from 2006 to 2017 were explored in this study. The following results were obtained. Over more than a decade, the reclamation area in this region increased by 26 km~2, which is almost 1/10 of the entire area of Pingtan Island. UHI analysis using ENVI and the standard deviation method showed that the green island area decreased significantly, from 14.48 to 2.19 km~2, and the strong and very strong heat island areas increased, from 0.45 and 0.08 km~2 to 7.39 and 3.65 km~2, respectively. Some of the artificial reclamation areas still maintained the weak heat island and green island status due to the high vegetation cover. UHI of Pingtan Island showed significant spatial autocorrelation, and,the range of influence of UHI had expanded from 2006 to 2017.The high temperature central expansion of high-high correlation had a high matching degree with the expansion of UHI of reclamation area.The areas of very strong heat island significantly increased to 59.08% of artificial reclamation areas within their one kilometer buffer. And 57.31% of very strong heat island evolved from strong heat island.
This study aimed to explore the expansion of artificial reclamation and its effect on urban heat islands(UHI) in Pingtan Island, the main island of the Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Area in China, using the Thematic Mapper(TM) and Operational Land Imager(OLI) images. The relationship between the spatio-temporal variability of UHI and the areas of sea reclamation from 2006 to 2017 were explored in this study. The following results were obtained. Over more than a decade, the reclamation area in this region increased by 26 km~2, which is almost 1/10 of the entire area of Pingtan Island. UHI analysis using ENVI and the standard deviation method showed that the green island area decreased significantly, from 14.48 to 2.19 km~2, and the strong and very strong heat island areas increased, from 0.45 and 0.08 km~2 to 7.39 and 3.65 km~2, respectively. Some of the artificial reclamation areas still maintained the weak heat island and green island status due to the high vegetation cover. UHI of Pingtan Island showed significant spatial autocorrelation, and,the range of influence of UHI had expanded from 2006 to 2017.The high temperature central expansion of high-high correlation had a high matching degree with the expansion of UHI of reclamation area.The areas of very strong heat island significantly increased to 59.08% of artificial reclamation areas within their one kilometer buffer. And 57.31% of very strong heat island evolved from strong heat island.
引文
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[18] 陈彦光.基于Moran统计量的空间自相关理论发展和方法改进[J].地理研究,2009,28(6):1 449-1 463.
[19]江振蓝,潘辉,张宝玉,等.基于空间自相关的城市热岛时空格局变化[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(30):41-45,135.
[20]王鹏龙,张建明,吕荣芳.基于空间自相关的兰州市热环境[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(4):1 089-1 095.
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[22]陶康华,陈云浩,周巧兰,等.热力景观在城市生态规划中的应用[J].城市研究,1999(1):20-22.
[23]陈婉,李林军,李宏永,等.深圳市蛇口半岛人工填海及其城市热岛效应分析[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(1):157-163.
[24]唐中林,付敏,罗慧芬,等.三峡库区城市热力景观格局动态变化分析:以重庆市万州区为例[J].河南科学,2013,31(10):1 809-1 812.
[25]王琳,祝亚鹏,卫宝立.城市热岛效应与景观格局相关性研究[J].环境科学与管理,2017,42(11):156-160.
[26]邓睿,刘亮,徐二丽.基于Landsat时间序列数据的重庆市热力景观格局演变分析[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(8):1 349-1 357.
[27]祝亚鹏,王琳,卫宝立.发展中城市地表热环境与下垫面关系研究[J].环境科学与技术,2018,41(S1):318-324.
[2]GAUR A,EICHENBAUM M K,SIMONOVIC S P.Analysis and modelling of surface Urban Heat Island in 20 Canadian cities under climate and land-cover change[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2018,206:145-157.
[3]谢敏,孙明,蔡建初,等.滨海城市化地区热岛效应的遥感分析研究:以防城港为例[J].气象研究与应用,2018,39(3):66-71.
[4]程志刚,李炬,周明煜,等.北京中央商务区(CBD)城市热岛效应的研究[J].气候与环境研究,2018,23(6):633-644.
[5]王刚,张秋平,肖荣波,等.秋冬季节广州城市绿地对热岛效应的调控作用差异分析[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2018,57(5):38-48.
[6]佟光臣,林杰,陈杭,等.基于多时相遥感数据的常州市城市热景观变化特征[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(1):207-212.
[7]魏婷.世界主要海洋国家围填海造地管理及对我国的启示[J].国土资源情报,2016(2):47-52.
[8]李禺,朱晓东,李杨帆,等.厦门港湾地区填海造地活动的热岛效应分析[J].海洋科学,2009,33(1):72-76.
[9]李鸿阶.世界自贸区发展趋势与福建自贸区建设选择[J].学术评论,2014(2):37-43.
[10]董睿.基于遥感的北京市城市热岛效应研究[J].通讯世界,2018,340(9):253-254.
[11]BENAS N,CHRYSOULAKIS N,CARTALIS C.Trends of urban surface temperature and heat island characteristics in the Mediterranean[J].Theoretical and Applied Climatology,2016,130(3/4):807-816.
[12]DAI Z,GULDMANN J M,HU Y.Spatial regression models of park and land-use impacts on the urban heat island in central Beijing[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,626:1 136-1 147.
[13]中华人民共和国自然资源部.土地利用现状分类:GB/T 21010—2017[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017.
[14]李志军,姚薇,姚珙,等.Landsat卫星遥感影像的大气校正方法研究[C]//中国气象学会.第28届中国气象学会年会中国气象学会会议论文集.北京:气象出版社,2011:251-256.
[15]陈松林,王天星.等间距法和均值-标准差法界定城市热岛的对比研究[J].地球信息科学学报,2009,11(2):145-150.
[16]杨敏,杨贵军,王艳杰,等.北京城市热岛效应时空变化遥感分析[J].国土资源遥感,2018,30(3):213-223.
[17]尚建设,李本亮,孙小丽,等.济南市夏季城市热岛效应特征分析[J].干旱气象,2018,36(1):70-74.
[18] 陈彦光.基于Moran统计量的空间自相关理论发展和方法改进[J].地理研究,2009,28(6):1 449-1 463.
[19]江振蓝,潘辉,张宝玉,等.基于空间自相关的城市热岛时空格局变化[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(30):41-45,135.
[20]王鹏龙,张建明,吕荣芳.基于空间自相关的兰州市热环境[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(4):1 089-1 095.
[21]游巍斌,何东进,巫丽芸,等.武夷山风景名胜区景观生态安全度时空分异规律[J].生态学报,2011,31(21):6 317-6 327.
[22]陶康华,陈云浩,周巧兰,等.热力景观在城市生态规划中的应用[J].城市研究,1999(1):20-22.
[23]陈婉,李林军,李宏永,等.深圳市蛇口半岛人工填海及其城市热岛效应分析[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(1):157-163.
[24]唐中林,付敏,罗慧芬,等.三峡库区城市热力景观格局动态变化分析:以重庆市万州区为例[J].河南科学,2013,31(10):1 809-1 812.
[25]王琳,祝亚鹏,卫宝立.城市热岛效应与景观格局相关性研究[J].环境科学与管理,2017,42(11):156-160.
[26]邓睿,刘亮,徐二丽.基于Landsat时间序列数据的重庆市热力景观格局演变分析[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(8):1 349-1 357.
[27]祝亚鹏,王琳,卫宝立.发展中城市地表热环境与下垫面关系研究[J].环境科学与技术,2018,41(S1):318-324.
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