松软毡被孔菌生物学特性及驯化栽培
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摘要
松软毡被孔菌是一种可产漆酶的多孔菌,漆酶可用于废水处理、降解有毒物质等,因此对采自黑龙江胜山国家级自然保护区的松软毡被孔菌进行生物学特性的研究,可为漆酶的开发、生产提供基础数据。根据野外采集的标本和出菇子实体形态学特性的分析和分子生物学(ITS, rDNA)比较研究,通过形态学观察和分子工具辅助鉴定,确定为松软毡被孔菌。同时对其适宜碳源、氮源、pH和温度进行初步研究,研究表明适合松软毡被孔菌生长适宜条件:碳源为葡萄糖、唯一氮源为酵母浸粉、温度为30℃、pH值为8.0。松软毡被孔菌可在人工培养基上(培养料配方:78%阔叶树木屑, 20%麸皮, 1%石膏, 1%蔗糖)形成子实体。本研究结果为漆酶的开发研究、药理活性研究提供理论依据。
Spongipellis spumeus is one of the pore fungus which can produce laccase. And laccase can be used in effluent disposal, degrading toxic substances and so on. Therefore, the biological characteristics study of S. spumeus,collected from Shenshan National Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang Province, can provide the basic data for the development and production of laccase. According to specimens collected outdoors and comparative studies with the analysis and molecular biology(ITS, rDNA) of the morphological characteristics of specimens, through morphological observation and molecular tool aided identification, it was identified as Spongipellis spumeus.Meanwhile the suitable carbon source, nitrogen source, pH and temperature were preliminary explored. The results showed that the conditions for optimal growth were Glucose as C source, Yeast extract as the sole N source, a temperature of 30℃ and a pH =8.0. Spongipellis spumeus could be made into a fruiting body on an artificial mediumcuture material(Culture material formula: 78% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, 1% gypsum and 1% sucrose). The results of this study provided theoretical basis for development of laccase and pharmacological activity.
Spongipellis spumeus is one of the pore fungus which can produce laccase. And laccase can be used in effluent disposal, degrading toxic substances and so on. Therefore, the biological characteristics study of S. spumeus,collected from Shenshan National Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang Province, can provide the basic data for the development and production of laccase. According to specimens collected outdoors and comparative studies with the analysis and molecular biology(ITS, rDNA) of the morphological characteristics of specimens, through morphological observation and molecular tool aided identification, it was identified as Spongipellis spumeus.Meanwhile the suitable carbon source, nitrogen source, pH and temperature were preliminary explored. The results showed that the conditions for optimal growth were Glucose as C source, Yeast extract as the sole N source, a temperature of 30℃ and a pH =8.0. Spongipellis spumeus could be made into a fruiting body on an artificial mediumcuture material(Culture material formula: 78% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, 1% gypsum and 1% sucrose). The results of this study provided theoretical basis for development of laccase and pharmacological activity.
引文
Guo Y.X.,Song B.,Wang X.X.,Su W.Y.,Fu Y.P.,and Li Y.,2016,Biological characteristics and artificial domestication cultivation of wild stains of Lepista sp.,Junwu Yanjiu(Journal of Fungal Research),14(4):222-225(郭昱秀,宋冰,李丹,王新新,苏文英,付永平,李玉,2016,野生毛尖蘑的生物学特性及驯化栽培,菌物研究,14(4):222-225)
Huang M.M.,Jiang Z.H.,and Weng B.Q.,2010,Scanning electron microscopy on mycelium of Trichlolma lobayense Heim under different pH,Dianzi Xianwei Xuebao(Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society),29(2):173-176(黄敏敏,江枝和,翁伯琦,2010,不同pH值条件下金福菇菌丝体形态的电镜观察,电子显微学报,29(2):173-176)
Jiang J.Q.,and Yan H.S.,2005,Two newly described polypores on populus in Northeast China,Linye Kexue Yanjiu(Forest Research),18(3):280-283(姜俊清,袁海生,2005,中国东北杨树上两种新多孔菌,林业科学研究,18(3):280-283)
Jin Y.C.,and Li Y.,2012,Selected biological characteristics and artificial cultivation of Phyllotopsis nidulans,Shiyongjun Xuebao(Acta Edulis Fungi),19(2):35-38(金宇昌,李玉,2012,黄毛黄侧耳的生物学特性和驯化栽培,食用菌学报,19(2):35-38)
Li Y.,Tolgor B.,Dai Y.C.,Li T.H.,and Yang Z.L.,eds.,2015,Atlas of Chinese macrofungal resources,Central China Farmers Publishing House,Zhengzhou,China,pp.646(李玉,图力古尔,戴玉成,李泰辉,杨祝良,编著,2015,中国大型菌物资源图鉴,中原农民出版社,中国,郑州,pp.646)
Liu J.Y.,Jiao G.B.,You X.J.,Liao X.R.,and Sun L.P.,2016,Areview on properties,production,and application of fungal laccases,Shengwu Jishu Tongbao(Biotechnology Bulletin),32(4):24-33(刘家扬,焦国宝,有小娟,廖祥儒,孙利鹏,2016,真菌漆酶的性质、生产及应用研究进展,生物技术通报,32(4):24-33)
Liu X.M.,Zheng S.Y.,Tolgor B.,Huang C.Y.,and Zhang J.X.,2016,Effect of growth temperature on the activities of antioxidative enzymes in mycelial extracts of Pleurotus nebrodensis,Shiyongjun Xuebao(Acta Edulis Fungi),17(2):60-62(刘秀明,郑素月,图力古尔,黄晨阳,张金霞,2010,温度胁迫对白灵侧耳菌丝保护酶活性的影响,食用菌学报,17(2):60-62)
Liu Y.M.,and Guo D.P.,2016,Study on culture conditions of Spongipellis delectans,Dangdai Huagong(Contemporary Chemical Industry),45(2):259-262(刘叶明,郭丹萍,2016,优美毡被孔菌培养条件的研究,当代化工,45(2):259-262)
Lu T.,and Tolgor B.,2013a,Biological characteristics and cultivation of fruit body of wild medicinal mushroom Perenniporia fraxinea,Shentai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),33(17):5194-5200(鲁铁,图力古尔,2013a,白蜡多年卧孔菌生物学特性及驯化栽培,生态学报,33(17):5194-5200)
Lu T.,and Tolgor B.,2013b,Cultural characters of wild medicinal mushroom Pycnoporus sanguineus,Dongbei Linye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Northeast Forestry University),41(7):123-128(鲁铁,图力古尔,2013b,血红栓菌培养特性,东北林业大学学报,41(7):123-128)
Piatek M.,Seta D.,and Szczepkowski A.,2004,Notes on Polish polypores 5.synopsis of the genus Spongipellis,Acta Mycologica,39(1):25-32
Qi L.L.,An Y.,and Li Y.,2011,Selected biological characteristics and artificial cultivation of Oudemansiella brunneomarginata,Shiyongjun Xuebao(Acta Edulis Fungi),18(3):35-38(祁亮亮,安颖,李玉,2011,褐褶边小奥德蘑生物学特性及驯化栽培,食用菌学报,18(3):35-38)
TomovskM.,2012,Delimitation of an almost forgotten species Spongipellis litschaueri(Polyporales,Basidiomycota)and its taxonomic position within the genus,Mycological Progress,11(2):415-424
Wang T.,Bao H.Y.,Tolgor B.,and Li Y.,2016,Biological characteristics and cultivation of Inonotus hispidus parasitizing on Ulmus macrocarpa var.mongolica,Junwu Xuebao(Mycosystema),35(6):694-704(王婷,包海鹰,图力古尔,李玉,2016,寄生于蒙古黄榆上的粗毛纤孔菌生物学特性及驯化栽培,菌物学报,35(6):694-704)
Zhang Q.Y.,Zhang B.,and Li Y.,2014,Biological characteristics and artificial cultivation of Isaria japonica,Junwu Yanjiu(Journal of Fungal Research),12(4):226-228,232(张清洋,张波,李玉,2014,大孢虫花生物学特性及驯化栽培,菌物研究,12(4):226-228,232)
Zhu Y.L.,2015,Studies on biological characteristics of strains related to Cordyceps and their relationship with Ophicordyceps sinensis,Thesis for M.S.,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Supervisor:Xie F.,pp.33-34(朱玉兰,2015,冬虫夏草相关菌株生物学特性及其与冬虫夏草菌相互关系的研究,硕士学位论文,兰州交通大学,导师:谢放,pp.33-34)
Huang M.M.,Jiang Z.H.,and Weng B.Q.,2010,Scanning electron microscopy on mycelium of Trichlolma lobayense Heim under different pH,Dianzi Xianwei Xuebao(Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society),29(2):173-176(黄敏敏,江枝和,翁伯琦,2010,不同pH值条件下金福菇菌丝体形态的电镜观察,电子显微学报,29(2):173-176)
Jiang J.Q.,and Yan H.S.,2005,Two newly described polypores on populus in Northeast China,Linye Kexue Yanjiu(Forest Research),18(3):280-283(姜俊清,袁海生,2005,中国东北杨树上两种新多孔菌,林业科学研究,18(3):280-283)
Jin Y.C.,and Li Y.,2012,Selected biological characteristics and artificial cultivation of Phyllotopsis nidulans,Shiyongjun Xuebao(Acta Edulis Fungi),19(2):35-38(金宇昌,李玉,2012,黄毛黄侧耳的生物学特性和驯化栽培,食用菌学报,19(2):35-38)
Li Y.,Tolgor B.,Dai Y.C.,Li T.H.,and Yang Z.L.,eds.,2015,Atlas of Chinese macrofungal resources,Central China Farmers Publishing House,Zhengzhou,China,pp.646(李玉,图力古尔,戴玉成,李泰辉,杨祝良,编著,2015,中国大型菌物资源图鉴,中原农民出版社,中国,郑州,pp.646)
Liu J.Y.,Jiao G.B.,You X.J.,Liao X.R.,and Sun L.P.,2016,Areview on properties,production,and application of fungal laccases,Shengwu Jishu Tongbao(Biotechnology Bulletin),32(4):24-33(刘家扬,焦国宝,有小娟,廖祥儒,孙利鹏,2016,真菌漆酶的性质、生产及应用研究进展,生物技术通报,32(4):24-33)
Liu X.M.,Zheng S.Y.,Tolgor B.,Huang C.Y.,and Zhang J.X.,2016,Effect of growth temperature on the activities of antioxidative enzymes in mycelial extracts of Pleurotus nebrodensis,Shiyongjun Xuebao(Acta Edulis Fungi),17(2):60-62(刘秀明,郑素月,图力古尔,黄晨阳,张金霞,2010,温度胁迫对白灵侧耳菌丝保护酶活性的影响,食用菌学报,17(2):60-62)
Liu Y.M.,and Guo D.P.,2016,Study on culture conditions of Spongipellis delectans,Dangdai Huagong(Contemporary Chemical Industry),45(2):259-262(刘叶明,郭丹萍,2016,优美毡被孔菌培养条件的研究,当代化工,45(2):259-262)
Lu T.,and Tolgor B.,2013a,Biological characteristics and cultivation of fruit body of wild medicinal mushroom Perenniporia fraxinea,Shentai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),33(17):5194-5200(鲁铁,图力古尔,2013a,白蜡多年卧孔菌生物学特性及驯化栽培,生态学报,33(17):5194-5200)
Lu T.,and Tolgor B.,2013b,Cultural characters of wild medicinal mushroom Pycnoporus sanguineus,Dongbei Linye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Northeast Forestry University),41(7):123-128(鲁铁,图力古尔,2013b,血红栓菌培养特性,东北林业大学学报,41(7):123-128)
Piatek M.,Seta D.,and Szczepkowski A.,2004,Notes on Polish polypores 5.synopsis of the genus Spongipellis,Acta Mycologica,39(1):25-32
Qi L.L.,An Y.,and Li Y.,2011,Selected biological characteristics and artificial cultivation of Oudemansiella brunneomarginata,Shiyongjun Xuebao(Acta Edulis Fungi),18(3):35-38(祁亮亮,安颖,李玉,2011,褐褶边小奥德蘑生物学特性及驯化栽培,食用菌学报,18(3):35-38)
TomovskM.,2012,Delimitation of an almost forgotten species Spongipellis litschaueri(Polyporales,Basidiomycota)and its taxonomic position within the genus,Mycological Progress,11(2):415-424
Wang T.,Bao H.Y.,Tolgor B.,and Li Y.,2016,Biological characteristics and cultivation of Inonotus hispidus parasitizing on Ulmus macrocarpa var.mongolica,Junwu Xuebao(Mycosystema),35(6):694-704(王婷,包海鹰,图力古尔,李玉,2016,寄生于蒙古黄榆上的粗毛纤孔菌生物学特性及驯化栽培,菌物学报,35(6):694-704)
Zhang Q.Y.,Zhang B.,and Li Y.,2014,Biological characteristics and artificial cultivation of Isaria japonica,Junwu Yanjiu(Journal of Fungal Research),12(4):226-228,232(张清洋,张波,李玉,2014,大孢虫花生物学特性及驯化栽培,菌物研究,12(4):226-228,232)
Zhu Y.L.,2015,Studies on biological characteristics of strains related to Cordyceps and their relationship with Ophicordyceps sinensis,Thesis for M.S.,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Supervisor:Xie F.,pp.33-34(朱玉兰,2015,冬虫夏草相关菌株生物学特性及其与冬虫夏草菌相互关系的研究,硕士学位论文,兰州交通大学,导师:谢放,pp.33-34)