垃圾焚烧飞灰添加对沥青铺路烟气苯系物释放的影响
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摘要
为探究垃圾焚烧飞灰(以下简称飞灰)添加对沥青铺路烟气中苯系物的影响,实验室模拟研究了不同的温度区间(50～80、80～145、145～165、165～200、200℃恒温)及飞灰添加量(质量分数分别为0、3.0%、4.0%、5.0%)条件下,沥青烟气中苯系物的释放规律。结果表明:温度对苯系物的释放有显著的影响,苯系物释放浓度随着温度的增加而增加,在50～80、80～145、145～165、165～200℃及200℃恒温5个温度区间内苯系物的平均浓度较上一区间分别增加了1.02、2.22、0.50、1.08倍。实验中飞灰的添加对沥青烟气中苯系物的释放浓度无显著影响,但对各单体影响不同。当飞灰添加量为3.0%时,苯、乙苯、二甲苯(间二甲苯、对二甲苯、邻二甲苯)、三甲苯(1,3,5-三甲苯、1,2,4-三甲苯、1,2,3-三甲苯)释放浓度增加了16.78%、20.65%、37.69%、9.72%,随着飞灰添加量的继续增加其浓度增幅逐渐减少。
To investigate the effect of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash(hereinafter referred to as fly ash)addition on benzene series release in asphalt paving gas,laboratory simulations were conducted under different temperature(50-80,80-145,145-165,165-200,200 ℃ constant temperature)and fly ash addition(mass fraction 0,3.0%,4.0%,5.0%).The results showed that the temperature had significant effect on the release of benzene series.The benzene series release concentration increased with temperature.The average concentration of benzene series in the five temperature ranges increased by 1.02,2.22,0.50 and 1.08 times,respectively,compared with the previous temperature range.The fly ash addition in the experiment had no significant effect on the total concentration of benzene series,but had different effect on individual monomers.When fly ash mass fraction was 3.0%,the release concentration of benzene,ethylbenzene,xylene(meta-xylene,paraxylene,o-xylene),and trimethyl benzene(1,3,5-mesitylene,1,2,4-mesitylene and 1,2,3-mesitylene)increased by 16.78%,20.65%,37.69% and 9.72%,respectively.The percent increase gradually decreased with the increase of the fly ash mass fraction.
To investigate the effect of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash(hereinafter referred to as fly ash)addition on benzene series release in asphalt paving gas,laboratory simulations were conducted under different temperature(50-80,80-145,145-165,165-200,200 ℃ constant temperature)and fly ash addition(mass fraction 0,3.0%,4.0%,5.0%).The results showed that the temperature had significant effect on the release of benzene series.The benzene series release concentration increased with temperature.The average concentration of benzene series in the five temperature ranges increased by 1.02,2.22,0.50 and 1.08 times,respectively,compared with the previous temperature range.The fly ash addition in the experiment had no significant effect on the total concentration of benzene series,but had different effect on individual monomers.When fly ash mass fraction was 3.0%,the release concentration of benzene,ethylbenzene,xylene(meta-xylene,paraxylene,o-xylene),and trimethyl benzene(1,3,5-mesitylene,1,2,4-mesitylene and 1,2,3-mesitylene)increased by 16.78%,20.65%,37.69% and 9.72%,respectively.The percent increase gradually decreased with the increase of the fly ash mass fraction.
引文
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[27]耿九光.沥青老化机理及再生技术研究[D].西安:长安大学,2009.
[28]HUANG L S.Effect of cooling efficiency on emissions of volatile organic compounds from field asphalt pavement mixtures[J].Sensors and Materials,2018,30(3):633-644.
[29]DEL CARMEN RUBIO M,MORENO F,MARTINEZ ECHEV-ARRIA M J,et al.Comparative analysis of emissions from the manufacture and use of hot and half-warm mix asphalt[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2013,41:1-6.
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[31]张红华.抑烟沥青的性能及抑烟效果评价研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2014.
[32]GUBLER R,LIU Y,ANDERSON D,et al.Investigation of the system filler and asphalt binders by rheological means[J].Journal of Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists,1999,68:284-302.
[33]WU S P,MO L T,SHUI Z H,et al.Investigation of the conductivity of asphalt concrete containing conductive fillers[J].Carbon,2005,43(7):1358-1363.
[34]XU T,WANG H C,HUANG X M,et al.Inhibitory action of flame retardant on the dynamic evolution of asphalt pyrolysis volatiles[J].Fuel,2013,105:757-763.
[35]CHAO H P,LEE J F,LEE C K.Effects of dissolved chemicals on the volatilization rates of BTEX[J].Journal of Environmental Science and Health.Part A:Toxic/Hazardous Substances&Environmental Engineering,2000,35(6):869-881.
[36]朱杰.苯系物污染土壤气相抽提处理试验[J].环境化学,2013,32(9):1646-1652.
[2]柴晓利,王冬扬,高桥史武,等.我国典型垃圾焚烧飞灰物化特性对比[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2012,40(12):1857-1862.
[3]ZHOU H,WU C F,ONWUDILI J A,et al.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH)formation from the pyrolysis of different municipal solid waste fractions[J].Waste Management,2015,36:136-146.
[4]LEDERER J,TRINKEL V,FELLNER J.Wide-scale utilization of MSWI fly ashes in cement production and its impact on average heavy metal contents in cements:the case of Austria[J].Waste Management,2017,60:247-258.
[5]熊祖鸿,范根育,鲁敏,等.垃圾焚烧飞灰处置技术研究进展[J].化工进展,2013,32(7):1678-1684.
[6]靳美娟.城市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰水泥固化技术研究[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(6):3235-3241.
[7]彭政.垃圾焚烧飞灰二噁英的控制技术研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2007.
[8]刘新杰,王昊,刘丽丽.粉煤灰资源开发利用及产业发展[J].无机盐工业,2018,50(5):12-14.
[9]张海英,赵由才,祁景玉.生活垃圾焚烧飞灰的物理化学特性[J].环境科学与技术,2008,31(11):96-99.
[10]XUE Y,HOU H B,ZHU S J,et al.Utilization of municipal solid waste incineration ash in stone mastic asphalt mixture:pavement performance and environmental impact[J].Construction and Building Materials,2009,23(2):989-996.
[11]SAWADA K,MATSUDA H,MIZUTANI M.Immobilization of lead compounds in fly ash by mixing with asphalt,sulfur and sodium hydroxide[J].Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan,2001,34(7):878-883.
[12]ZAPATA P,GAMBATESE J A.Energy consumption of asphalt and reinforced concrete pavement materials and construction[J].Journal of Infrastructure Systems,2005,11(1):9-20.
[13]杨金忠,高何凤,黄启飞,等.飞灰添加对沥青铺路烟气PAHs释放的影响[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(4).
[14]USEPA.Hot mix asphalt plants-emission assessment report[R].Washington,D.C.:USEPA,2000.
[15]KITO A M,PIRBAZARI M,BADRIYHA B N,et al.Emissions of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds and particulate matter from hot asphalts[J].Environmental Technology,1997,18(2):121-138.
[16]GASTHAUER E,MAZE M,MARCHAND J P,et al.Characterization of asphalt fume composition by GC/MS and effect of temperature[J].Fuel,2008,87(7):1428-1434.
[17]LI L P,WU S P,LIU G,et al.Effect of organo-montmorillonite nanoclay on VOCs inhibition of bitumen[J].Construction and Building Materials,2017,146:429-435.
[18]ZANETTI M C,FIORE S,RUFFINO B A,et al.Assessment of gaseous emissions produced on site by bituminous mixtures containing crumb rubber[J].Construction and Building Materials,2014,67:291-296.
[19]CHONG D,WANG Y H,GUO H,et al.Volatile organic compounds generated in asphalt pavement construction and their health effects on workers[J].Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,2014,140(2):04013051.
[20]李菁若,谭巍,张东长,等.沥青路用城市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰的物化性能[J].北京工业大学学报,2018,44(2):268-275.
[21]李菁若,谭巍.城市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰对沥青混合料TSR的影响分析[J].中外公路,2016,36(1):250-253.
[22]谭巍,李菁若,季炜,等.城市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰在沥青混合料中的应用[J].中国公路学报,2016,29(4):14-21.
[23]李艳,耿丹,董新宁,等.1961-2007年重庆风速的气候变化特征[J].大气科学学报,2010,33(3):336-340.
[24]任国玉,郭军,徐铭志,等.近50年中国地面气候变化基本特征[J].气象学报,2005,63(6):942-956.
[25]才洪美,李朝霞,李静,等.拌和条件对沥青烟释放量的影响[J].新型建筑材料,2014,41(1):93-97.
[26]MONTGOMERY D C.Design and analysis of experiments[M].New Jersey:John Wiley&Sons,2017.
[27]耿九光.沥青老化机理及再生技术研究[D].西安:长安大学,2009.
[28]HUANG L S.Effect of cooling efficiency on emissions of volatile organic compounds from field asphalt pavement mixtures[J].Sensors and Materials,2018,30(3):633-644.
[29]DEL CARMEN RUBIO M,MORENO F,MARTINEZ ECHEV-ARRIA M J,et al.Comparative analysis of emissions from the manufacture and use of hot and half-warm mix asphalt[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2013,41:1-6.
[30]刘静.高温条件下沥青烟尘评价系统与抑制技术研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2012.
[31]张红华.抑烟沥青的性能及抑烟效果评价研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2014.
[32]GUBLER R,LIU Y,ANDERSON D,et al.Investigation of the system filler and asphalt binders by rheological means[J].Journal of Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists,1999,68:284-302.
[33]WU S P,MO L T,SHUI Z H,et al.Investigation of the conductivity of asphalt concrete containing conductive fillers[J].Carbon,2005,43(7):1358-1363.
[34]XU T,WANG H C,HUANG X M,et al.Inhibitory action of flame retardant on the dynamic evolution of asphalt pyrolysis volatiles[J].Fuel,2013,105:757-763.
[35]CHAO H P,LEE J F,LEE C K.Effects of dissolved chemicals on the volatilization rates of BTEX[J].Journal of Environmental Science and Health.Part A:Toxic/Hazardous Substances&Environmental Engineering,2000,35(6):869-881.
[36]朱杰.苯系物污染土壤气相抽提处理试验[J].环境化学,2013,32(9):1646-1652.