CO_2调控金针菇活性物质变化
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摘要
目的:探究高浓度CO_2对金针菇活性物质含量的影响。方法:通过套袋的方法积累高浓度CO_2,ELISA试剂盒测定金针菇的γ-氨基丁酸、谷氨酸脱羧酶、cAMP等3个指标的变化,考马斯亮蓝法测定蛋白质含量,DNS法测定还原糖含量,福林酚法测定多酚的含量。结果:与自然生长的对照组相比较,高CO_2浓度下,金针菇菌柄正常伸长,菌盖发育缓慢;还原糖最先被消耗;γ-氨基丁酸含量在Ⅰ到Ⅲ期均低于对照组,到Ⅴ期的与对照组相当;在Ⅰ和Ⅱ期,谷氨酸脱羧酶活性低于对照组,Ⅲ期活力上升;cAMP含量变化不大。结论:高浓度CO_2影响金针菇蛋白质,糖类和多酚类的含量,且最先响应的是糖类;γ-氨基丁酸和谷氨酸脱羧酶呈现出先抑后扬的模式,可能与菌柄伸长有关;cAMP含量变化较小,可能对菌柄伸长的贡献较小。
Objective:To explore the effects of high concentration of carbon dioxide(CO_2) on the contents of active substances of Flammulina velutipes.Methods: A high concentration of CO_2 was accumulated by bagging. The contents of γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamate decarboxylase and cAMP were determined by ELISA kits. The contents of protein, reducing sugar and polyphenol were determined by coomassie brilliant blue method, DNS method, and folin-phenol reagent method. Results: Compared with the control group by natural growth under the high concentration of CO_2, the stalk elongated normally, but the lid developed slowly. The reducing sugars were first consumed.The content of γ-aminobutyric acid in phase I to III was lower than that in the normal group, and the content in phase IV was the same as that in the control.In stage I and II, glutamate decarboxylase activity was lower than the control, and then increased in stage III. The content of cAMP did not vary much under the two cultivation conditions. Conclusion: In the cultivation process of Flammulinavelutipes, high concentration of CO_2 could affect the contents of protein, sugar and polyphenols. In addition, sugar was the first to respond. The variations of γ-aminobutyric acid and glutamate decarboxylase showed a U-shaped feature, which might be related with the elongation of the stalk. The content of cAMP changed little, which might contribute less to the stalk elongation.
Objective:To explore the effects of high concentration of carbon dioxide(CO_2) on the contents of active substances of Flammulina velutipes.Methods: A high concentration of CO_2 was accumulated by bagging. The contents of γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamate decarboxylase and cAMP were determined by ELISA kits. The contents of protein, reducing sugar and polyphenol were determined by coomassie brilliant blue method, DNS method, and folin-phenol reagent method. Results: Compared with the control group by natural growth under the high concentration of CO_2, the stalk elongated normally, but the lid developed slowly. The reducing sugars were first consumed.The content of γ-aminobutyric acid in phase I to III was lower than that in the normal group, and the content in phase IV was the same as that in the control.In stage I and II, glutamate decarboxylase activity was lower than the control, and then increased in stage III. The content of cAMP did not vary much under the two cultivation conditions. Conclusion: In the cultivation process of Flammulinavelutipes, high concentration of CO_2 could affect the contents of protein, sugar and polyphenols. In addition, sugar was the first to respond. The variations of γ-aminobutyric acid and glutamate decarboxylase showed a U-shaped feature, which might be related with the elongation of the stalk. The content of cAMP changed little, which might contribute less to the stalk elongation.
引文
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[16] Takayama M,Koike S,Kusano M,et al.Tomato glutamate decarboxylase genes SlGAD2 and SlGAD3 play key roles in regulating gamma-aminobutyric acid levels in tomato (Solanumlycopersicum)[J].Plant Cell Physiol,2015,56:1533-1545.
[17] Yu G H,Zou J,Feng J,et al.Exogenous gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) affects pollen tube growth via modulating putative Ca2+ permeable membrane channels and is coupled to negative regulation on glutamate decarboxylase[J].J Exp Bot,2014,65(12):3235-3248.
[18] Kanwal S,Incharoensakdi A.Characterization of glutamate decarboxylase from Synechocystis sp PCC6803 and its role in nitrogen metabolism[J].Plant Phys Biochem,2016,99:59-65.
[2] Zhang Y,Li H,Hu T,et al.Metabonomic profiling in study hepatoprotective effect of polysaccharides from Flammulinavelutipes on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury rats using GC-MS[J].Int J Biol Macromol,2018,110:285-293.
[3] Zhang Y,Li H,Yangg X,et al.Cognitive-enhancing effect of polysaccharides from Flammulinavelutipes on Alzheimer's disease by compatibilizing with ginsenosides[J].Int J Biol Macromol,2018,112:788-795.
[4] 周舆,李素英,吴佳佳,等.锡林浩特地区CO2浓度对气候暖干化的影响研究[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),2019,40(1):42-47.
[5] Kobayashi S,Inoue T,Ando A,et al.Total synthesis and structural revision of hericerin[J].J Org Chem,2012,77(13):5819-5822.
[6] Podlesakova K,Ugena L,Spichal L,et al.Phytohormones and polyamines regulate plant stress responses by altering GABA pathway[J].N Biotechnol,2019,48:53-65.
[7] Hyun T K,Eom S H,Han X,et al.Evolution and expression analysis of the soybean glutamate decarboxylase gene family[J].J Biosci,2014,39(5):899-907.
[8] Choi J,Jung W H,Kronstad J W.The cAMP/protein kinase a signaling pathway in pathogenic basidiomycete fungi:Connections with iron homeostasis[J].J Microbiol,2015,53(9):579-587.
[9] Sapio L,Gallo M,Illiano M,et al.The natural cAM pelevating compound forskolin in cancer therapy:Is it time?[J].J Cell Physiol,2017,232(5):922-927.
[10] Kenjiro K,Akira S,Yoshihiro T,et al.Effects of concentrated carbon dioxide on the fruiting of several cultivated basidiomycetes(II)[J].Mycoscience,1994,35(4):345-352.
[11] Sage R F.How terrestrial organisms sense,signal,and respond to carbon dioxide[J].Int Comp Biol,2002,42(3):469-480.
[12] Eastwood D C,Herman B,Noble R,et al.Environmental regulation of reproductive phase change in Agaricusbisporusby 1-octen-3-ol,temperature and CO2[J].Fungal Genet Biol,2013,55:54-66.
[13] Li L,Kitazawa H,Wang X,et al.Regulation of respiratory pathway and electron transport chain in relation to senescence of postharvest white mushroom (Agaricusbisporus) under high O2/CO2 controlled atmospheres[J].J Agric Food Chem,2017,65(16):3351-3359.
[14] Carillo P.GABA shunt in durum wheat[J].Front Plant Sci,2018,9:100.
[15] Ramesh S A,Tyerman S D,Gilliham M,et al.Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signalling in plants[J].Cellular Mol Life Sci,2017,74(9):1577-1603.
[16] Takayama M,Koike S,Kusano M,et al.Tomato glutamate decarboxylase genes SlGAD2 and SlGAD3 play key roles in regulating gamma-aminobutyric acid levels in tomato (Solanumlycopersicum)[J].Plant Cell Physiol,2015,56:1533-1545.
[17] Yu G H,Zou J,Feng J,et al.Exogenous gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) affects pollen tube growth via modulating putative Ca2+ permeable membrane channels and is coupled to negative regulation on glutamate decarboxylase[J].J Exp Bot,2014,65(12):3235-3248.
[18] Kanwal S,Incharoensakdi A.Characterization of glutamate decarboxylase from Synechocystis sp PCC6803 and its role in nitrogen metabolism[J].Plant Phys Biochem,2016,99:59-65.