不同活化剂对镉、铅单一及复合污染土壤的修复效果影响
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摘要
选取柠檬酸(CA)、木醋液(WV)、聚天冬氨酸(PASP)、羟基乙叉二磷酸(HEDP)和FeCl_3作为活化剂,以镉、铅单一和复合污染土壤为研究对象,采用振荡淋洗法结合形态分析技术研究活化剂对重金属污染土壤的修复效果。结果表明:(1)重金属单一污染时,5种活化剂对镉、铅均有一定的淋出效果,淋出效率均随活化剂浓度的增大而增大。活化剂通过淋洗实验主要淋出酸溶态和可还原态重金属。(2)重金属复合污染时,金属离子间的竞争作用会不同程度地影响重金属在土壤中的存在形态,进而影响重金属的淋出效率,多数情况下,铅的存在会促进镉的淋出,但镉的存在会抑制土壤铅的释放。
The oscillating elution method combined with morphological analysis technique was used to investigate the effect of different activators such as citric acid,wood acetic acid,PASP,HEDP and FeCl_3 on the activation and remediation of Cd and Pb single and compound contaminated soils.The results showed that:(1)the five activators had a certain leaching effect on Cd and Pb,and the leaching rate increased with the increasing of activator concentration for a single heavy metal-contaminated soil.The acid-soluble and reducible heavy metals was mainly removed by the activator.(2)For complex heavy metal-contaminated soils,in most cases,the leaching rate of cadmium was higher due to the presence of lead,but the release of lead was inhibited by the presence of cadmium,the competition between different metal ions had different effects on the presence of heavy metals,and further influence the leaching effect of heavy metals.
The oscillating elution method combined with morphological analysis technique was used to investigate the effect of different activators such as citric acid,wood acetic acid,PASP,HEDP and FeCl_3 on the activation and remediation of Cd and Pb single and compound contaminated soils.The results showed that:(1)the five activators had a certain leaching effect on Cd and Pb,and the leaching rate increased with the increasing of activator concentration for a single heavy metal-contaminated soil.The acid-soluble and reducible heavy metals was mainly removed by the activator.(2)For complex heavy metal-contaminated soils,in most cases,the leaching rate of cadmium was higher due to the presence of lead,but the release of lead was inhibited by the presence of cadmium,the competition between different metal ions had different effects on the presence of heavy metals,and further influence the leaching effect of heavy metals.
引文
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[7]龙珍,徐海涛,张亚平,等.活化剂联合植物移除污染土壤重金属的研究进展[J].环境工程,2016,34(10):172-176.
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[17]QIN F,SHAN X Q,WEI B.Effects of low-molecular-weight organic acids and residence time on desorption of Cu,Cd,and Pb from soils[J].Chemosphere,2004,57(4):253-263.
[18]马云龙,曾清如,胡浩,等.低分子有机酸对土壤中重金属的解吸及影响因素[J].土壤通报,2008,39(6):1419-1423.
[19]刘婷.表面活性剂和螯合剂洗脱多环芳烃/重金属单一及复合污染黄土研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2013.
[20]李玉双,胡晓钧,宋雪英,等.柠檬酸对重金属复合污染土壤的淋洗修复效果与机理[J].沈阳大学学报(自然科学版),2012,24(2).
[21]杨炜林,祖艳群,李元.土壤重金属化学形态的空间异质性及其影响因素研究[J].云南农业大学学报,2007,22(6):912-916.
[2]黄怡民,李果,陈宏.酒石酸释放土壤中Cu和Pb的研究[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(19):283-286.
[3]李玉双,胡晓钧,孙铁珩,等.污染土壤淋洗修复技术研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2011,30(3):596-602.
[4]JAWORSKA J S,SCHOWANEK D,FEIJTEL T C.Environmental risk assessment for trisodium[S,S]-ethylene diamine disuccinate,a biodegradable chelator used in detergent applications[J].Chemosphere,1999,38(15):3597-3625.
[5]WU L H,LUO Y M,XING X R,et al.EDTA-enhanced phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil with Indian mustard and associated potential leaching risk[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,2004,102(3):307-318.
[6]丁竹红,胡忻,尹大强.螯合剂在重金属污染土壤修复中应用研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2009,18(2):777-782.
[7]龙珍,徐海涛,张亚平,等.活化剂联合植物移除污染土壤重金属的研究进展[J].环境工程,2016,34(10):172-176.
[8]方莉,谭天伟.聚天门冬氨酸的合成及其应用[J].化工进展,2001,20(3):24-28.
[9]孙秀菊,崔爽,李萍,等.羟基乙叉二膦酸对镉污染土壤的修复效果[J].贵州农业科学,2014,42(4):199-201.
[10]徐社阳,陈就记,曹德榕.木醋液的成分分析[J].广州化学,2006,31(3):28-31.
[11]李忠徽,王旭东.灌施木醋液对土壤性质和植物生长的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(2):510-516.
[12]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[13]MAKINO T,TAKANO H,KAMIYA T,et al.Restoration of cadmium-contaminated paddy soils by washing with ferric chloride:Cd extraction mechanism and bench-scale verification[J].Chemosphere,2008,70(6):1035-1043.
[14]RAURET G,LOPEZ SANCHEZ J F,SAHUQUILLO A,et al.Application of a modified BCR sequential extraction(three-step)procedure for the determination of extractable trace metal contents in a sewage sludge amended soil reference material(CRM 483),complemented by a three-year stability study of acetic acid and EDTA extractable metal content[J].Journal of Environmental Monitoring,2000,2(3):228-233.
[15]RAURET G,LOPEZ SANCHEZ J F,SAHUQUILLO A,et al.Improvement of the BCR three step sequential extraction procedure prior to the certification of new sediment and soil reference materials[J].Journal of Environmental Monitoring,1999,1(1):57-61.
[16]MAKINO T,SUGAHARA K,SAKURAI Y,et al.Remediation of cadmium contamination in paddy soils by washing with chemicals:selection of washing chemicals[J].Environmental Pollution,2006,144(1):2-10.
[17]QIN F,SHAN X Q,WEI B.Effects of low-molecular-weight organic acids and residence time on desorption of Cu,Cd,and Pb from soils[J].Chemosphere,2004,57(4):253-263.
[18]马云龙,曾清如,胡浩,等.低分子有机酸对土壤中重金属的解吸及影响因素[J].土壤通报,2008,39(6):1419-1423.
[19]刘婷.表面活性剂和螯合剂洗脱多环芳烃/重金属单一及复合污染黄土研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2013.
[20]李玉双,胡晓钧,宋雪英,等.柠檬酸对重金属复合污染土壤的淋洗修复效果与机理[J].沈阳大学学报(自然科学版),2012,24(2).
[21]杨炜林,祖艳群,李元.土壤重金属化学形态的空间异质性及其影响因素研究[J].云南农业大学学报,2007,22(6):912-916.
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