旋轮虫在污水生物处理中的作用机制初探
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摘要
蛭形轮虫常被用作生物处理性能良好的指示生物.本文以一种常见的蛭形轮虫—旋轮虫(Philodina sp.)为研究对象,着重探讨了旋轮虫及其分泌物对活性污泥处理性能和细菌的作用方式,以明确旋轮虫在污水生物处理中的作用机制.结果表明,旋轮虫及其分泌物均在一定程度上提高了活性污泥对COD、氨氮、总磷的去除率,且两者的提高效果相近,表明旋轮虫分泌物是旋轮虫对活性污泥的主要作用形式,即非直接捕食性的间接作用是其主要作用形式.旋轮虫分泌物对絮凝性细菌的絮凝性、异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌的同步硝化和脱氮效能均有促进作用,进一步表明旋轮虫提高活性污泥活性的作用是通过其分泌物提高细菌活性的结果.此外,通过使用根癌农杆菌KYC55从旋轮虫分泌物中检测出AHLs信号分子的类似物,表明旋轮虫对细菌的作用机制可能是其分泌物误导或触发细菌的群体感应所致.本文结果为研究微型动物在污水生物处理中的作用机制提供了新的研究思路.
The bdelloid rotifers are often used as indicator organisms in biological wastewater treatment. In this paper, a common bdelloid rotifer, Philodina sp., was selected as a research object, and the effects of Philodina sp. and its secretion on the performance of activated sludge and the bacteria behavior were studied to determine the mechanism of Philodina sp. in biological wastewater treatment. The results show that both Philodina sp. and its secretion increased COD, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus remvoal by activated sludge, in similar pace, suggesting that the secretion of Philodina sp. is the main factor affecting the activated sludge. The Philodina sp. secretion can promote the flocculation of bacteria and the nitrogen removal by simultaneous heterotrophic nitrifying-aerobic denitrifying bacteria. In addition, the analogs of AHLs signaling molecules were detected in the secretion of Philodina sp. by using Agrobacterium tumefaciens KYC55, implying that the influence of on bacteria may be due to the secretion of Philodina sp. induces quorum sensing of bacteria. The results of this study provide a new idea for investigating the function of microfauna in biological wastewater treatment.
The bdelloid rotifers are often used as indicator organisms in biological wastewater treatment. In this paper, a common bdelloid rotifer, Philodina sp., was selected as a research object, and the effects of Philodina sp. and its secretion on the performance of activated sludge and the bacteria behavior were studied to determine the mechanism of Philodina sp. in biological wastewater treatment. The results show that both Philodina sp. and its secretion increased COD, ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus remvoal by activated sludge, in similar pace, suggesting that the secretion of Philodina sp. is the main factor affecting the activated sludge. The Philodina sp. secretion can promote the flocculation of bacteria and the nitrogen removal by simultaneous heterotrophic nitrifying-aerobic denitrifying bacteria. In addition, the analogs of AHLs signaling molecules were detected in the secretion of Philodina sp. by using Agrobacterium tumefaciens KYC55, implying that the influence of on bacteria may be due to the secretion of Philodina sp. induces quorum sensing of bacteria. The results of this study provide a new idea for investigating the function of microfauna in biological wastewater treatment.
引文
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陈声贵,许木启,曹宏,等.2003.活性污泥微型动物种群动态与水质净化效能的关系[J].动物学报,49(6):775-786
Ding G,Li X,Lin W,et al.2017.Enhanced flocculation of two bioflocculation-producing bacteria by secretion of Philodina erythrophthalma[J].Water Research,112:208-216
Federle M J,Bassler B L.2003.Interspecies communication in bacteria[J].The Journal of Clinical Investigation,112(9):1291-1299
Fuqua W C,Winans S C.1994.A LuxR-LuxI type regulatory system activates Agrobacterium Ti plasmid conjugal transfer in the presence of a plant tumor metabolite[J].Journal of Bacteriology,176:2796-2806
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Gurijala K R,Alexander M.1990.Effect of growth rate and hydrophobicity on bacteria surviving protozoan grazing[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,56(6):1631-1635
Hahn M W,Hofle M G.2001.Grazing of protozoa and its effect on populations of aquatic bacteria[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,35:113-121
梁晓彤,徐践.2017.MATLAB图像处理技术在农业病虫害识别中的应用分析[J].南方农业,11(21):117-122
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梁鹏,黄霞,钱易,等.2003.污泥减量化技术的研究进展[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,4(1):44-52
刘娟,杨敏,齐嵘,等.2009.污泥膨胀状态下原生动物群落结构分析[J].环境工程学报,3(2):229-233
Okada M,Nakamura Y,Hayashi S,et al.2015.Chemical structure and biological activity of a quorum sensing pheromone from Bacillus subtilis subsp.natto[J].Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters,25(19):4293-4296
Pajdak-Stós A,Fia?kowska E,Fyda J,et al.2010.Resistance of nitrifiers inhabiting activated sludge to ciliate grazing[J].Water Science and Technology,61(3):573-580
齐嵘,刘娟,杨敏,等.2013.无机废水硝化过程中原生动物群落结构特征及其变化规律[J].环境科学学报,33(1):53-57
沈萍,陈向东.2007.微生物学实验(第4版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社.1-275
孙晓霞,孙松.2014.海洋浮游生物图像观测技术及其应用[J].地球科学进展,29(6):748-755
Schuster M,Sexton D J,Diggle S P,et al.2013.Acyl-homoserine lactone quorum sensing:from evolution to application[J].Annual Review of Microbiology,67(1):43-63
Simek K,Vrba J,Pernthaler J,et al.1997.Morphological and compositional shifts in an experimental bacterial community influenced by protists with contrasting feeding modes[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,63(2):587-595
Weitere M,Bergfeld T,Rice S A,et al.2005.Grazing resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms depends on type of protective mechanism,developmental stage and protozoan feeding mode[J].Environmental Microbiology,7(10):1593-1601
Wu C Y,Ushiwaka S,Horii H,et al.2006.Boosting nitrification by membrane-attached biofilm[J].Water Science and Technology,54(9):121-128
Yang J,Wu D,Li A,et al.2016.The addition of N-hexanoyl-homoserine lactone to improve the microbial flocculant production of Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain F2,an exopolysaccharide bioflocculant-producing bacterium[J].Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology,179(5):728-739
Zhou K,Xu M,Liu B,et al.2008.Characteristics of microfauna and their relationships with the performance of an activated sludge plant in China[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,20(4):482-486
张晓宁.2010.原后生动物在生活污水处理中的指示作用[J].广东化工,37(11):119-120
Chen L J,Liu Q,Peng Z,et al.2012.Rotifer community structure and assessment of water quality in Yangcheng Lake[J].Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,30(1):47-58
陈声贵,许木启,曹宏,等.2003.活性污泥微型动物种群动态与水质净化效能的关系[J].动物学报,49(6):775-786
Ding G,Li X,Lin W,et al.2017.Enhanced flocculation of two bioflocculation-producing bacteria by secretion of Philodina erythrophthalma[J].Water Research,112:208-216
Federle M J,Bassler B L.2003.Interspecies communication in bacteria[J].The Journal of Clinical Investigation,112(9):1291-1299
Fuqua W C,Winans S C.1994.A LuxR-LuxI type regulatory system activates Agrobacterium Ti plasmid conjugal transfer in the presence of a plant tumor metabolite[J].Journal of Bacteriology,176:2796-2806
Ghyoot W,Verstraete W.2000.Reduced sludge production in a two-stage membrane-assisted bioreactor[J].Water Research,34:205-215
国家环境保护总局.2002.水和废水监测分析方法(第四版,增补版)[M].北京:中国环境出版社.1-826
Gurijala K R,Alexander M.1990.Effect of growth rate and hydrophobicity on bacteria surviving protozoan grazing[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,56(6):1631-1635
Hahn M W,Hofle M G.2001.Grazing of protozoa and its effect on populations of aquatic bacteria[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,35:113-121
梁晓彤,徐践.2017.MATLAB图像处理技术在农业病虫害识别中的应用分析[J].南方农业,11(21):117-122
Lapinski J,Tunnacliffe A.2003.Reduction of suspended biomass in municipal wastewater using bdelloid rotifers[J].Water Research,37(9):2027-2034
梁鹏,黄霞,钱易,等.2003.污泥减量化技术的研究进展[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,4(1):44-52
刘娟,杨敏,齐嵘,等.2009.污泥膨胀状态下原生动物群落结构分析[J].环境工程学报,3(2):229-233
Okada M,Nakamura Y,Hayashi S,et al.2015.Chemical structure and biological activity of a quorum sensing pheromone from Bacillus subtilis subsp.natto[J].Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters,25(19):4293-4296
Pajdak-Stós A,Fia?kowska E,Fyda J,et al.2010.Resistance of nitrifiers inhabiting activated sludge to ciliate grazing[J].Water Science and Technology,61(3):573-580
齐嵘,刘娟,杨敏,等.2013.无机废水硝化过程中原生动物群落结构特征及其变化规律[J].环境科学学报,33(1):53-57
沈萍,陈向东.2007.微生物学实验(第4版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社.1-275
孙晓霞,孙松.2014.海洋浮游生物图像观测技术及其应用[J].地球科学进展,29(6):748-755
Schuster M,Sexton D J,Diggle S P,et al.2013.Acyl-homoserine lactone quorum sensing:from evolution to application[J].Annual Review of Microbiology,67(1):43-63
Simek K,Vrba J,Pernthaler J,et al.1997.Morphological and compositional shifts in an experimental bacterial community influenced by protists with contrasting feeding modes[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,63(2):587-595
Weitere M,Bergfeld T,Rice S A,et al.2005.Grazing resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms depends on type of protective mechanism,developmental stage and protozoan feeding mode[J].Environmental Microbiology,7(10):1593-1601
Wu C Y,Ushiwaka S,Horii H,et al.2006.Boosting nitrification by membrane-attached biofilm[J].Water Science and Technology,54(9):121-128
Yang J,Wu D,Li A,et al.2016.The addition of N-hexanoyl-homoserine lactone to improve the microbial flocculant production of Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain F2,an exopolysaccharide bioflocculant-producing bacterium[J].Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology,179(5):728-739
Zhou K,Xu M,Liu B,et al.2008.Characteristics of microfauna and their relationships with the performance of an activated sludge plant in China[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,20(4):482-486
张晓宁.2010.原后生动物在生活污水处理中的指示作用[J].广东化工,37(11):119-120