隧道施工废水处理研究
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摘要
首先介绍了隧道施工废水的来源、水质特点以及国内外隧道施工废水的处理情况,然后对郑万线小三峡隧道施工废水进行了现场试验。结果表明:现有隧道施工废水中污染物以高浓度悬浮物(SS)为主,还含有少量的化学需氧量、氨氮、石油类等;混凝沉淀对SS去除率为86.0%～89.4%,气浮对SS的去除率为7.1%～21.3%,过滤对SS的去除率为52.9%～64.7%。气浮对SS的去除效果不佳。因此当废水中石油类污染物含量很低,满足污水综合排放标准时,建议取消气浮环节。
Firstly,the source of tunnel construction wastewater,the characteristics of water quality and the treatment of tunnel construction wastewater at home and abroad were introduced,and then the field tests were carried out on the wastewater from Xiaosanxia Tunnel construction in Zhengzhou-Wanzhou railway. The results show that the pollutants in the existing tunnel construction wastewater mainly contains high concentration suspended solids(SS)and also contains a small amount of chemical oxygen demand,ammonia nitrogen,petroleum and so on,the removal rate of SS by coagulation and sedimentation is 86.0% ～ 89.4%,the removal rate of SS by air floatation is 7.1% ～ 21.3% and the removal rate of SS by filtration is 52.9% ～ 64.7%. It is concluded that the removal effect of air floatation on SS is not good. Therefore,when the content of petroleum pollutants in wastewater is very low and meets the discharge standard of wastewater,it is recommended to remove the air floatation process.
Firstly,the source of tunnel construction wastewater,the characteristics of water quality and the treatment of tunnel construction wastewater at home and abroad were introduced,and then the field tests were carried out on the wastewater from Xiaosanxia Tunnel construction in Zhengzhou-Wanzhou railway. The results show that the pollutants in the existing tunnel construction wastewater mainly contains high concentration suspended solids(SS)and also contains a small amount of chemical oxygen demand,ammonia nitrogen,petroleum and so on,the removal rate of SS by coagulation and sedimentation is 86.0% ～ 89.4%,the removal rate of SS by air floatation is 7.1% ～ 21.3% and the removal rate of SS by filtration is 52.9% ～ 64.7%. It is concluded that the removal effect of air floatation on SS is not good. Therefore,when the content of petroleum pollutants in wastewater is very low and meets the discharge standard of wastewater,it is recommended to remove the air floatation process.
引文
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[3]梁军平,刘意立,赵国军,等.岩溶地区隧道施工对水环境影响评价指标体系的建立[J].环境工程,2017,35(4):129-133.
[4]张玉印.隧道施工的水环境问题及预防措施[J].铁道建筑技术,2015,55(8):56-60.
[5]丁远见.隧道施工废水处理技术研究[D].广州:暨南大学,2010.
[6]刘汉银,江龙.库区隧道施工废水综合治理技术[J].铁道建筑技术,2015,55(7):38-41.
[7]李传松,茹旭,曾庆华,等.顺坡铁路隧道施工废水清污分流方法研究与应用[J].铁道建筑,2018,58(10):60-62,77.
[8]郑新定,丁远见.隧道施工废水对水环境的影响分析及应对措施[J].现代隧道技术,2007,44(6):82-84.
[9]国家铁路局.铁路给水排水设计规范:TB 10010—2016[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2017.
[10]袁勇.歌乐山隧道施工与环境保护[J].现代隧道技术,2004,41(1):68-72.
[11]吴楠,王三反,黑见星,等.高海拔低温地区强化混凝沉淀过滤处理隧道施工废水[J].中国给水排水,2017,33(22):85-88.
[12]李东辉.改建铁路阳安线增建第二线隧道临时污水处理站给排水施工图[Z].西安:中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,2015.
[13]苏骁轶.新建铁路格尔木至库尔勒线阿尔金山隧道施工废水处理站给排水施工图[Z].西安:中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,2015.
[14]刘雷.新建铁路银川至西安线隧道临时污水处理站给水排水工程施工图[Z].西安:中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,2016.
[15]LEE J H,KIM J O,JEONG S U,et al. Characterization of Membrane Foulants in a Pilot-scale Tunnel Construction Wastewater Treatment Process[J]. Bioresource Technology,2014,171:384-388.
[16]TSAI Y W,LIU J C,LEU S S,et al.Treatment and Reuse of Tunnel Construction Wastewater[J]. Separation and Purification Technology,2012,84:79-84.
[17]LEE J H,JEONG S U,KIM Y M. Feasibility of a Two Step Microfiltration and Reverse Osmosis Membrane System for Reuse of Tunnel Wastewater[J].Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater,2013,27(6):779-785.