涌泉根灌湿润体水氮运移特性试验研究
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摘要
在陕北米脂山地微灌枣树示范基地原状土上进行了涌泉根灌肥液入渗试验,研究了湿润体特征值的变化规律及水氮运移特性.结果表明:涌泉根灌入渗能力随肥液质量浓度增大而增大,累积入渗量与入渗时间的关系符合Kostiakov模型;竖直剖面的水平和垂直方向上的湿润锋运移速度均随肥液质量浓度增大而增大,并与时间均呈良好的幂函数关系.肥液质量浓度越大,涌泉根灌相同时间内湿润体的湿润深度越深,相同位置处的土壤质量含水率越大.清水与不同肥液质量浓度的涌泉根灌土壤平均质量含水率分布规律类似,肥液质量浓度越大,相同土层深度的质量含水率越大.在一定施肥条件下,涌泉根灌肥液入渗相同深度处NO_3~--N与NH_4~+-N质量比均随肥液质量浓度增大而增大,经过水分再分布,均于土层深度70 cm处接近本底值.
In the jujube micro irrigation demonstration base on Mizhi Mountain of northern Shaanxi,infiltration experiments of fertilizer solution were carried out in undisturbed soil in bubbled-root irrigation to study wetting soil body and nitrogen transport characteristics. The results show that infiltration capacity of bubbled-root irrigation increase with increasing fertilizer concentration and the relationship between cumulative infiltration and infiltration time is in accord with Kostiakov model. The vertical and horizontal migration speeds of wetting front increase with increasing fertilizer concentration,and can be expressed as a power function of time. The greater the concentration of fertilizer solution,the deeper the wetting depth of wetting body in the same time,and the higher the soil moisture in the same position. The distribution of average water content of soil water in bubbled-root irrigation with different fertilizer concentrations is similar to the distribution of concentration of fresh water. The higher the con-centration of fertilizer and the higher the water content in the same soil depth. Under a certain fertilization condition,the contents of NO_3~--N and NH_4~+-N in the same infiltration depth of infused fluid by bubbled-root irrigation increase with increasing concentration of fertilizer solution. After water redistribution,the contents of NO_3~--N and NH_4~+-N in the depth of 70 cm are near their back ground values in the soil.
In the jujube micro irrigation demonstration base on Mizhi Mountain of northern Shaanxi,infiltration experiments of fertilizer solution were carried out in undisturbed soil in bubbled-root irrigation to study wetting soil body and nitrogen transport characteristics. The results show that infiltration capacity of bubbled-root irrigation increase with increasing fertilizer concentration and the relationship between cumulative infiltration and infiltration time is in accord with Kostiakov model. The vertical and horizontal migration speeds of wetting front increase with increasing fertilizer concentration,and can be expressed as a power function of time. The greater the concentration of fertilizer solution,the deeper the wetting depth of wetting body in the same time,and the higher the soil moisture in the same position. The distribution of average water content of soil water in bubbled-root irrigation with different fertilizer concentrations is similar to the distribution of concentration of fresh water. The higher the con-centration of fertilizer and the higher the water content in the same soil depth. Under a certain fertilization condition,the contents of NO_3~--N and NH_4~+-N in the same infiltration depth of infused fluid by bubbled-root irrigation increase with increasing concentration of fertilizer solution. After water redistribution,the contents of NO_3~--N and NH_4~+-N in the depth of 70 cm are near their back ground values in the soil.
引文
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[10]李耀刚,王文娥,胡笑涛.基于HYDRUS-3D的涌泉根灌土壤入渗数值模拟[J].排灌机械工程学报,2013,31(6):546-552.LI Yaogang, WANG Wene, HU Xiaotao. Numerical simulation of soil water infiltration under bubbled root irrigation based on HYDRUS-3D[J]. Journal of drainage and irrigation machinery engineering,2013,31(6):546-552.(in Chinese)
[11]高红贝,邵明安.温度对土壤水分运动基本参数的影响[J].水科学进展,2011,22(4):484-494.GAO Hongbei,SHAO Ming'an. Effect of temperature on soil moisture parameters[J]. Advances in water science,2011,22(4):484-494.(in Chinese)
[12]吕刚,顾宇书,魏忠平,等.白石砬子自然保护区几种主要植被类型土壤入渗特性研究[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(5):780-786.LYU Gang,GU Yushu,WEI Zhongping,et al. Study on soil infiltration characteristics under several typical vegetation in Baishilazi Nature Reserve[J]. Ecology and environmental sciences,2013,22(5):780-786.(in Chinese)
[13]董玉云,费良军,穆红文.肥液浓度对单膜孔入渗NO-3-N运移特性影响的室内试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(5):204-206.DONG Yuyun,FEI Liangjun,MU Hongwen. Laboratory experimental study on effects of fertilizer solution concentration on transport characteristics of NO-3-N under single film hole infiltration[J]. Transactions of the CSAE,2006,22(5):204-206.(in Chinese)
[14]程东娟,费良军,雷雁斌,等.膜孔灌灌施条件下硝态氮迁移分布规律研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2008,26(1):237-240,245.CHENG Dongjuan,FEI Liangjun,LEI Yanbin,et al.Study on the rule of nitric nitrogen movement and distribution under film hole irrigation with fertilizer[J]. Agricultural research in the arid areas,2008,26(1):237-240,245.(in Chinese)
[2]黎朋红,汪有科,马理辉,等.涌泉根灌湿润体特征值变化规律研究[J].水土保持学报,2009,23(6):190-194.LI Penghong,WANG Youke,MA Lihui,et al. Study on eigenvalues of wetted soil under surge root irrigation[J].Journal of soil and water conservation,2009,23(6):190-194.(in Chinese)
[3] SKAGGS,T H,TROUT T J,ROTHFUSS Y. Drip irrigation water distribution pattern:effects of emitter rate,pulsing and antecedent water[J]. Soil Science Society of America journal,2010,76(4):1886-1896.
[4] BEGGS,R A,TCHOBANOGLOUS G,HILLS D,et al.Modeling subsurface drip application of onsite wasterwater treatment system effluent[C]//Proceedings of the Tenth National Symposium on Individual and Small Community Sewage Systems,2004:92-103.
[5] COTE C M,BRISTOW K L,CHARLESWORTH P B,et al. Analysis of soil wetting and solute transport in subsurface trickle irrigation[J]. Irrigation science,2003,22(3/4):143-156.
[6]强敏敏,费良军,刘扬.调亏灌溉促进涌泉根灌枣树生长提高产量[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(19):91-96.QIANG Minmin,FEI Liangjun,LIU Yang. Regulated deficit irrigation promoting growth and increasing fruit yield of jujube trees[J]. Transactions of the CSAE,2015,31(19):91-96.(in Chinese)
[7]吴恒卿,黄强,魏群.涌泉根灌双点源交汇入渗湿润体试验研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(5):201-207.WU Hengqing,HUANG Qiang,WEI Qun. Moist body of two-point source interference infiltration of surge root irrigation[J]. Journal of Northwest A&F University(nat sci ed),2015,43(5):201-207.(in Chinese)
[8]樊晓康,陈俊英,牛文全,等.涌泉根灌土壤湿润体影响因素的试验研究[J].节水灌溉,2011(10):1-4,9.FAN Xiaokang,CHEN Junying,NIU Wenquan,et al.Experimental study on influencing factors of soil wetted body of clay loam under bubbled root irrigation[J].Water saving irrigation,2011(10):1-4,9.(in Chinese)
[9]李耀刚,王文娥,胡笑涛,等.涌泉根灌条件下土壤水分运动数值模拟研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2012,31(3):42-47.LI Yaogang,WANG Wene,HU Xiaotao,et al. Numerical simulation of soil water movement under bubbled root irrigation[J]. Journal of irrigation and drainage,2012,31(3):42-47.(in Chinese)
[10]李耀刚,王文娥,胡笑涛.基于HYDRUS-3D的涌泉根灌土壤入渗数值模拟[J].排灌机械工程学报,2013,31(6):546-552.LI Yaogang, WANG Wene, HU Xiaotao. Numerical simulation of soil water infiltration under bubbled root irrigation based on HYDRUS-3D[J]. Journal of drainage and irrigation machinery engineering,2013,31(6):546-552.(in Chinese)
[11]高红贝,邵明安.温度对土壤水分运动基本参数的影响[J].水科学进展,2011,22(4):484-494.GAO Hongbei,SHAO Ming'an. Effect of temperature on soil moisture parameters[J]. Advances in water science,2011,22(4):484-494.(in Chinese)
[12]吕刚,顾宇书,魏忠平,等.白石砬子自然保护区几种主要植被类型土壤入渗特性研究[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(5):780-786.LYU Gang,GU Yushu,WEI Zhongping,et al. Study on soil infiltration characteristics under several typical vegetation in Baishilazi Nature Reserve[J]. Ecology and environmental sciences,2013,22(5):780-786.(in Chinese)
[13]董玉云,费良军,穆红文.肥液浓度对单膜孔入渗NO-3-N运移特性影响的室内试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(5):204-206.DONG Yuyun,FEI Liangjun,MU Hongwen. Laboratory experimental study on effects of fertilizer solution concentration on transport characteristics of NO-3-N under single film hole infiltration[J]. Transactions of the CSAE,2006,22(5):204-206.(in Chinese)
[14]程东娟,费良军,雷雁斌,等.膜孔灌灌施条件下硝态氮迁移分布规律研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2008,26(1):237-240,245.CHENG Dongjuan,FEI Liangjun,LEI Yanbin,et al.Study on the rule of nitric nitrogen movement and distribution under film hole irrigation with fertilizer[J]. Agricultural research in the arid areas,2008,26(1):237-240,245.(in Chinese)
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