桉树择伐后套种3种阔叶树的生长及土壤理化性状效应分析
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摘要
为探讨桉树择伐后套种阔叶树的可行性和适生性,摸索适宜的桉树套种混交模式,对闽南山地桉树人工林择伐后分别套种米老排、卷荚相思、灰木莲所形成的复层异龄混交林分的生长量及土壤理化性状进行调查分析。结果表明:1)桉树择伐后,采用3桉∶3阔的行带状方式套种米老排、卷荚相思、灰木莲的不同混交林中,3个阔叶树种的保存率均较高且生长良好,均可达到速丰林的年均生长量标准;桉树—米老排、桉树—卷荚相思、桉树—灰木莲混交均可以有效促进桉树的生长,并在一定程度上改善土壤理化性状。2)套种后混交林中的桉树树高、胸径、材积分别比纯林提高3.35%～11.24%、4.05%～12.32%和11.85%～40.59%。3)米老排、卷荚相思和灰木莲与桉树的套种方式可作为桉树纯林择伐后套种混交的推荐模式。
In order to study the feasibility and suitability of interplanting broad-leaved trees after selective felling of Eucalyptus, a suitable mixed pattern of interplanting Eucalyptus was explored. The growth and soil physical and chemical properties of the multilayered mixed stands of Eucalyptus plantations in southern Fujian were investigated and analyzed after selective cutting. The results show that: 1) After a selective felling of Eucalyptus, different mixed forests were formed by intercropping Manglietia and Acacia capitalis and Manglietia chinensis with line and band patterns of 3 Eucalyptus trees: 3 broadleaf trees, and the three broad-leaved tree species all had high preservation rate and were all in good growth, which can meet the annual average growth standard of fast-growing and abundant forests, and mixed patterns of Eucalyptus+Mytilaria, Eucalyptus +Acacia, Eucalyptus+Magnolia can effectively promote the growth of Eucalyptus, and improve soil physical and chemical properties to a certain extent. 2) After interplanting, the height,DBH and timber volume of Eucalyptus in mixed forests increased by 3.35%-11.24%, 4.05%-12.32% and 11.85%-40.59% respectively compared with those of pure forest. 3) The patterns of Eucalyptus plantation after selective felling interplanting Mytilaria, Manglietia,Acacia could be recommended in production practice.
In order to study the feasibility and suitability of interplanting broad-leaved trees after selective felling of Eucalyptus, a suitable mixed pattern of interplanting Eucalyptus was explored. The growth and soil physical and chemical properties of the multilayered mixed stands of Eucalyptus plantations in southern Fujian were investigated and analyzed after selective cutting. The results show that: 1) After a selective felling of Eucalyptus, different mixed forests were formed by intercropping Manglietia and Acacia capitalis and Manglietia chinensis with line and band patterns of 3 Eucalyptus trees: 3 broadleaf trees, and the three broad-leaved tree species all had high preservation rate and were all in good growth, which can meet the annual average growth standard of fast-growing and abundant forests, and mixed patterns of Eucalyptus+Mytilaria, Eucalyptus +Acacia, Eucalyptus+Magnolia can effectively promote the growth of Eucalyptus, and improve soil physical and chemical properties to a certain extent. 2) After interplanting, the height,DBH and timber volume of Eucalyptus in mixed forests increased by 3.35%-11.24%, 4.05%-12.32% and 11.85%-40.59% respectively compared with those of pure forest. 3) The patterns of Eucalyptus plantation after selective felling interplanting Mytilaria, Manglietia,Acacia could be recommended in production practice.
引文
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[15]罗佳,周小玲,陈建华,等.桉树人工林土壤养分对凋落物分解的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(11):132-139.
[16]宋贤冲,项东云,杨中宁,等.广西桉树人工林根际土壤微生物群落功能多样性[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(1):58-61.
[17]李艳红,杨万勤,罗承德,等.桉-桤不同混合比例凋落物分解过程中土壤动物群落动态[J].生态学报,2013,33(1):159-167.
[18]卢立华,贾宏炎,何日明,等.南亚热带6种人工林凋落物的初步研究[J].林业科学研究,2008,21(3):346-352.
[19]张浩,庄雪影.华南4种乡土阔叶树种枯落叶分解能力[J].生态学报,2008,28(5):2395-2403.
[20]张贾宇,徐叶宁,陶慧颖,等.杨-桤短期混交的林地土壤养分异质性[J].生态环境学报,2018,27(2):216-223.
[2]于福科,黄新会,王克勤,等.桉树人工林生态退化与恢复研究进展[J].中国生态农业学报,2009,17(2):393-398.
[3]邓海燕,胡绍平,莫晓勇,等.桉树人工混交林营造技术研究综述[J].桉树科技,2017,34(4):53-58.
[4]KALBITZ K.,SCHWESIG D.,SCHMERWITZ J.,et al.Changes in properties of soil-derived dissolved organic matter induced by biodegradation[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2003,35(8):1129-1142.
[5]董敏慧,张良成,文丽,等.松树-樟树混交林、纯林土壤微生物量碳、氮及多样性特征研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(11):146-153.
[6]黄正暾,王顺峰,姜仪民,等.米老排的研究进展及其开发利用前景[J].广西农业科学,2009,40(9):1220-1223.
[7]魏国余,戴文君,方小荣,等.珍稀濒危植物灰木莲的研究现状及展望[J].浙江农业科学,2017,58(9):1596-1599.
[8]詹妮,黄烈健.我国相思类树种研究进展综述[J].热带林业,2015,43(3):41-45.
[9]韦铄星,刘晓蔚,张烨,等.桉树-药材复合经营模式生态经济效益研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2014,34(11):84-89.
[10]ROBINSON N,HARPER R J,SMETTEM K R J.Soil water depletion by Eucalyptus spp.integrated into dryland agricultural systems[J].Plant and Soil,2006,286(1/2):141-151.
[11]JON M,JESUS P.Impact of a eucalyptus(Eucalyptus globulus Labill.)plantation on the nutrient content and dynamics of coarse particulate organic matter(CPOM)in a small stream[J].Hydrobiologia,2004(528):143-165.
[12]FERREIRA V,ELOSEGI A,GULIS V,et al.Eucalyptus plantations affect fungal communities associated with leaf-litter decomposition in Iberian streams[J].Archiv Fuer Hydrobiologie,2006,166(4):467-490.
[13]JURSKIS V.Eucalypt decline in Australia,and a general concept of tree decline and dieback[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2005,215(1/3):1-20.
[14]王纪杰,王炳南,李宝福,等.不同林龄巨尾桉人工林土壤养分变化[J].森林与环境学报,2016,36(1):8-14.
[15]罗佳,周小玲,陈建华,等.桉树人工林土壤养分对凋落物分解的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(11):132-139.
[16]宋贤冲,项东云,杨中宁,等.广西桉树人工林根际土壤微生物群落功能多样性[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(1):58-61.
[17]李艳红,杨万勤,罗承德,等.桉-桤不同混合比例凋落物分解过程中土壤动物群落动态[J].生态学报,2013,33(1):159-167.
[18]卢立华,贾宏炎,何日明,等.南亚热带6种人工林凋落物的初步研究[J].林业科学研究,2008,21(3):346-352.
[19]张浩,庄雪影.华南4种乡土阔叶树种枯落叶分解能力[J].生态学报,2008,28(5):2395-2403.
[20]张贾宇,徐叶宁,陶慧颖,等.杨-桤短期混交的林地土壤养分异质性[J].生态环境学报,2018,27(2):216-223.
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