大汶河流域中游地下水水化学特征及水质评价
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摘要
通过对大汶河流域中游地区40件地下水样品进行测试分析,运用统计分析法分析了水化学指标特征,采用单因子评价法、模糊综合评价法进行了地下水水质评价。结果表明:1.地下水中pH值的含量相对稳定,K~+,Fe,Mn,NH~+_4,NO~-_2,Pb空间变异性较强;地下水中主要阳离子是Na~+,Ca~(2+),主要阴离子是SO■,Cl~-,NO~-_3。2.TDS、总硬度含量呈现由研究区东部柴汶河、牟汶河上游地区至西部大汶河下游河谷平原区,由东南部低山丘陵区至西北部山间沟谷地区逐渐增大的趋势。3.水质评价结果显示,大汶河流域中游地区地下水质量整体较差,多为Ⅳ类水和Ⅴ类水,无法满足当地居民的生活饮用水要求。研究成果为流域内水资源的合理开发利用提供了理论依据,为将来水资源保护提供了基础资料。
Through test and analysis of 40 groundwater samples in the middle reaches of Dawenhe river basin, by using statistical analysis method, characteristics of hydrochemical indicators have been analyzed. The groundwater quality has been valuated by using single factor evaluation method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. It is showed that the pH content of groundwater is relatively stable, and K~+, Fe, Mn, NH~+_4, NO~-_2 and Pb have strong spatial variability. Main cations in groundwater are Na~+ and Ca~(2+), main anions are SO■, Cl~- and NO~-_3. TDS and total hardness content in the study area has an increasing trend from the upper reaches of Chaiwenhe river and Mouwenhe river in the east to the valley plain in the lower reaches of Dawenhe river in the west, from southeast low hilly region to northwest intermountain valley region. As showed by water quality evaluation results, groundwater quality in the middle reaches of Dawenhe river basin is generally poor. Most of them are type IV water and type V water. It can not meet the requirement of drinking water of local residents. The research results can not only provide a theoretical basis for rational development and utilization of water resources in the basin., but also provide basic data for future water resources protection.
Through test and analysis of 40 groundwater samples in the middle reaches of Dawenhe river basin, by using statistical analysis method, characteristics of hydrochemical indicators have been analyzed. The groundwater quality has been valuated by using single factor evaluation method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. It is showed that the pH content of groundwater is relatively stable, and K~+, Fe, Mn, NH~+_4, NO~-_2 and Pb have strong spatial variability. Main cations in groundwater are Na~+ and Ca~(2+), main anions are SO■, Cl~- and NO~-_3. TDS and total hardness content in the study area has an increasing trend from the upper reaches of Chaiwenhe river and Mouwenhe river in the east to the valley plain in the lower reaches of Dawenhe river in the west, from southeast low hilly region to northwest intermountain valley region. As showed by water quality evaluation results, groundwater quality in the middle reaches of Dawenhe river basin is generally poor. Most of them are type IV water and type V water. It can not meet the requirement of drinking water of local residents. The research results can not only provide a theoretical basis for rational development and utilization of water resources in the basin., but also provide basic data for future water resources protection.
引文
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[3] 张新钰,辛宝东,王晓红,等.我国地下水污染研究进展[J].地球与环境,2011,39(3):415-422.
[4] 唐克旺,唐蕴,李原园,等.地下水功能区划体系及其应用[J].水利学报,2012,43(11):1349-1356.
[5] 亓慧亭.大汶口文化与大汶河流域综合开发[J].山东行政学院学报,2011,10(1):109-112.
[6] 杨子林,李培月,吴建华,等.泾源县饮用地下水水化学特征及水质评价[J].南水北调与水利科技,2010,8(5):99-104.
[7] HJ493-2009.水质采样、样品的保存和管理技术规定[S].
[8] GB5749-2006.生活饮用水卫生标准[S].
[9] GB/T14848-2017.地下水质量标准[S].
[10] 杨永鹏,曾维特,王晓林,等.地下水质量综合评价方法研究——以海口市为例[J].地下水,2017,39(6):1-6.
[11] 艾亚迪,魏传江,李丽琴,等.地下水质评价方法对比——以偃师市为例[J].节水灌溉,2018(11):77-80.
[12] 李录娟,邹胜章.综合指数法和模糊综合法在地下水质量评价中的对比——以遵义市为例[J].中国岩溶,2014,33(1):22-30.
[13] 王毅萍,周金龙,郭晓静.模糊综合评价法在新疆焉耆县浅层地下水水质评价中的应用[J].新疆农业大学学报,2010,33(2):167-171.
[14] 彭小金,张艳红,李辉辉.模糊综合评价在地下水质评价中的应用[J].水科学与工程技术,2008(6):46-48.
[15] 薛馨.基于模糊综合评价法的地下水环境质量评价[J].水利科技与经济,2014,20(11):16-18.
[16] 杨永鹏,陕宁.基于模糊综合评价法的海口地区浅层地下水水质评价[J].地下水,2017(4):20-22.
[17] 邓启军,李方红,李伟,等.蒲阳河流域地下水水化学及同位素特征[J].水文地质工程地质,2017,44(2):8-14.