喷施表油菜素内酯对籼稻和粳稻花时的影响
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摘要
以6个籼稻品种和6个粳稻品种为试验材料,于调查花时性状的前日17∶00、当日6∶00及8∶00分别喷施低浓度(0.01mg/L)、中浓度(0.10mg/L)和高浓度(1.00mg/L)的2,4-表油菜素内酯(epi-BR),以喷施不含epi-BR的水溶液为对照,调查6个与花时有关的性状在不同处理间的差异,包括始花时、盛花时、终花时、从始花时到盛花时的时间(简称始-盛时间)、从盛花时到终花时的时间(简称盛-终时间)、开花持续时间(简称始-终时间)。结果显示,不同浓度的epi-BR对供试品种的始花时、盛花时和终花时提前均有促进作用。籼稻品种中,0.10mg/L浓度的epi-BR促进花时提前的效果最明显,而粳稻品种中,1.00mg/L浓度的epi-BR促进花时提前的效果最明显。籼稻上施用高浓度(1.00mg/L)、中浓度(0.10mg/L)的epiBR可显著缩短始-盛时间;粳稻上只有施用高浓度(1.00mg/L)的epi-BR才能缩短始-盛时间。与对照相比,施用epi-BR可显著延长盛-终时间和始-终时间。供试籼稻品种以调查花时性状的当日6∶00喷施epiBR促进花时提前的效果最为明显,供试粳稻品种以调查花时性状的前日17∶00喷施促进花时提前的效果最好。供试籼稻品种比粳稻品种对epi-BR的响应更为敏感。促进籼稻花时提前的最佳处理是调查花时性状的当日6∶00喷施中浓度(0.10mg/L)的epi-BR,促进粳稻花时提前的最佳处理是调查花时性状的前日17∶00喷施高浓度(1.00mg/L)的epi-BR。
In this study, both six indica varieties and six japonica varieties were used to investigate the dynamics of floret opening. Three concentrations of epi-BR, including 0.01 mg/L, 0.10 mg/L and 1.00 mg/L, were sprayed on the whole plants at 17:00 previous day and 6:00 and 8:00 in the morning investigation day, respectively. Water, no epi-BR, was used as the control(CK). A total of six traits related to the floret opening time, including the flowering begin time(FBT), the vigorous flowering time(VFT), the flowering end time(FET), the time from flowering begin to vigorous flowering(BVT), the time from vigorous flowering to flowering end(VET), and the time from flowering begin to end(BET), were investigated after application of epi-BR on different treatments. Compared to the control, the epi-BR with different concentration could promote the FBT, VFT and EFT of indica and japonica varieties. The floret opening time was dramatically different among the epi-BR treatments with different concentration. The effect of 0.10 mg/L epiBR on promoting flowering time was the best treatment in indica varieties. While the effect of 1.00 mg/L epi-BR on promoting flowering time was the best treatment in japonica varieties. 0.10 mg/L and 1.00 mg/L epi-BR could promote BVT in indica varieties, but only 1.00 mg/L BR could promote BVT in ssp. japonica rice. Epi-BR could delay the VET and BET of rice compared to the no epi-BR treatment(CK). The effect of spraying at 6:00 of investigation day on promoting flowering time was the best in ssp. indica rice. The effect of spraying at 17:00 previous day of investigation day on promoting flowering time was the best in ssp. japonica rice. Response of floret opening of ssp. indica rice was more sensitive than that of ssp. japonica rice on epi-BR. Treatment with medium concentration(0.10 mg/L) of epi-BR at 6:00 of investigation day was the best treatment to promote flowering of ssp. indica rice. The treatment with heavy concentration(1.00 mg/L) of epi-BR at 17:00 previous day of investigation day was the best treatment to promote flowering of ssp. japonica rice.
In this study, both six indica varieties and six japonica varieties were used to investigate the dynamics of floret opening. Three concentrations of epi-BR, including 0.01 mg/L, 0.10 mg/L and 1.00 mg/L, were sprayed on the whole plants at 17:00 previous day and 6:00 and 8:00 in the morning investigation day, respectively. Water, no epi-BR, was used as the control(CK). A total of six traits related to the floret opening time, including the flowering begin time(FBT), the vigorous flowering time(VFT), the flowering end time(FET), the time from flowering begin to vigorous flowering(BVT), the time from vigorous flowering to flowering end(VET), and the time from flowering begin to end(BET), were investigated after application of epi-BR on different treatments. Compared to the control, the epi-BR with different concentration could promote the FBT, VFT and EFT of indica and japonica varieties. The floret opening time was dramatically different among the epi-BR treatments with different concentration. The effect of 0.10 mg/L epiBR on promoting flowering time was the best treatment in indica varieties. While the effect of 1.00 mg/L epi-BR on promoting flowering time was the best treatment in japonica varieties. 0.10 mg/L and 1.00 mg/L epi-BR could promote BVT in indica varieties, but only 1.00 mg/L BR could promote BVT in ssp. japonica rice. Epi-BR could delay the VET and BET of rice compared to the no epi-BR treatment(CK). The effect of spraying at 6:00 of investigation day on promoting flowering time was the best in ssp. indica rice. The effect of spraying at 17:00 previous day of investigation day on promoting flowering time was the best in ssp. japonica rice. Response of floret opening of ssp. indica rice was more sensitive than that of ssp. japonica rice on epi-BR. Treatment with medium concentration(0.10 mg/L) of epi-BR at 6:00 of investigation day was the best treatment to promote flowering of ssp. indica rice. The treatment with heavy concentration(1.00 mg/L) of epi-BR at 17:00 previous day of investigation day was the best treatment to promote flowering of ssp. japonica rice.
引文
[1]袁隆平.杂交水稻超高产育种.杂交水稻,1997,12(6):1-3.
[2]陈温福,徐正进,张龙步,等.北方粳型稻超高产育种理论与实践.中国农业科学,2007,40(5):869-874.
[3]万建民.中国水稻遗传育种与品种系谱.北京:中国农业出版社,2010:92-101.
[4]周燮.新发现的植物激素.南京:江苏科学技术出版社,2010:10-71.
[5]曾晓春,周燮.茉莉酸甲酯诱导水稻颖花开放.植物学报,1999,41(5):560-562.
[6]林俊城,田小海,殷桂香,等.人工调节籼型杂交水稻不育系花时的研究.中国农业科学,2008,41(8):2474-2479.
[7]张从合,陈金节,王合勤,等.光温敏核不育系广占63S开花习性观察.安徽农业科学,2003,31(5):715-717.
[8]闫志强,徐海,马作斌,等.籼稻与粳稻花时对茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)响应的敏感性差异.中国农业科学,2014,47(13):2529-2540.
[9]闫志强,徐海,宫彦龙,等.籼粳稻的花时对乙烯利调控的响应及其敏感性差异.沈阳农业大学学报,2015,46(6):641-647.
[10]Krumova S,Zhiponova M,Dankov K,et al. Taneva brassinosteroids regulate the thylakoid membrane architecture and the photosystem II function. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B:Biology,2013,126:97-104.
[11]Szekeres M,Németh K,Koncz-Kálmán Z,et al. Brassinosteroids rescue the deficiency of CYP90,a Cytochrome P450,controlling cell elongation and deetiolation in Arabidopsis. Cell,1996,85(2):171-182.
[12]Jaillais Y,Vert G. Brassinosteroids,gibberellins and light-mediated signalling are the three-way controls of plant sprouting. Nature Cell Biology,2012,14(8):788-790.
[13]姜树坤,黄成,徐正进,等.粳稻株高QTL与赤霉素和油菜素内酯合成及信号转导基因相关分析.中国农业科学,2010,43(14):2829-2838.
[14]王红红,李凯荣,侯华伟.油菜素内酯提高植物抗逆性的研究进展.干旱地区农业研究,2005,23(3):213-219.
[15]宋平,夏凯,吴传万,等.雄性不育和可育水稻开颖对茉莉酸甲酯响应的差异.植物学报,2001,43(5):480-485.
[16]程式华.中国超级稻育种技术创新与应用.中国农业科学,2016,49(2):205-206.
[17]徐正进,陈温福.中国北方粳型超级稻研究进展.中国农业科学,2016,19(2):239-250.
[18]林建荣,宋昕蔚,吴明国,等.籼粳超级杂交稻育种技术创新与品种培育.中国农业科学,2016,49(2):207-218.
[19]袁隆平.两系杂交水稻研究的进展.中国农业科学,1990,23(3):1-6.
[20]Kojima S,Takahashi Y,Kobayashi Y,et al. Hd3a,a rice ortholog of the arabidopsis FT gene,promotes transition to flowering downstream of Hd1 under short-day conditions. Plant Cell Physiology,2002,43(10):1096-1105.
[21]Yano M,Katayose Y,Ashikari M,et al. Hd1,a major photoperiod sensitivity quantitative trait locus in rice,is closely related to the Arabidopsis flowering time gene CONSTANS. Plant Cell,2000,12:2473-2484.
[22]Shelley R H,Federico V,Dean R,et al. Antagonistic regulation of flowering-time gene SOC1 by CONSTANS and FLC via separate promoter motifs. EMBO Journal,2002,21(16):4327-4337.
[23]Wei F J,Tsai Y C,Wu H P,et al. Both Hd1 and Ehd1 are important for artificial selection of flowering time in cultivated rice. Plant Science,2016,242:187-194.
[24]黄大军,陈国荣,贺良,等.花信灵在粳稻不育系繁殖中的应用研究.西南农业学报,2005,18(30):256-259.
[25]王忠,顾蕴洁,高煜珠.水稻开颖机理的探讨—Ⅳ.水稻小穗轴的结构及其开闭颖的关系.作物学报,1992,18(5):331-335.
[26]王忠,顾蕴洁,高煜珠.水稻开颖机理的探讨—Ⅲ.浆片的结构及其在开颖过程中内含物的变化.作物学报,1991,17(2):96-101.
[27]徐正进,陈温福,张龙步,等.水稻穗颈维管束性状的类型间差异及其遗传的研究.作物学报,1996,22(2):167-172.
[2]陈温福,徐正进,张龙步,等.北方粳型稻超高产育种理论与实践.中国农业科学,2007,40(5):869-874.
[3]万建民.中国水稻遗传育种与品种系谱.北京:中国农业出版社,2010:92-101.
[4]周燮.新发现的植物激素.南京:江苏科学技术出版社,2010:10-71.
[5]曾晓春,周燮.茉莉酸甲酯诱导水稻颖花开放.植物学报,1999,41(5):560-562.
[6]林俊城,田小海,殷桂香,等.人工调节籼型杂交水稻不育系花时的研究.中国农业科学,2008,41(8):2474-2479.
[7]张从合,陈金节,王合勤,等.光温敏核不育系广占63S开花习性观察.安徽农业科学,2003,31(5):715-717.
[8]闫志强,徐海,马作斌,等.籼稻与粳稻花时对茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)响应的敏感性差异.中国农业科学,2014,47(13):2529-2540.
[9]闫志强,徐海,宫彦龙,等.籼粳稻的花时对乙烯利调控的响应及其敏感性差异.沈阳农业大学学报,2015,46(6):641-647.
[10]Krumova S,Zhiponova M,Dankov K,et al. Taneva brassinosteroids regulate the thylakoid membrane architecture and the photosystem II function. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B:Biology,2013,126:97-104.
[11]Szekeres M,Németh K,Koncz-Kálmán Z,et al. Brassinosteroids rescue the deficiency of CYP90,a Cytochrome P450,controlling cell elongation and deetiolation in Arabidopsis. Cell,1996,85(2):171-182.
[12]Jaillais Y,Vert G. Brassinosteroids,gibberellins and light-mediated signalling are the three-way controls of plant sprouting. Nature Cell Biology,2012,14(8):788-790.
[13]姜树坤,黄成,徐正进,等.粳稻株高QTL与赤霉素和油菜素内酯合成及信号转导基因相关分析.中国农业科学,2010,43(14):2829-2838.
[14]王红红,李凯荣,侯华伟.油菜素内酯提高植物抗逆性的研究进展.干旱地区农业研究,2005,23(3):213-219.
[15]宋平,夏凯,吴传万,等.雄性不育和可育水稻开颖对茉莉酸甲酯响应的差异.植物学报,2001,43(5):480-485.
[16]程式华.中国超级稻育种技术创新与应用.中国农业科学,2016,49(2):205-206.
[17]徐正进,陈温福.中国北方粳型超级稻研究进展.中国农业科学,2016,19(2):239-250.
[18]林建荣,宋昕蔚,吴明国,等.籼粳超级杂交稻育种技术创新与品种培育.中国农业科学,2016,49(2):207-218.
[19]袁隆平.两系杂交水稻研究的进展.中国农业科学,1990,23(3):1-6.
[20]Kojima S,Takahashi Y,Kobayashi Y,et al. Hd3a,a rice ortholog of the arabidopsis FT gene,promotes transition to flowering downstream of Hd1 under short-day conditions. Plant Cell Physiology,2002,43(10):1096-1105.
[21]Yano M,Katayose Y,Ashikari M,et al. Hd1,a major photoperiod sensitivity quantitative trait locus in rice,is closely related to the Arabidopsis flowering time gene CONSTANS. Plant Cell,2000,12:2473-2484.
[22]Shelley R H,Federico V,Dean R,et al. Antagonistic regulation of flowering-time gene SOC1 by CONSTANS and FLC via separate promoter motifs. EMBO Journal,2002,21(16):4327-4337.
[23]Wei F J,Tsai Y C,Wu H P,et al. Both Hd1 and Ehd1 are important for artificial selection of flowering time in cultivated rice. Plant Science,2016,242:187-194.
[24]黄大军,陈国荣,贺良,等.花信灵在粳稻不育系繁殖中的应用研究.西南农业学报,2005,18(30):256-259.
[25]王忠,顾蕴洁,高煜珠.水稻开颖机理的探讨—Ⅳ.水稻小穗轴的结构及其开闭颖的关系.作物学报,1992,18(5):331-335.
[26]王忠,顾蕴洁,高煜珠.水稻开颖机理的探讨—Ⅲ.浆片的结构及其在开颖过程中内含物的变化.作物学报,1991,17(2):96-101.
[27]徐正进,陈温福,张龙步,等.水稻穗颈维管束性状的类型间差异及其遗传的研究.作物学报,1996,22(2):167-172.
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