临高人的体质特征
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摘要
应用《人体测量方法》调查了海南省临高成人417例(男211例,女206例)的71项体质指标,对18项体质指数进行计算,统计指数分型情况,并与我国部分族群体质资料进行比较,分析临高人的体质特征。结果显示:1)临高人头面部特征为圆头型、高头型、中头型、阔面型和中鼻型。临高人体部特征为中等型身材、中腿型、中胸型、宽肩型、中骨盆型、长躯干型。2)临高人以长躯干型、中腿型、宽肩型、中骨盆型、高头型、中头型、中鼻型出现率最高。3)临高人与海南其他族群比较头部、面部及五官部较宽,面部、鼻部高度值较小,身材宽而高。4)聚类分析显示,临高人体质特征与中国北方少数民族和其他地区汉族较接近。
This investigation was carried out in accordance with the methods from Martin's Anthropometric Methods.For this work,71 body mass indices of 417 Lingao adults(211 male,206 female) in Hainan Provincewere investigated,18 body mass indices were calculated,and the Lingao physical characteristics were compared to ethnic data.The results are as follows.The head-facial characteristics of the Lingao were brachycephaly,hypsicephalic,metriocephalic,euryprosopy,and mesorrhiny.The body characteristics of the Lingaoshowed medium stature,mesatiskelic,medium chest circumference,broad shoulder breadth,medium distance between iliac crests,and a long trunk.Compared with other ethnic groups in Hainan,the head,face and facial features of the Lingao were wider,the height of face and nose were smaller,and stature was wide and high.Cluster analysis showed that the physical characteristics of Lingao were close to Han in other areas and North Asian ethnic groups.
This investigation was carried out in accordance with the methods from Martin's Anthropometric Methods.For this work,71 body mass indices of 417 Lingao adults(211 male,206 female) in Hainan Provincewere investigated,18 body mass indices were calculated,and the Lingao physical characteristics were compared to ethnic data.The results are as follows.The head-facial characteristics of the Lingao were brachycephaly,hypsicephalic,metriocephalic,euryprosopy,and mesorrhiny.The body characteristics of the Lingaoshowed medium stature,mesatiskelic,medium chest circumference,broad shoulder breadth,medium distance between iliac crests,and a long trunk.Compared with other ethnic groups in Hainan,the head,face and facial features of the Lingao were wider,the height of face and nose were smaller,and stature was wide and high.Cluster analysis showed that the physical characteristics of Lingao were close to Han in other areas and North Asian ethnic groups.
引文
[1]黄光学,施联朱.中国的民族识别[M].北京:民族出版社,2005
[2]杨圣敏,丁宏.中国民族志[M].北京:中央民族大学出版社,2011
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[8]李培春,梁明康,吴荣敏,等.水族的体质特征研究[J].人类学学报,1994,13(1):56-63
[19]庞祖荫,李培春,梁明康,等.广西三江侗族自治县侗族体质调查[J].人类学学报,1989,8(3):248-254
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[22]朱芳武,林光琪,苏曲之.广西壮族居民三个组群的体质特征[J].广西民族研究,1994,03:38-49
[23]庞祖荫,李培春,梁明康,等.广西德峨苗族、彝族体质调查[J].人类学学报,1987,6(4):324-335
[24]曾宪智,戴福珍,史习舜,等.福建省福安市畲族成人体质调查报告[J].福建医学杂志,1996,,18(5):211-214
[25]崔静,邵兴周,王静兰,等.新疆哈萨克族体质特征调查[J].人类学学报,1991,10(4):303-313
[26]艾琼华,肖辉,赵建新,等.维吾尔族的体质特征研究[J].人类学学报,1993,12(4):357-365
[27]郑连斌,崔静,陆舜华,等.乌孜别克族体质特征研究[J].人类学学报,2004,23(1):35-45
[28]朱钦,刘文忠,李志军,等.蒙古族的体格、体型和半个多世纪以来的变化[J].人类学学报,1993,12(4):347-356
[29]朱钦,富杰,刘文忠,等.达斡尔族成人的体格、体型及半个多世纪以来的变化[J].人类学学报,1996,15(2):120-126
[30]陆舜华,郑连斌,索利娅,等.俄罗斯族体质特征分析[J].人类学学报,2005,24(4):291-300
[31]黄光学,施联朱.中国的民族识别[M].北京:民族出版社,2005
[32]李勃.汉代海南岛民户初论[J].新东方,2015,01:25-29
[33]詹慈.试论海南岛临高人与骆越的关系[J].中央民族学院学报,1982,03:84-92
[34]徐文龙.海南岛地区各民族ABO、MN血型之研究[J].人类学学报,1982,1(1):72-79
[35]杜娜.海南岛的地名与民族迁移[J].中国地名,1996,02:33-35
[36]许士杰.海南省-自然、历史、现状与未来[M].北京:商务印书馆出版社,1988
[2]杨圣敏,丁宏.中国民族志[M].北京:中央民族大学出版社,2011
[3]陈江.海南岛“临高人”族源族属之我见[J].东南文化,1987,3:116-121
[4]梁敏.“临高人”--百粤子孙的一支[J].民族研究,1981,4:7-17
[5]谢业琪.海南岛黎族指、掌纹研究及临高人与汉族、壮族指、掌纹特征比较[J].人类学学报,1982,1(2):137-148.
[6]董文静,李咏兰,宇克莉,等.海南临高人4项人类学特征的研究[J].天津师范大学学报:自然科学学报,2015,35(4):81-84
[7]席焕久,陈昭.人体测量方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2010
[8]邵象清.人体测量手册[M].上海:上海辞书出版社,1985
[9]吴汝康,吴新智,张振标,等.海南岛少数民族人类学考察[M].北京:海洋出版社,1994
[10]郑连斌,张兴华,包金萍,等.海南汉族体质特征[J].解剖学报,2012,43(6):855-863
[11]宇克莉,郑连斌,赵大鹏,等.汉族江淮方言族群的体质特征研究[J].解剖学报,2013,44(1):124-132
[12]张兴华,郑连斌,宇克莉,等.安徽滁州汉族体质特征[J].解剖学杂志,2013,36(1):95-101
[13]张兴华,郑连斌,宇克莉,等.闽南人的体质特征[J].人类学学报,2015,34(4):516-527
[14]郑连斌,陆舜华,于会新,等.佤族的体质特征[J].人类学学报,2007,26(3):249-258
[15]李明,李跃敏,余发昌,等.云南拉祜族的体质特征研究[J].人类学学报,2001,20(1):39-44
[16]郑连斌,张淑丽,陆舜华,等.布依族体质特征研究[J].人类学学报,2005,24(2):137-144
[17]梁明康,李培春,吴荣敏,等.贵州仡佬族体质特征[J].人类学学报,1994,13(1):64-71
[8]李培春,梁明康,吴荣敏,等.水族的体质特征研究[J].人类学学报,1994,13(1):56-63
[19]庞祖荫,李培春,梁明康,等.广西三江侗族自治县侗族体质调查[J].人类学学报,1989,8(3):248-254
[20]郑连斌,陆舜华,罗东梅,等.怒族的体质调查[J].人类学学报,2008,27(2):158-166
[21]郑连斌,陆舜华,许渤松,等.中国独龙族与莽人的体质特征[J].人类学学报,2008,27(4):350-358
[22]朱芳武,林光琪,苏曲之.广西壮族居民三个组群的体质特征[J].广西民族研究,1994,03:38-49
[23]庞祖荫,李培春,梁明康,等.广西德峨苗族、彝族体质调查[J].人类学学报,1987,6(4):324-335
[24]曾宪智,戴福珍,史习舜,等.福建省福安市畲族成人体质调查报告[J].福建医学杂志,1996,,18(5):211-214
[25]崔静,邵兴周,王静兰,等.新疆哈萨克族体质特征调查[J].人类学学报,1991,10(4):303-313
[26]艾琼华,肖辉,赵建新,等.维吾尔族的体质特征研究[J].人类学学报,1993,12(4):357-365
[27]郑连斌,崔静,陆舜华,等.乌孜别克族体质特征研究[J].人类学学报,2004,23(1):35-45
[28]朱钦,刘文忠,李志军,等.蒙古族的体格、体型和半个多世纪以来的变化[J].人类学学报,1993,12(4):347-356
[29]朱钦,富杰,刘文忠,等.达斡尔族成人的体格、体型及半个多世纪以来的变化[J].人类学学报,1996,15(2):120-126
[30]陆舜华,郑连斌,索利娅,等.俄罗斯族体质特征分析[J].人类学学报,2005,24(4):291-300
[31]黄光学,施联朱.中国的民族识别[M].北京:民族出版社,2005
[32]李勃.汉代海南岛民户初论[J].新东方,2015,01:25-29
[33]詹慈.试论海南岛临高人与骆越的关系[J].中央民族学院学报,1982,03:84-92
[34]徐文龙.海南岛地区各民族ABO、MN血型之研究[J].人类学学报,1982,1(1):72-79
[35]杜娜.海南岛的地名与民族迁移[J].中国地名,1996,02:33-35
[36]许士杰.海南省-自然、历史、现状与未来[M].北京:商务印书馆出版社,1988