羌北-昌都地块那益雄组火山岩锆石U-Pb年代学及地球化学特征
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摘要
本文对青藏高原羌北-昌都地块阿布日阿加措地区的晚二叠世那益雄组火山岩进行了年代学和地球化学研究。该火山岩主要由玄武岩、安山玄武岩、安山岩、流纹岩、凝灰岩组成,具有碱性玄武岩到酸性熔岩的特征。锆石U-Pb年代学研究表明该火山岩的形成时代为251. 1±4. 8～249. 6±1. 3 Ma之间。地球化学分析结果表明,该地区的流纹岩具有高的Si O2(74. 85%～77. 55%)和Na2O+K2O(5. 40%～6. 61%)含量,较低的MgO、K2O和Ca O含量,Al2O3含量低且稳定,里特曼指数平均为1. 15,小于3. 3。安山岩Si O2含量55. 13%～56. 28%,Na2O+K2O含量4. 13%～6. 15%,里特曼指数平均为2. 20,小于3. 3,属于钙碱性安山岩。碱性玄武岩Si O2含量51. 49%,Na2O+K2O含量6. 34%,里特曼指数为4. 73,属于碱性系列。稀土元素配分曲线为富集LREE的右倾型。另外,富集大离子亲石元素(LILE) Th、U,亏损高场强元素(HFSE) Nb、Ta等特征,均说明羌北-昌都地块阿布日阿加措地区的火山岩形成于陆缘岛弧环境。
Upper Permian Nayixiong Formation volcanic rocks from northern Qiangtang-Qamdo landmass of the Tibetan Plateau have many geochemical characteristics and zircon U-Pb dating data. The main volcanic rocks are basalt, andesite-basalt, andesite, rhyolite, tuff, which have the characteristics of alkaline basalt to acidic rhyolite.The result of the geochronologic study of zircon U-Pb dating data shows that the volcanic eruption ages vary from251. 1 ± 4. 8 Ma to 249. 6 ± 1. 3 Ma. Geochemical characteristics show that the rocks are characterized by high Si O2(74. 85% ～ 77. 55%) and Na2 O + K2O(5. 40% ～ 6. 61%), low MgO, K2 O and CaO as well as low and stable Al2O3 content. The average Rittmann index of the rhyolite is 1. 15, less than 3. 3. The lithochemistry feature shows that the rhyolite belongs to the calc-alkaline volcanic rocks. Main element features of the andesite show that the SiO2 content is 55. 13% ～ 56. 28% and the Na2 O + K2 O content is 4. 13% ～ 6. 15%. The average Rittmann index of the andesite is 2. 20, less than 3. 3. The lithochemical features show that the andesite belongs to the calc-alkaline volcanic rocks. The content of the alkaline basalt is 51. 49%, Na2 O + K2 O is 6. 34%, and the Rittmann index is4. 73, which shows that the basalt belongs to the alkaline volcanic rock. In addition, the granodiorite body of Nyixiong Formation volcanic rocks belongs to aluminous-peraluminous series of enriched LREE. These volcanic rocks are characterized by high LILE(Th, U) and LREE and obvious depletion of HFSE(Nb, Ta). The geochemical compositions of volcanic rocks belong to island arc volcanic rocks.
Upper Permian Nayixiong Formation volcanic rocks from northern Qiangtang-Qamdo landmass of the Tibetan Plateau have many geochemical characteristics and zircon U-Pb dating data. The main volcanic rocks are basalt, andesite-basalt, andesite, rhyolite, tuff, which have the characteristics of alkaline basalt to acidic rhyolite.The result of the geochronologic study of zircon U-Pb dating data shows that the volcanic eruption ages vary from251. 1 ± 4. 8 Ma to 249. 6 ± 1. 3 Ma. Geochemical characteristics show that the rocks are characterized by high Si O2(74. 85% ～ 77. 55%) and Na2 O + K2O(5. 40% ～ 6. 61%), low MgO, K2 O and CaO as well as low and stable Al2O3 content. The average Rittmann index of the rhyolite is 1. 15, less than 3. 3. The lithochemistry feature shows that the rhyolite belongs to the calc-alkaline volcanic rocks. Main element features of the andesite show that the SiO2 content is 55. 13% ～ 56. 28% and the Na2 O + K2 O content is 4. 13% ～ 6. 15%. The average Rittmann index of the andesite is 2. 20, less than 3. 3. The lithochemical features show that the andesite belongs to the calc-alkaline volcanic rocks. The content of the alkaline basalt is 51. 49%, Na2 O + K2 O is 6. 34%, and the Rittmann index is4. 73, which shows that the basalt belongs to the alkaline volcanic rock. In addition, the granodiorite body of Nyixiong Formation volcanic rocks belongs to aluminous-peraluminous series of enriched LREE. These volcanic rocks are characterized by high LILE(Th, U) and LREE and obvious depletion of HFSE(Nb, Ta). The geochemical compositions of volcanic rocks belong to island arc volcanic rocks.
引文
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Sun S S and Mc Donough W F.1989.Chemical and isotopic systematics ofoceanic basalt:Implications for mantle composition and processes[J].Geological Society,London,Specical Publications,42:313~345(in Chinese with English abstract).
Tao Yan,Bi Xianwu,Xin Zhonglei,et al.2011.Geology,geochemistry and origin of Lanuoma Pb-Zn-Sb depositin Changdu area,Tibet[J].Mineral Deposits,30(4):599~615(in Chinese with English abstract).
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Wang Jian,Wang Zhengjiang,Chen Wenxi,et al.2007.New evidences for the age assignment of the Nadi Kangri Formation in the North Qiangtang basin,northern Tibet,China[J].Geological Bulletin of China,26(4):404~409(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Yunliang,Zhang Chengjiang and Xiu Shuzhi.2001.Th/Hf-Ta/Hf identification of tectonic setting of basalts[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,17(3):413~421(in Chinese with English abstract).
Winchester J A and Floyd P A.1977.Geochemical discrimination of different magma series and their differentiation products using immobile elements[J].Chemical Geology,20(4):325~343.
Wu Yuanbao and Zheng Yongfei.2004.Genesis of zircon and its constraints on interpretation of U-Pb age[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,49(15):1 554~1 569(in Chinese).
Yang Zijiang and Li Xianyang.2006.Early Triassic collision of northern Lancangjiang suture:Geochronological,geochemical and Hf isotope evidences from the granitic gneiss in leiwuqi area east Tibet[J].Geological Bulletin of China,25(1):118~123(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yuan Honglin,Wu Fuyuan,Gao Shan,et al.2003.Ziron U-Pb age and REE contents analysis of Cenozoic era intrusion in North-east area[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,48(14):1 511~1 520(in Chinese).
Zhang Tengjiao,Chen Ying and Li Youguo.2017.Zircon U-Pb geochronology and geochemistry characteristics of the North Qingcaoshan granodiorite in the southern margin of Qiangtang,Tibet,and their metallogenic significance[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,91(8):1 729~1 742(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Yifu.1991.The characteristics of Kekexili-Bayankala and nearby Tethys ocean[J].Geological of Qinghai,(1):62~72(in Chinese).
Zhou Hua,Qiu Jiansheng,Yu Sibin,et al.2016.Geochronology and geochemistry of volcanic rocks from Coqen District of Tibet and their implications for petrogenesis[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,90(11):3 173~3 191(in Chinese with English abstract).
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