渭南市植被覆盖变化及其与气候因子的相关性
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摘要
植被动态监测以及植被与气候因子的响应关系是陆地生态系统研究的热点。利用渭南市2000—2015年MODIS植被指数数据集以及相关气象资料,采用Man-Kendell检验、趋势分析和相关分析等方法,揭示渭南市植被覆盖度时空动态特征及其与气候因子的相关性。结果表明:(1)渭南市植被覆盖度在2000—2015年间呈显著上升趋势(0.007a~(–1))。(2)渭南市植被覆盖度在空间上表现为由南向北逐渐减小的趋势。(3)渭南市植被覆盖度以中覆盖度为主,2000、2005、2010和2015年所占比重分别为71.31%、68.54%、73.02%和53.07%。(4)年尺度上,渭南市植被覆盖度与降雨量和气温表现为不显著正相关。月尺度上,渭南市植被覆盖度与降雨量和气温相关系数较高。相对于温度,渭南市植被覆盖度对降水量的响应更为敏感,为水分限制型生态区。
Vegetation dynamic monitoring and the relationship between vegetation and climate change are the hotspots of terrestrial ecosystem research. Based on the MODIS vegetation index data set and related meteorological data from 2000 to 2015 in Weinan City, Mann-Kendell test, trend analysis and correlation analysis were used to reveal the temporal and spatial dynamic characteristics of vegetation coverage and its correlation with climate factors. The results showed that:(1) Vegetation coverage in Weinan City showed a significant upward trend(0.007 a~(-1)) from 2000 to 2015.(2) The vegetation coverage in Weinan City showed a trend of decreasing from south to north.(3) Vegetation coverage in Weinan City was dominated by medium coverage, accounting for 71.31%, 68.54%, 73.02% and 53.07% in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015, respectively.(4) On the annual scale, the vegetation coverage was not significantly positively correlated with rainfall and temperature. On the monthly scale, the correlation coefficient between vegetation coverage and rainfall and temperature in the study area was higher. Compared with the temperature, the vegetation coverage of Weinan City was more sensitive to the precipitation, and it was a water-restricted ecological zone.
Vegetation dynamic monitoring and the relationship between vegetation and climate change are the hotspots of terrestrial ecosystem research. Based on the MODIS vegetation index data set and related meteorological data from 2000 to 2015 in Weinan City, Mann-Kendell test, trend analysis and correlation analysis were used to reveal the temporal and spatial dynamic characteristics of vegetation coverage and its correlation with climate factors. The results showed that:(1) Vegetation coverage in Weinan City showed a significant upward trend(0.007 a~(-1)) from 2000 to 2015.(2) The vegetation coverage in Weinan City showed a trend of decreasing from south to north.(3) Vegetation coverage in Weinan City was dominated by medium coverage, accounting for 71.31%, 68.54%, 73.02% and 53.07% in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015, respectively.(4) On the annual scale, the vegetation coverage was not significantly positively correlated with rainfall and temperature. On the monthly scale, the correlation coefficient between vegetation coverage and rainfall and temperature in the study area was higher. Compared with the temperature, the vegetation coverage of Weinan City was more sensitive to the precipitation, and it was a water-restricted ecological zone.
引文
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[2]XU Yufeng,YANG Jing,CHEN Yaning.NDVI based vegetation responses to climate change in an arid area of China[J].Theoretical and Applied Climatology,2016,126(1-2):213-222.
[3]ZHANG Geli,XU Xingliang,ZHOU Caiping,et al.Responses of grassland vegetation to climatic variations on different temporal scales in Hulun Buir Grassland in the past 30 years[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2011,21(4):634-650.
[4]WU Chao,VENEVSKY S,SITCH S,et al.Presentday and future contribution of climate and fires to vegetation composition in the boreal forest of China[J].Ecosphere,2017,8(8):10.1002/ecs2.1917.
[5]HOU Wenjuan,GAO Jiangbo,WU Shaolong,et al.Interannual variations in growing-season NDVI and its correlation with climate variables in the southwestern Karst Region of China[J].Remote Sensing,2015,7(9):11105-11124.
[6]PARMESAN C,YOHE G.A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems[J].Nature,2003,421(6918):37-42.
[7]CAO Mingkui,WOODWARD F I.Dynamic responses of terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycling to global climate change[J].Nature,1998,393(6682):249-252.
[8]JIAPAER G,LIANG Shunlin,YI Qiuxiang,et al.Vegetation dynamics and responses to recent climate change in Xinjiang using leaf area index as an indicator[J].Ecological Indicators,2015,58:64-76.
[9]LIU Yanlan,LEI Huimin.Responses of natural vegetation dynamics to climate drivers in China from 1982 to 2011[J].Remote Sensing,2015,7(8):10243-10268.
[10]CHEN Aifang,HE Bin,WANG Honglin,et al.Notable shifting in the responses of vegetation activity to climate change in China[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,Parts A/B/C,2015,87-88:60-66.
[11]YANG Jun,GONG Peng,FU Rong,et al.The role of satellite remote sensing in climate change studies[J].Nature Climate Change,2013,3(11):875-883.
[12]HUETE A.Vegetation's responses to climate variability[J].Nature,2016,531(7593):181-182.
[13]TUCKER C J,SLAYBACK,D A,PINZON,J E,et al.Higher northern latitude normalized difference vegetation index and growing season trends from 1982 to 1999[J].International Journal of Biometeorology,2001,45(4),184-190.
[14]XU Haojie,WANG Xinping,YANG Taibo.Trend shifts in satellite-derived vegetation growth in Central Eurasia,1982-2013[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,579:1658-1674.
[15]LAMCHIN M,LEE W K,JEON S W,et al.Long-term trend and correlation between vegetation greenness and climate variables in Asia based on satellite data[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,618:1089-1095.
[16]HE Bin,CHEN Aifang,WANG Honglin,et al.Dynamic response of satellite-derived vegetation growth to climate change in the Three North Shelter Forest Region in China[J].Remote Sensing,2015,7(8):9998-10016.
[17]PIAO Shilong,WANG Xuhui,CIAIS P,et al.Changes in satellite-derived vegetation growth trend in temperate and boreal Eurasia from 1982 to 2006[J].Global Change Biology,2011,17(10):3228-3239.
[18]宋慧敏,薛亮.基于遥感生态指数模型的渭南市生态环境质量动态监测与分析[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(12):3913-3919.
[19]李小燕.区域生态系统服务价值量与环境压力分析-以渭南市为例[J].干旱区研究,2008,25(5):729-734.
[20]HUTE A,JUSTICE C,VAN LEEWEN W.MODISVegetation Index(MODIS 13)algorithm theo retical basis document[B]:New York:NASA Press,1996.
[21]谢余初.近60年金塔绿洲时空变化及其驱动力研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2012.
[22]水利部.土壤侵蚀分级分类标准[S].2008.
[23]沈艳,冯明农,张洪政,等.我国逐日降水量格点化方法[J].应用气象学报,2010,21(3):279-286.
[24]BURN D H,HAG ELNUR M A.Detection of hydrologic trends and variability[J].Journal of Hydrology,2002,255(1-4):107-122.
[25]FERI C,SCHAR C.Detection probability of trends in rare enents:Theory and application to heavy precipitation in the Alpine region[J].Journal of Climate,2011,14(7):1568-1584.
[26]MANN H B.Nonparametric tests against trend[J].Econometrica,1945,13:245-249.
[27]STOW D,DAESCHNER S,HOPE A,et al.Variability of the seasonally integrated Normalized Difference Vegetation Index across the north slope of Alaska in the 1990s[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,2003,24(5):1111-1117.
[28]穆少杰,李建龙,陈奕兆,等.2001-2010年内蒙古植被覆盖度时空变化特征[J].地理学报,2012,67(9):1255-1268.
[29]周伟,刚成诚,李建龙,等.1982-2010年中国草地覆盖度的时空动态及其对气候变化的响应[J].地理学报,2014,69(1):15-30.
[30]王静,万红莲,张翀.2001年以来宝鸡地区植被覆盖时空演变及驱动力分析[J].植物科学学报,2018,36(3):336-344.
[31]渭南市林业局.退耕还林工程:http://www.wnlyw.gov.cn/cllh/gjcd/496105.htm[EB].2018.
[32]刘宪锋,任志远.西北地区植被覆盖变化及其与气候因子的关系[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(10):1954-1963.
[33]张含玉,方怒放,史志华.黄土高原植被覆盖时空变化及其对气候因子的响应[J].生态学报,2016,36(13):3960-3968.
[34]孙睿,刘昌明,朱启疆.黄河流域植被覆盖度动态变化与降水的关系[J].地理学报,2001,56(6):667-672.
[35]张翀,任志远,李小燕.黄土高原植被对气温和降水的响应[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(20):4205-4215.