基于问题导向的水生态文明概念与内涵
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摘要
分析了我国水环境问题的特点、水生态环境问题产生的机理与表征,探讨了水生态文明的概念内涵及其主要特征,认为水生态文明是以生态文明理念为指导,以保障经济社会可持续发展和实现水生态系统稳定健康为目标,形成用于规范人类涉水行为,贯穿于水资源开发、利用、治理、配置、节约、保护等各方面和水利规划、建设、管理等各环节的一整套理念、技术和管理成果体系;人水和谐是水生态文明建设的灵魂,保障经济社会可持续发展和实现水生态系统稳定健康是水生态文明建设的两个基本点。
The characteristics of water environment problems in China, the mechanism and characterization of water ecological environment problems are analyzed. The conceptual connotation and main characteristics of aquatic ecological civilization are discussed. It is believed that water ecological civilization is guided by the concept of ecological civilization, aiming at ensuring sustainable economic and social development and achieving stable and healthy aquatic ecosystem, forming a system of concepts, technologies and management achievements to regulate human behavior of using water, which runs through all aspects of water resources development, utilization, governance, allocation, conservation and protection, as well as water resources planning, construction and management. Harmony between man and water is the soul of water ecological civilization construction. Ensuring sustainable economic and social development and realizing stable and healthy aquatic ecosystem are two basic points for the construction of aquatic ecological civilization.
The characteristics of water environment problems in China, the mechanism and characterization of water ecological environment problems are analyzed. The conceptual connotation and main characteristics of aquatic ecological civilization are discussed. It is believed that water ecological civilization is guided by the concept of ecological civilization, aiming at ensuring sustainable economic and social development and achieving stable and healthy aquatic ecosystem, forming a system of concepts, technologies and management achievements to regulate human behavior of using water, which runs through all aspects of water resources development, utilization, governance, allocation, conservation and protection, as well as water resources planning, construction and management. Harmony between man and water is the soul of water ecological civilization construction. Ensuring sustainable economic and social development and realizing stable and healthy aquatic ecosystem are two basic points for the construction of aquatic ecological civilization.
引文
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[15] 左其亭,罗增良,马军霞.水生态文明建设理论体系研究[J].人民长江,2015,46(8):1-6.(ZUO Qiting,LUO Zengliang,MA Junxia.Study on theoretical system of water ecological civilization construction [J].Yangtze River,2015,46(8):1-6.(in Chinese))
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[18] 宋晓猛,张建云,占车生,等.气候变化和人类活动对水文循环影响研究进展[J].水利学报,2013,44(7):779-790.(SONG Xiaomeng,ZHANG Jianyun,ZHAN Chesheng,el al.Review for impacts of climate change and human activities on water cycle [J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2013,44(7):779-790.(in Chinese))
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[20] COSTANZA R,CUMBERLAND J H,DALY H,et al,An introduction to ecological economics[M].Boca Raton,Florida:CRC Press,1997.
[2] 李珍.浅析中国绿色发展观[J].学理论,2017(11):22-23.(LI Zhen.A brief analysis of the concept of green development in China [J].Theory Research,2017(11):22-23.(in Chinese))
[3] 石秋池.《水生态文明城市建设评价导则》解读[J].水资源保护,2016,32(5):154.(SHI Qiuchi.Interpretation on Guidelines of evaluation on water ecological civilization city construction[J].Water Resources Protection,2016,32(5):154.(in Chinese))
[4] 潘玥斐.建设新时代中国特色社会主义生态文明[N].中国社会科学报,2018-01-17(001).
[5] 唐克旺.水生态文明的内涵及评价体系探讨[J].水资源保护,2013,29(4):1-4.(TANG Kewang.Discussion on concept and assessment system of aquatic ecological civilization [J].Water Resources Protection,2013,29(4):1-4.(in Chinese))
[6] 胡庆芳,王银堂,李伶杰,等.水生态文明城市与海绵城市的初步比较[J].水资源保护,2017,33(5):13-18.( HU Qingfang,WANG Yintang,LI Lingjie,et al.Preliminary comparison between water-ecological civilization city and sponge city[J].Water Resources Protection,2017,33(5):13-18.(in Chinese))
[7] 陈进.水生态文明建设的方法与途径探讨[J].中国水利,2013(4):4-6.(CHEN Jin.Methods and approaches of water ecological civilization construction [J].China Water Resources,2013(4):4-6.(in Chinese))
[8] 孙炼,李春晖.我国水生态文明建设的思路与建议[J].水利发展研究,2015,15(3):22-25.(SUN Lian,LI Chunhui.Ideas and suggestions on the construction of aquatic ecological civilization in China [J].Water Resources Development Research,2015,15(3):22-25.(in Chinese))
[9] 吴春澍.水生态文明建设思路探索[J].山东水利,2016(12):40-41.(WU Chunshu.Exploration of aquatic ecological civilization construction [J].Shandong Water Resources,2016(12):40-41.(in Chinese))
[10] 骆进军.对做好水生态文明建设的几点思考[J].中国水利,2017(2):21-23.(LUO Jinjun.Considerations on ecological-friendly approaches for water governance [J].China Water Resources,2017(2):21-23.(in Chinese))
[11] 王晓学,胡元明,彭树恒,等.流域一体化下的生态文明先行示范区建设探索[J].水资源保护,2017,33(1):83-89.(WANG Xiaoxue,HU Yuanming,PENG Shuheng,et al.Establishment of early demonstration area of ecological civilization under integrated watershed management mode[J].Water Resources Protection,2017,33(1):83-89.(in Chinese))
[12] 王春红,王治国,樊华.水土保持与水生态文明的关系及其规划问题[J].中国水土保持科学,2017,15(6):134-139.(WANG Chunhong,WANG Zhiguo,FAN Hua.Relationship and several planning issues between soil and water conservation and aquatic ecological civilization [J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,15(6):134-139.(in Chinese))
[13] 蒋任飞,孔兰,王贤平.水生态文明视角下城市水系规划初探[J].水利发展研究,2017,17(9):56-58.(JIANG Renfei,KONG Lan,WAMG Xianping.A preliminary study of urban water system planning from the perspective of aquatic ecological civilization [J].Water Resources Development Research,2017,17(9):56-58.(in Chinese))
[14] 李洪任,刘聚涛,丁惠君.江西省莲花县水生态文明试点建设现状与对策[J].水利经济,2014,32(6):39-41.(LI Hongren,LIU Jutao,DING Huijun.Current status of establishment of water-ecological civilization and its countermeasures in Lianhua County of Jiangxi Province [J].Journal of Economics of Water Resources,2014,32(6):39-41.(in Chinese))
[15] 左其亭,罗增良,马军霞.水生态文明建设理论体系研究[J].人民长江,2015,46(8):1-6.(ZUO Qiting,LUO Zengliang,MA Junxia.Study on theoretical system of water ecological civilization construction [J].Yangtze River,2015,46(8):1-6.(in Chinese))
[16] 翟淑华.太湖流域水生态文明建设理念与实践[J].水资源保护,2017,33(增刊1):134-137.(ZHAI Shuhua.Concept and practice of water ecological civilization construction in Taihu Lake Basin.[J].Water Resources Protection,2017,33(Sup1):134-137.(in Chinese))
[17] 刘建军.疏勒河流域灌区的水资源管理和生态文明现代化建设[J].水资源保护,2017,33(增刊1):85-87.(LIU Jianjun.Water resources management and modernization of ecological civilization in Shule River Basin Irrigation Area [J].Water Resources Protection,2017,33(Sup1):85-87.(in Chinese))
[18] 宋晓猛,张建云,占车生,等.气候变化和人类活动对水文循环影响研究进展[J].水利学报,2013,44(7):779-790.(SONG Xiaomeng,ZHANG Jianyun,ZHAN Chesheng,el al.Review for impacts of climate change and human activities on water cycle [J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2013,44(7):779-790.(in Chinese))
[19] 王浩,贾仰文.变化中的流域“自然-社会”二元水循环理论与研究方法[J].水利学报,2016,47(10):1219-1226.(WANG Hao,JIA Yangwen.Theory and study methodology of dualistic water cycle in river basins under changing conditions [J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2016,47(10):1219-1226.(in Chinese))
[20] COSTANZA R,CUMBERLAND J H,DALY H,et al,An introduction to ecological economics[M].Boca Raton,Florida:CRC Press,1997.