24个种源文冠果在新疆的生长结实性状分析
|
摘要
为了给文冠果优良单株选择和品种选育提供参考,以引进的24个文冠果种源为材料,在新疆石河子地区对文冠果生长结实性状进行变异分析、相关分析、主成分分析及聚类分析。结果表明:在参试种源中,生长指标地径变异系数最大(21.9%),叶长变异系数最小(13.1%),结实性状中总果数变异最大(74.3%),种子纵径变异最小(14.3%)。单株产量与总果数、干果质量、种子横径、种子纵径呈极显著正相关(P <0.01),与鲜果质量、果实横径、果实纵径、小叶数呈显著正相关(P <0.05)。在主成分分析中,共提取3个主成分,累计贡献率达到86.053%。聚类分析结果显示,可将参试的24个种源分为5类。第1类为G-9种源,属于产量最高等级;第2类为坤156种源,处于较高产量水平;第3类为Q-2等种源,处于中等产量等级;第4类为G-23和建2种源,位于较低产量水平;第5类为BD-7等种源,位于最低产量水平。24个文冠果种源中以产量水平最低的第5类居多,产量水平差异较大。
In order to provide some references for superior individual plant selection and variety breeding, using introduced Xanthoceras sorbifolia from 24 provenances as materials, growth and fruiting characteristics in Shihezi of Xinjiang were analyzed by using the methods of variation analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that, variation coefficient of ground diameter in these tested provenances was the highest(21.9%) while that of leaf length was the lowest(13.1%) among growth indexes, and variation coefficient of fruit number was the highest(74.3%) while that of seed longitudinal diameter was the lowest(14.3%). Yield per plant had very significantly positive correlations(P < 0.01) with fruit number, dry fruit mass, seed transverse diameter and seed longitudinal diameter, and had significantly positive correlations(P < 0.05) with fresh fruit mass, fruit transverse diameter, fruit longitudinal diameter and lea?et number. The results of principal component analysis showed that three principal components were extracted,and their cumulative contribution rate was up to 86.053%. The results of cluster analysis indicated that, the tested 24 X.sorbifolia provenances were divided into five groups. Only G-9 provenance was in the first group, which had the highest production level. Only Kun156 was in the second group, which had higher production level. The third group included Q-2 and other provenances, which had medium production level. The fourth group included G-23 and Jian 2, which had lower production level. The fifth group included BD-7 and other provenances, which had the lowest production level. Most of the24 X. sorbifolia provenances were in the fifth group, and production level had greater differences.
In order to provide some references for superior individual plant selection and variety breeding, using introduced Xanthoceras sorbifolia from 24 provenances as materials, growth and fruiting characteristics in Shihezi of Xinjiang were analyzed by using the methods of variation analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that, variation coefficient of ground diameter in these tested provenances was the highest(21.9%) while that of leaf length was the lowest(13.1%) among growth indexes, and variation coefficient of fruit number was the highest(74.3%) while that of seed longitudinal diameter was the lowest(14.3%). Yield per plant had very significantly positive correlations(P < 0.01) with fruit number, dry fruit mass, seed transverse diameter and seed longitudinal diameter, and had significantly positive correlations(P < 0.05) with fresh fruit mass, fruit transverse diameter, fruit longitudinal diameter and lea?et number. The results of principal component analysis showed that three principal components were extracted,and their cumulative contribution rate was up to 86.053%. The results of cluster analysis indicated that, the tested 24 X.sorbifolia provenances were divided into five groups. Only G-9 provenance was in the first group, which had the highest production level. Only Kun156 was in the second group, which had higher production level. The third group included Q-2 and other provenances, which had medium production level. The fourth group included G-23 and Jian 2, which had lower production level. The fifth group included BD-7 and other provenances, which had the lowest production level. Most of the24 X. sorbifolia provenances were in the fifth group, and production level had greater differences.
引文
[1]于凤玲,支庆祥.低温对植物的危害以及植物的抗寒性[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2009,30(9):190.
[2]王红斗.文冠果的化学成分及综合利用研究进展[J].中国野生植物资源,1998(1):15-18.
[3]黄玉广,乔荣群,赵军,等.文冠果营养及综合加工[J].食品研究与开发,2004,25(3):73-76.
[4]周荣汉.中药资源学[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,1993:422-425.
[5]高述民,马凯,杜希华,等.文冠果(Xanthoceras sorbifolia)研究进展[J].植物学报,2002,19(3):296-301,289.
[6]王晋华,李凤兰,高荣孚.文冠果花性别分化及花药内淀粉动态[J].北京林业大学学报,1992,14(3):54-59.
[7]苏曼琳,吴尚,马履一,等.文冠果结果与枝条主要性状因子间的相关分析[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(4):59-63,74.
[8]徐东翔.文冠果落果机理及提高座果率和种子品质的研究[J].西北植物学报,1990,10(2):117-127.
[9]马凯,高述民,胡青,等.文冠果雄蕊发育的解剖学及雄性不育蛋白的研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2004,26(5):40-42.
[10]胡青.文冠果两种不同类型花中雌蕊发育情况的比较研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2004.
[11]敖妍.赤峰地区文冠果开花坐果性状[J].东北林业大学学报,2017,45(3):48-50,89.
[12]丁明秀,敖妍.文冠果开花座果研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(10):381-384.
[13]乔晓宇.提高文冠果坐果率的技术措施研究[J].河北林果研究,2009,24(3):298-300.
[14]汪智军,苏志豪,靳开颜.影响文冠果坐果率因素及提高坐果率的研究[J].吉林农业科学,2013,38(1):58-61.
[15]王艺林,吕东,刘贤德,等.5个种源文冠果果实和种子表型性状变异分析[J].经济林研究,2018,36(3):38-47.
[16]牟洪香,侯新村,刘巧哲.木本能源植物文冠果的表型多样性研究[J].林业科学研究,2007,20(3):350-355.
[17]芦娟,柴春山,蔡国军,等.甘肃定西文冠果花的表型多样性研究[J].林业资源管理,2011(6):49-53.
[18]敖妍,韩树文,杨晓辉.立地条件和栽植密度对文冠果生长结实的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(6):11-14.
[2]王红斗.文冠果的化学成分及综合利用研究进展[J].中国野生植物资源,1998(1):15-18.
[3]黄玉广,乔荣群,赵军,等.文冠果营养及综合加工[J].食品研究与开发,2004,25(3):73-76.
[4]周荣汉.中药资源学[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,1993:422-425.
[5]高述民,马凯,杜希华,等.文冠果(Xanthoceras sorbifolia)研究进展[J].植物学报,2002,19(3):296-301,289.
[6]王晋华,李凤兰,高荣孚.文冠果花性别分化及花药内淀粉动态[J].北京林业大学学报,1992,14(3):54-59.
[7]苏曼琳,吴尚,马履一,等.文冠果结果与枝条主要性状因子间的相关分析[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(4):59-63,74.
[8]徐东翔.文冠果落果机理及提高座果率和种子品质的研究[J].西北植物学报,1990,10(2):117-127.
[9]马凯,高述民,胡青,等.文冠果雄蕊发育的解剖学及雄性不育蛋白的研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2004,26(5):40-42.
[10]胡青.文冠果两种不同类型花中雌蕊发育情况的比较研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2004.
[11]敖妍.赤峰地区文冠果开花坐果性状[J].东北林业大学学报,2017,45(3):48-50,89.
[12]丁明秀,敖妍.文冠果开花座果研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(10):381-384.
[13]乔晓宇.提高文冠果坐果率的技术措施研究[J].河北林果研究,2009,24(3):298-300.
[14]汪智军,苏志豪,靳开颜.影响文冠果坐果率因素及提高坐果率的研究[J].吉林农业科学,2013,38(1):58-61.
[15]王艺林,吕东,刘贤德,等.5个种源文冠果果实和种子表型性状变异分析[J].经济林研究,2018,36(3):38-47.
[16]牟洪香,侯新村,刘巧哲.木本能源植物文冠果的表型多样性研究[J].林业科学研究,2007,20(3):350-355.
[17]芦娟,柴春山,蔡国军,等.甘肃定西文冠果花的表型多样性研究[J].林业资源管理,2011(6):49-53.
[18]敖妍,韩树文,杨晓辉.立地条件和栽植密度对文冠果生长结实的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(6):11-14.