京津冀创新产出的空间布局与影响因素研究——基于13个城市的空间统计与计量分析
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摘要
创新产出是体现区域创新能力的最重要指标,以京津冀13个地级及以上城市为例,考察了京津冀创新产出的空间分布格局,并基于拓展的知识生产函数和空间计量模型,实证分析了创新经费投入、创新人员数量、地区经济发展水平和信息化水平4个因素对京津冀创新产出空间分布的影响。研究结果表明:京津冀创新产出的空间分布呈向京津两市极化的特征,并存在空间负自相关性。从京津冀创新产出的影响因素来看,政府创新经费投入和地区经济发展水平对本地区创新产出有显著促进作用,但溢出效应不显著;创新人员数量对本地区及邻近地区创新产出的影响均显著为负;信息化水平对本地区创新产出的影响不显著,但对邻近地区存在显著的正向溢出作用,据此提出了提升京津冀协同创新能力的对策建议。
Innovation is an important force to promote the sustainable development of regional economy.Taking 13 cities of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as an example,this paper investigates the spatial distribution pattern of innovation output in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region;and based on the extended knowledge production function and spatial econometric model,this paper empirically analyzed the impact of four factors,namely,the input of innovation funds and the number of innovators,as well as the level of regional economic development and information technology,on the spatial distribution of innovation output in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei.The results show that there is a negative spatial correlation between the regional innovation outputs of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,and there is an isolated polarization effect around Beijing and Tianjin.Regional economic development and the input of government funds have a significant effect on innovation output,but the spillover effect is not significant.The impact of human capital on innovation output is significantly negative.The impact of information level on innovation output in this region is not significant,but has a significant positive spillover effect on the adjacent areas.Finally,based on the above conclusions,the paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the collaborative innovation of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.
Innovation is an important force to promote the sustainable development of regional economy.Taking 13 cities of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as an example,this paper investigates the spatial distribution pattern of innovation output in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region;and based on the extended knowledge production function and spatial econometric model,this paper empirically analyzed the impact of four factors,namely,the input of innovation funds and the number of innovators,as well as the level of regional economic development and information technology,on the spatial distribution of innovation output in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei.The results show that there is a negative spatial correlation between the regional innovation outputs of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,and there is an isolated polarization effect around Beijing and Tianjin.Regional economic development and the input of government funds have a significant effect on innovation output,but the spillover effect is not significant.The impact of human capital on innovation output is significantly negative.The impact of information level on innovation output in this region is not significant,but has a significant positive spillover effect on the adjacent areas.Finally,based on the above conclusions,the paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the collaborative innovation of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.
引文
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[19]孙建,齐建国.中国区域知识溢出空间距离研究[J].科学学研究,2011(11):1643-1650.
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[21]CANILS M C J,VERSPAGEN B.Barriers to Knowledge Spillovers and Regional Convergence in an Evolutionary Model[J].Journal of Evolutionary Economics,2001,11(3):307-329.
[22]李婧,谭清美,白俊红.中国区域创新生产的空间计量分析——基于静态与动态空间面板模型的实证研究[J].管理世界,2010(7):43-55+65.
[23]符淼.地理距离和技术外溢效应——对技术和经济集聚现象的空间计量学解释[J].经济学(季刊),2009(4):1549-1566.
[24]李国平,王春杨.我国省域创新产出的空间特征和时空演化——基于探索性空间数据分析的实证[J].地理研究,2012,31(1):95-106.
[25]ROMER P M.Endogenous Technological Change[J].Nber Working Papers,1989,98(98):71-102.
[26]JONES C I.Time Series Tests of Endogenous Growth Models[J].Quarterly Journal of Economics,2001,110(2):495-525.
[27]GRILICHES Z.R&D and Productivity:The Econometric Evidence[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1998:347-374.
[28]钱晓烨,迟巍,黎波.人力资本对我国区域创新及经济增长的影响——基于空间计量的实证研究[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2010(4):107-121.
[2]杨玉秀,杨安宁.合作创新中知识溢出的双向效应[J].工业技术经济,2008(8):107-110.
[3]孙久文,姚鹏.京津冀产业空间转移、地区专业化与协同发展——基于新经济地理学的分析框架[J].南开学报(哲学社会科学版),2015(1):81-89.
[4]王崇锋.知识溢出对区域创新效率的调节机制[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2015(7):77-83.
[5]祝尔娟,何皛彦.京津冀协同发展指数研究[J].河北大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2016,41(3):49-59.
[6]韩坚,吴胜男.区域创新能力提升的双因素研究:R&D效应与环境效应[J].河北大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2017,42(4):123-133.
[7]CABRER-BORRS B,SERRANO-DOMINGO G.Innovation and R&D Spillover Effects in Spanish Regions:A Spatial Approach[J].Research Policy,2007,36(9):1357-1371.
[8]STEFANO BRESCHI.The Geography of Innovation:A Cross-sector Analysis[J].Regional Studies,2000,34(3):213-229.
[9]LIM U.The Spatial Distribution of Innovative Activity in U.S.Metropolitan Areas:Evidence from Patent Data[J].Journal of Regional Analysis&Policy,2003,33(2):97-98.
[10]MORENO R,PACI R,USAI S.Spatial Spillovers and Innovation Activity in European Regions[J].Social Science Electronic Publishing,2004,37(10):1793-1812.
[11]方远平,谢蔓.创新要素的空间分布及其对区域创新产出的影响——基于中国省域的ESDA-GWR分析[J].经济地理,2012,32(9):8-14.
[12]陈晶,陈宁.我国专利分布的空间特征与区域创新能力影响因素分析[J].中国科学技术大学学报,2012,42(3):252-258.
[13]李志刚,汤书昆,梁晓艳,等.我国创新产出的空间分布特征研究——基于省际专利统计数据的空间计量分析[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2006,27(8):64-71.
[14]李国平,王春杨.我国省域创新产出的空间特征和时空演化——基于探索性空间数据分析的实证[J].地理研究,2012,31(1):95-106.
[15]王俊松,颜燕,胡曙虹.中国城市技术创新能力的空间特征及影响因素——基于空间面板数据模型的研究[J].地理科学,2017,37(1):11-18.
[16]何键芳,张虹鸥,叶玉瑶,等.广东省区域创新产出的空间相关性研究[J].经济地理,2013,33(2):117-121+140.
[17]张建伟,窦攀烽,张永凯,苗长虹.江苏省县域创新产出的空间计量经济分析[J].干旱区地理,2017,40(1):222-229.
[18]张友志,顾红春.江苏省县域创新产出的空间关联与时空演化[J].地域研究与开发,2013,32(6):33-38.
[19]孙建,齐建国.中国区域知识溢出空间距离研究[J].科学学研究,2011(11):1643-1650.
[20]FISCHER M M,SCHERNGELL T,REISMANN M.Knowledge Spillovers and Total Factor Productivity:Evidence Using a Spatial Panel Data Model[J].Geographical Analysis,2009,41(2):204-220.
[21]CANILS M C J,VERSPAGEN B.Barriers to Knowledge Spillovers and Regional Convergence in an Evolutionary Model[J].Journal of Evolutionary Economics,2001,11(3):307-329.
[22]李婧,谭清美,白俊红.中国区域创新生产的空间计量分析——基于静态与动态空间面板模型的实证研究[J].管理世界,2010(7):43-55+65.
[23]符淼.地理距离和技术外溢效应——对技术和经济集聚现象的空间计量学解释[J].经济学(季刊),2009(4):1549-1566.
[24]李国平,王春杨.我国省域创新产出的空间特征和时空演化——基于探索性空间数据分析的实证[J].地理研究,2012,31(1):95-106.
[25]ROMER P M.Endogenous Technological Change[J].Nber Working Papers,1989,98(98):71-102.
[26]JONES C I.Time Series Tests of Endogenous Growth Models[J].Quarterly Journal of Economics,2001,110(2):495-525.
[27]GRILICHES Z.R&D and Productivity:The Econometric Evidence[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1998:347-374.
[28]钱晓烨,迟巍,黎波.人力资本对我国区域创新及经济增长的影响——基于空间计量的实证研究[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2010(4):107-121.