生产建设项目扰动图斑时空分布及合规性分析
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摘要
为加强生产建设项目全面监管,有效遏制人为水土流失,保障区域生态环境和社会经济的可持续发展,为区域生产建设项目全过程、全方位监管提供基础数据与技术支撑。本文以安徽霍邱县作为研究区域,探索多源数据、多技术手段相结合的生产建设项目扰动图斑时空分布及合规性分析评价。结果表明:1) 2015—2016年,霍邱县>0. 1 hm~2的生产建设项目扰动图斑共780个,扰动面积8 442. 14 hm~2,集中分布在霍邱县的西北部、西南部;生产建设项目类型以井采金属矿为主,面积集中在1～5 hm~2,主要扰动变化类型为续建图斑。2)霍邱县已批复的生产建设项目有20项,井采金属矿占批复项目的 70%。批复的生产建设项目防治责任范围涉及51个图斑,其中合规图斑有12个,以井采金属矿类型为主;不合规图斑39个,包含疑似建设地点变更的图斑16个,疑似超出防治责任范围的图斑23个。3)霍邱县> 1 hm~2疑似未批先建图斑有580个,占> 1 hm~2图斑总数的88. 68%,大部分为未实施立项的生产建设活动,但也凸显出地方监管力度不足等问题。水行政主管部门监督管理的形势与任务严峻,仍需加强对生产建设项目的精准化监督管理,有效遏制人为水土流失现象。
[Background]In recent years,with the development of regional social economy,production and construction projects are increasing day by day. The phenomenon of soil erosion caused by production and construction projects is becoming more and more serious. In order to strengthen overall supervision of production and construction projects,to effectively curb man-made soil erosion,and to ensure the sustainable development of regional ecological environment and social economy,this paper takes Huoqiu county in Anhui province as the research area and explores the spatial-temporal distribution and compliance analysis and evaluation of disturbance pattern spots in production and construction projects.[Methods]Using multi-source data,combined with ArcGIS platform,UAV aerial photography,field survey and other technical means,the disturbance pattern features of production and construction projects in the region were explored. [Results]1) From 2015 to 2016,there were 780 disturbance patches of production and construction projects with an area of > 0. 1 hectares in Huoqiu county,covering a total area of 8 442. 14 hectares. Disturbance pattern spots were concentrated in the northwest and southwest of Huoqiu county. The types of production and construction projects were mainly metal ore mining,and the disturbance pattern area of production and construction projects mainly concentrated in 1-5 hm~2,and the main disturbance change type was the continuation pattern. 2) Houqiu county has approved 20 production and construction projects. Well mining Metai ore accounted for 70% of the approved projects. The scope of responsibility for prevention and control of approved production and construction projects involved 51 map spots,among which 12 were in compliance,and the main type was well mining metal ore. There were 39 non-compliant spots,including 16 that were suspected to have changed construction sites,and 23 that were suspected to be beyond the scope of responsibility for prevention and treatment. 3) In Huoqiu county,580 suspected unapproved map spots with an area of more than 1 hectare accounted for 88. 68% of the total number. Most of the projects were not implemented in the production and construction activities,but also highlighted the lack of local supervision and other issues. [Conclusions]The situation and task of water administration department's supervision and management is severe. It is still necessary to strengthen the precise supervision and management of production and construction projects to effectively curb man-made soil erosion.
[Background]In recent years,with the development of regional social economy,production and construction projects are increasing day by day. The phenomenon of soil erosion caused by production and construction projects is becoming more and more serious. In order to strengthen overall supervision of production and construction projects,to effectively curb man-made soil erosion,and to ensure the sustainable development of regional ecological environment and social economy,this paper takes Huoqiu county in Anhui province as the research area and explores the spatial-temporal distribution and compliance analysis and evaluation of disturbance pattern spots in production and construction projects.[Methods]Using multi-source data,combined with ArcGIS platform,UAV aerial photography,field survey and other technical means,the disturbance pattern features of production and construction projects in the region were explored. [Results]1) From 2015 to 2016,there were 780 disturbance patches of production and construction projects with an area of > 0. 1 hectares in Huoqiu county,covering a total area of 8 442. 14 hectares. Disturbance pattern spots were concentrated in the northwest and southwest of Huoqiu county. The types of production and construction projects were mainly metal ore mining,and the disturbance pattern area of production and construction projects mainly concentrated in 1-5 hm~2,and the main disturbance change type was the continuation pattern. 2) Houqiu county has approved 20 production and construction projects. Well mining Metai ore accounted for 70% of the approved projects. The scope of responsibility for prevention and control of approved production and construction projects involved 51 map spots,among which 12 were in compliance,and the main type was well mining metal ore. There were 39 non-compliant spots,including 16 that were suspected to have changed construction sites,and 23 that were suspected to be beyond the scope of responsibility for prevention and treatment. 3) In Huoqiu county,580 suspected unapproved map spots with an area of more than 1 hectare accounted for 88. 68% of the total number. Most of the projects were not implemented in the production and construction activities,but also highlighted the lack of local supervision and other issues. [Conclusions]The situation and task of water administration department's supervision and management is severe. It is still necessary to strengthen the precise supervision and management of production and construction projects to effectively curb man-made soil erosion.
引文
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[3]易仲强，张宇，魏浪，等．西藏输变电类生产建设项目水土流失防治探讨[J]．中国水土保持，2019,(1):11.YI Zhongqiang,ZHANG Yu,WEI Lang,et al. Discussion on water and soil erosion prevention and control of power transmission and transformation projects in Tibet[J].China Soil and Water Conservation,2019,(1):11.
[4]邝高明，亢庆，刘超群，等．基于高分辨率遥感和GIS的生产建设项目监管技术及示范[J]．人民珠江，2016,37(4):97.KUANG Gaoming,KANG Qing,LIU Chaoqun,,et al. The technology and supervision demonstration of construction projects based on high resolution remote sensing and GIS[J]. Pearl River,2016,37(4):97.
[5]晏伟明，谢颂华，刘苑秋，等．生产建设项目边坡及弃土侵蚀影响机制研究进展[J]．中国水土保持科学，2016,14(4):142.YAN Weiming,XIE Songhua,LIU Wanqiu,et al. Research progress on the erosion mechanism of side slope and dumped soil in production and construction projects[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,14(4):142.
[6]姜德文，郭索彦，赵永军，等．生产建设项目水土保持准入条件研究内容与方法[J]．中国水土保持科学，2010,8(3):38.JIANG Dewen,GUO Suoyan,ZHAO Yongjun,et al. Contents and methods on permitted requirements of soil and water conservation for production and construction projects[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,8(3):38.
[7]李智广，王敬贵．生产建设项目“天地一体化”监管示范总体实施方案[J]．中国水土保持，2016,(2):14.LI Zhiguang,WANG Jinggui. Overall implementation plan for supervision and demonstration of“integration of heaven and earth” in production and construction projects[J]. China Soil and Water Conservation,2016,(2):14.
[8]康芮，史明昌，赵院，等．基于多时相GF-1影像的施工期生产建设项目分布信息提取[J]．水土保持通报，2016,36(3):253.KANG Rui,SHI Mingchang,ZHAO Yuan,et al. Extration of distribution information on production and construction projects in construction period based on muti-temporal GF-1 images[J]. Water and Soil Conservation Bulletin,2016,36(3):253.
[9]沈雪建，李智广，亢庆，等．基于高分影像和云数据管理的生产建设项目水土保持监管系统设计与应用[J]．中国水土保持科学，2017,15(5):127.SHEN Xuejian,LI Zhiguang,KANG Qing,et al. Design and application of supervision and management system for soil and water conservation in production and construction projects based on high resolution remote sensing images and cloud data management[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,15(5):127.
[10]黄颖伟，王岩松，张野，等．生产建设项目水土保持“天地一体化”监管技术应用[J]．中国水土保持，2018,(2):11.HUANG Yingwei,Wang Yansong,ZHANG Ye,et al. Application of monitoring technology of soil and water conservation“integration of heaven and earth”in production and construction projects[J]. China Soil and Water Conservation,2018,(2):11.
[11]李岚斌，金平伟，李乐，等．无人机遥感技术在生产建设项目水土保持监测中的应用:以清远抽水蓄能电站为例[J]．人民珠江，2019,40(1):6.LI Lanbin,JIN Pingwei,LI Le,et al. Application of UAV remote sensing technology in soil and water conservation monitoring of construction projects:taking Qingyuan Pumped Storage Power Station as an example[J]. Pearl River,2019,40(1):6.
[12]姜德文，亢庆，赵永军，等．生产建设项目水土保持“天地一体化”监管技术研究[J]．中国水土保持，2016(11):1.JIANG Dewen,KANG Qing,ZHAO Yongjun,et al. Research on monitoring technology of soil and water conservation “integration of heaven and earth” in production and construction projects[J]. China Soil and Water Conservation,2016(11):1.
[13]姜德文．生产建设项目水土流失防治十大新理念[J]．中国水土保持，2011(7):3.JIANG Dewen. Ten new ideas for preventing soil erosion in production and construction projects[J]. China Soil and Water Conservation,2011(7):3.