调亏滴灌下菘蓝的品质综合评价
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摘要
于2016、2017年在张掖市民乐县益民灌溉试验站开展了菘蓝不同生育期水分亏缺试验,在菘蓝的营养生长期和肉质根生长期分别进行轻度、中度和重度的调亏灌溉处理,对其品质进行评价。结果表明:重度调亏灌溉(WD3、WD8、WD9)处理的(R,S)-告依春含量较CK降低8.59%～13.23%(P<0.05),而在营养生长期和肉质根生长期轻中度连续调亏(WD4、WD5)有利于(R,S)-告依春含量的提高,较CK增加5.43%～7.94%;在营养生长期和肉质根生长期轻中度连续调亏(WD5、WD6、WD7)有利于靛玉红含量的提高,与CK差异显著,增幅为1.7%～5.7%;在营养生长期和肉质根生长期轻中度连续调亏(WD4、WD5、WD6和WD7)有利于靛蓝含量的提高,与CK差异显著,增幅3.6%～9.9%。综合评价表明,综合得分较高的为轻中度连续调亏滴灌(WD4、WD5)。因此,轻中度水分亏缺处理可以提高有效成分靛蓝、靛玉红和告依春的积累,有利于提高菘蓝的品质,重度水分亏缺不利于有效成分的积累。
The effects of irrigation schedule on photosynthetic characteristics and biological characteristics effect during different growth stages of Isatis indigotica were studied in Yimin Irrigation District of Gansu Province in 2016 and 2017. We measured quality of Isatis indigotica for mild, moderate, and severe regulated deficit irrigation in vegetative stages and fleshy root growth stage. The results showed that severe regulated deficit irrigation(WD3, WD8, and WD9) significantly lowered(R, S)-goitrin by 8.59%～13.23% than that of CK(P<0.05). In addition, the content of(R,S)-goitrin was significantly increased in fleshy root growth stage and vegetative stage by water deficit(WD4 and WD5) by 5.43%～7.94%. The effect of light and moderate water deficit treatment(WD5, WD6, and WD7) on indirubin was beneficial to the improvement of indirubin content over that of CK with the increase of 1.7%～5.7%. The light and moderate water deficit treatments(WD4, WD5, WD6, and WD7) significantly increased indigo content by 3.6%～9.9% over CK. The results showed that mild and moderate deficit irrigation(WD4 and WD5) had high comprehensive effects. Therefore, mild-to-moderate water deficit treatments improved the quality of Isatis indigotica by improving the effective components, the indigo, indirubin, and(R, S)-goitrin but severe water deficit was not conducive to the accumulation of active ingredients of Isatis indigotica.
The effects of irrigation schedule on photosynthetic characteristics and biological characteristics effect during different growth stages of Isatis indigotica were studied in Yimin Irrigation District of Gansu Province in 2016 and 2017. We measured quality of Isatis indigotica for mild, moderate, and severe regulated deficit irrigation in vegetative stages and fleshy root growth stage. The results showed that severe regulated deficit irrigation(WD3, WD8, and WD9) significantly lowered(R, S)-goitrin by 8.59%～13.23% than that of CK(P<0.05). In addition, the content of(R,S)-goitrin was significantly increased in fleshy root growth stage and vegetative stage by water deficit(WD4 and WD5) by 5.43%～7.94%. The effect of light and moderate water deficit treatment(WD5, WD6, and WD7) on indirubin was beneficial to the improvement of indirubin content over that of CK with the increase of 1.7%～5.7%. The light and moderate water deficit treatments(WD4, WD5, WD6, and WD7) significantly increased indigo content by 3.6%～9.9% over CK. The results showed that mild and moderate deficit irrigation(WD4 and WD5) had high comprehensive effects. Therefore, mild-to-moderate water deficit treatments improved the quality of Isatis indigotica by improving the effective components, the indigo, indirubin, and(R, S)-goitrin but severe water deficit was not conducive to the accumulation of active ingredients of Isatis indigotica.
引文
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[18] 张永丽,于振文.灌水量对不同小麦品种籽粒品质、产量及土壤硝态氮含量的影响[J].水土保持学报,2007,21(05):155-158.
[2] 龙云,杨睿,钟章成,等.不同水分和氮素条件对栽培绞股蓝生物量和皂苷量的影响[J].中草药,2008,39(12):1872-1876.
[3] 邵玺文,韩梅,韩忠明,等.水分供给量对黄芩生长与光合特性的影响[J].生态学报,2006,26(10):3214-3220.
[4] 李文明,施坰林,韩辉生,等.节水灌溉制度对板蓝根耗水特征及产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2007,26(6):106-109.
[5] 谭勇,梁宗锁,董娟娥,等.水分胁迫对菘蓝生长发育和有效成分积累的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2008,33(1):19-22.
[6] 王民敬,裴海生,孙君社,等.基于改进层次分析法的灵芝品质安全综合评价[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(04):302-308.
[7] 王子芳,秦建成,罗云云,等.基于模糊数学方法的烟叶品质评价[J].土壤通报,2008,(02):349-353.
[8] 王永士,郭瑞林,贺德先,等.灰色关联度分析法在安阳市强筋小麦适宜品种筛选中的应用[J].麦类作物学报,2009,29(02):271-274.
[9] 白沙沙,毕金峰,王沛,等.基于主成分分析的苹果品质综合评价研究[J].食品科技,2012,37(01):54-57.
[10] 朱麟,凌建刚,尚海涛,等.因子分析法综合评价冰温结合1-MCP处理对“玉露”水蜜桃贮藏品质的影响[J].果树学报,2016,33(09):1164-1172.
[11] 国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典(一部)[S].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2015:204-205.
[12] 刘科鹏,黄春辉,冷建华,等.“金魁”猕猴桃果实品质的主成分分析与综合评价[J].果树学报,2012,29(05):867-871.
[13] 黄学春.调亏灌溉对酿酒葡萄光合作用及果实生长发育旳影响研究[D].银川:宁夏大学,2014.
[14] 杜丽娜,张存莉,朱玮,等.植物次生代谢合成途径及生物学意义[J].西北林学院学报,2005,20(03):150-155.
[15] 段飞,杨建雄,周西坤,等.逆境胁迫对菘蓝幼苗靛玉红含量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2006,24(03):111-114.
[16] 唐文文,张欣旸,何尤,等.陇中半干旱地区大青叶采收次数对药材产量品质的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2011,36(08):955-958.
[17] 白羿雄,姚晓华,姚有华,等.适度水分亏缺管理提高青稞营养品质和环境效益[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2018,24(02):499-506.
[18] 张永丽,于振文.灌水量对不同小麦品种籽粒品质、产量及土壤硝态氮含量的影响[J].水土保持学报,2007,21(05):155-158.
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