长江中下游湖泊生态空间演变过程及影响因素
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摘要
本文通过对长江中下游湖泊生态空间进行回顾研究,系统地总结了长江中下游湖泊生态空间演变过程和潜在的影响因素。近40年来,长江中下游湖泊面积萎缩严重,生态空间容量锐减,湖泊富营养化久治不愈、蓝藻水华频繁暴发、水生植被严重退化,生态空间质量急剧下降。归纳起来,其原因主要来自以下三个方面:(1)历史上长期的围湖造田和围网养殖损害湖泊生态空间容量和质量;(2)长江干支流水库群建设和运行对中下游通江湖泊生态空间产生负面影响;(3)社会经济快速发展和气候变化加剧湖泊生态空间质量退化。建议未来加强长江中下游湖群江湖关系演变的研究,科学确定湖泊生态空间容量的恢复目标及区域;统筹流域发展,布局重点生态工程,扩增湖泊生态空间;加强长江干支流水库群优化调度,保障中下游湖泊生态需水量。
This study systematically summarizes the evolution process of lake ecological space in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and explore the potential influencing factors. In the past 40 years,the loss of lake causes the serious shrunk of lake ecological space capacity. In addition,the long term eutrophication,frequent algal bloom outbreak,continuous degradation of aquatic vegetation coverage results in the declining lake ecological space quality in most lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
This study systematically summarizes the evolution process of lake ecological space in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and explore the potential influencing factors. In the past 40 years,the loss of lake causes the serious shrunk of lake ecological space capacity. In addition,the long term eutrophication,frequent algal bloom outbreak,continuous degradation of aquatic vegetation coverage results in the declining lake ecological space quality in most lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
引文
[1]新华社．中共中央国务院《关于划定并严守生态保护红线的若干意见》[J]．中国水土保持，2017,3:3-5．
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[13]Chen Bin,Chen Lifan,Bo Huang,et al.Dynamic monitoring of the Poyang Lake wetland by integrating Landsat and MODIS observations[J].ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry&Remote Sensing,2018,139:75-87．
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[15]Feng Lian,Hu Chuanmin,Chen Xiaoling,et al.Assessment of inundation changes of Poyang Lake using MODIS observations between 2000 and 2010[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2012,121:80-92．
[16]Feng Lian,Hu Chuanmin,Chen Xiaoling,et al.Dramatic inundation changes of China’s two largest freshwater lakes linked to the three Gorges Dam[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2013,47(17):9628-9634．
[17]Duan Hongtao,Ma Ronghua,Xu Xiaofeng,et al.Two-decade reconstruction of algal blooms in China’s Lake Taihu[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2009,43(10):3522-3528．
[18]Xu Muqi,Cao Hong,Xie Ping,et al.The temporal and spatial distribution,composition and abundance of Protozoa in Chaohu Lake,China:Relationship with eutrophication[J].European Journal of Protistology,2005,41(3):183-192．
[19]张毅，曾群，陈玉华，等．20世纪50-70年代的围湖垦殖与江汉平原湖泊湿地演化[J]．湿地科学与管理，2009,5(2):52-55．
[20]王学雷，吴建农，王慧亮，等．湖北省湖泊保护与管理存在的问题及对策[J]．人民长江，2009,40(19):10-11．
[21]王文丽，王宏志，刘虎，等．“退田还湖”实施前后江汉湖群变化比较研究[J]．安徽农业大学学报，2012,39(3):456-460．
[22]Zhou Yongqiang,Ma Jianrong,Zhang Yunlin,et al.Influence of the three Gorges Reservoir on the shrinkage of China’s two largest freshwater lakes[J].Global and Planetary Change,2019,177:45-55．
[23]冯宝飞，张涛，曾明．2016年秋长江中下游枯水分析及对水库调度的启示[J]．人民长江，2018,49(11):9-13．
[24]何征，万荣荣，戴雪，等．近30年洞庭湖季节性水情变化及其对江湖水量交换变化的响应[J]．湖泊科学，2015,27(6):991-996．
[25]史常乐，唐立模，肖洋．鄱阳湖都昌水位站50年水位特征变化分析[J]．水资源与水工程学报，2016,27(2):45-50．
[26]林玉茹．鄱阳湖枯水现象的水文分析及湿地生态系统响应研究[D]．南昌:南昌大学，2010．
[27]戴雪，何征，万荣荣，等．近35a长江中游大型通江湖泊季节性水情变化规律研究[J]．长江流域资源与环境，2017,26(1):118-125．
[28]黄群．1950s以来洞庭湖调蓄特征及变化[J]．湖泊科学，2016,28(3):676-681．
[29]江西省水利厅．江西省水资源公报，2018.http://www.jxsl.gov.cn/slgb/szygb/index.html．
[30]Feng Lian,Hu Chuanmin,Chen Xiaoling,et al.MODIS observations of the bottom topography and its inter-annual variability of Poyang Lake[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2011,115(10):2729-2741．
[31]Li Na,Shi Kun,Zhang Yunlin,et al.Decline in transparency of Lake Hongze from long-term MODIS observations:Possible causes and potential significance[J].Remote Sensing,2019,11(2):177.
[2]邓伟，严登华，何岩，等．流域水生态空间研究[J]．水科学进展，2004,15(3):341-345．
[3]Güntner Andreas,Stuck Jochen,Werth Susanna,et al.A global analysis of temporal and spatial variations in continental water storage[J].Water Resources Research,2007,43(5):687-696．
[4]Pekel Jean-Francois,Cottam Andrew,Gorelick Noel,et al.High-resolution mapping of global surface water and its long-term changes[J].Nature,2016,540(7633):418-422．
[5]于瑞宏，许有鹏，刘廷玺，等．应用多光谱遥感信息反演干旱区浅水湖泊水深[J]．水科学进展，2009.20(1):111-117．
[6]Tong Yindong,Zhang Wei,Wang Xuejun,et al.Decline in Chinese lake phosphorus concentration accompanied by shift in sources since 2006[J].Nature Geoscience,2017,10(7):507-511．
[7]Zhang Yunlin,Jeppesen Erik,Liu Xiaohan,et al.Global loss of aquatic vegetation in lakes[J].Earth Science Reviews,2017,173:259-265．
[8]Hou Xuejiao,Feng Lian,Chen Xiaoling,et al.Dynamics of the wetland vegetation in large lakes of the Yangtze Plain in response to both fertilizer consumption and climatic changes[J].ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry&Remote Sensing,2018,141:148-160．
[9]Li Jun,Wang Zhaoli,Lai Chengguang,et al.Response of net primary production to land use and land cover change in mainland China since the late 1980s[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,639:237-247．
[10]朱广伟，许海，朱梦圆，等．三十年来长江中下游湖泊富营养化状况变迁及其影响因素[J]．湖泊科学，2019,31(6)(待刊)．
[11]Zhang Guoqing,Yao Tandong,Chen Wenfeng,et al.Regional differences of lake evolution across China during 1960s-2015 and its natural and anthropogenic causes[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2019,221:386-404．
[12]秦伯强．长江中下游浅水湖泊富营养化发生机制与控制途径初探[J]．湖泊科学，2002,14(3):193-202．
[13]Chen Bin,Chen Lifan,Bo Huang,et al.Dynamic monitoring of the Poyang Lake wetland by integrating Landsat and MODIS observations[J].ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry&Remote Sensing,2018,139:75-87．
[14]闵骞，占腊生．1952-2011年鄱阳湖枯水变化分析[J]．湖泊科学，2012,24(5):675-678．
[15]Feng Lian,Hu Chuanmin,Chen Xiaoling,et al.Assessment of inundation changes of Poyang Lake using MODIS observations between 2000 and 2010[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2012,121:80-92．
[16]Feng Lian,Hu Chuanmin,Chen Xiaoling,et al.Dramatic inundation changes of China’s two largest freshwater lakes linked to the three Gorges Dam[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2013,47(17):9628-9634．
[17]Duan Hongtao,Ma Ronghua,Xu Xiaofeng,et al.Two-decade reconstruction of algal blooms in China’s Lake Taihu[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2009,43(10):3522-3528．
[18]Xu Muqi,Cao Hong,Xie Ping,et al.The temporal and spatial distribution,composition and abundance of Protozoa in Chaohu Lake,China:Relationship with eutrophication[J].European Journal of Protistology,2005,41(3):183-192．
[19]张毅，曾群，陈玉华，等．20世纪50-70年代的围湖垦殖与江汉平原湖泊湿地演化[J]．湿地科学与管理，2009,5(2):52-55．
[20]王学雷，吴建农，王慧亮，等．湖北省湖泊保护与管理存在的问题及对策[J]．人民长江，2009,40(19):10-11．
[21]王文丽，王宏志，刘虎，等．“退田还湖”实施前后江汉湖群变化比较研究[J]．安徽农业大学学报，2012,39(3):456-460．
[22]Zhou Yongqiang,Ma Jianrong,Zhang Yunlin,et al.Influence of the three Gorges Reservoir on the shrinkage of China’s two largest freshwater lakes[J].Global and Planetary Change,2019,177:45-55．
[23]冯宝飞，张涛，曾明．2016年秋长江中下游枯水分析及对水库调度的启示[J]．人民长江，2018,49(11):9-13．
[24]何征，万荣荣，戴雪，等．近30年洞庭湖季节性水情变化及其对江湖水量交换变化的响应[J]．湖泊科学，2015,27(6):991-996．
[25]史常乐，唐立模，肖洋．鄱阳湖都昌水位站50年水位特征变化分析[J]．水资源与水工程学报，2016,27(2):45-50．
[26]林玉茹．鄱阳湖枯水现象的水文分析及湿地生态系统响应研究[D]．南昌:南昌大学，2010．
[27]戴雪，何征，万荣荣，等．近35a长江中游大型通江湖泊季节性水情变化规律研究[J]．长江流域资源与环境，2017,26(1):118-125．
[28]黄群．1950s以来洞庭湖调蓄特征及变化[J]．湖泊科学，2016,28(3):676-681．
[29]江西省水利厅．江西省水资源公报，2018.http://www.jxsl.gov.cn/slgb/szygb/index.html．
[30]Feng Lian,Hu Chuanmin,Chen Xiaoling,et al.MODIS observations of the bottom topography and its inter-annual variability of Poyang Lake[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2011,115(10):2729-2741．
[31]Li Na,Shi Kun,Zhang Yunlin,et al.Decline in transparency of Lake Hongze from long-term MODIS observations:Possible causes and potential significance[J].Remote Sensing,2019,11(2):177.