祁连山东部不同树种径向生长对气候因子的响应
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摘要
为研究祁连山东部不同树种树木径向生长对气候因子响应的差异,采集青海云杉(Picea crassifolia)和祁连圆柏(Juniperus przewalskii)两个树种的树木年轮样芯,建立树轮宽度年表,并分析不同类型年表与24个时间尺度气候因子的相关性。分析年表参数发现,青海云杉的差值年表质量优于标准年表,祁连圆柏则相反。青海云杉树轮宽度年表包含的气候信息丰富度多于祁连圆柏。祁连圆柏对温度的响应要强于青海云杉,主要与前一年6—7月、前一年9月以及当年5—8月均温呈显著负相关,青海云杉对降水的响应要强于祁连圆柏,主要与前一年9月、当年7—8月累积降水呈显著正相关。两树种的径向生长均受到干旱胁迫,全球变暖背景下,这种胁迫会加剧,因此需要加强对祁连山森林的保护和管理。
To understand the growth responses of different tree species to climatic factors in the eastern Qilian Mountains,we developed tree-ring width chronologies from two dominant tree species( Picea crassifolia and Juniperus przewalskii). The correlation coefficients between chronologies and climatic factors were calculated at 24 time scales. According to the parameters of chronologies,the residual chronology of P. crassifolia had higher quality than the standard chronology,but the case was oppoiste for J. przewalskii. The responses of J. przewalskii to temperature factors were stronger than that of P. crassifolia,which showed negative correlation with mean temperature from the previous June-July,the previous September and the current May-August. The responses of P. crassifolia to precipitation factors were stronger than that of J. przewalskii,which were positively correlated with total precipitation from the previous September and the current July-August. The radial growth of both species suffered from drought stress. In the context of global warming and intensified drought stress,enhanced protection and management should be carried out.
To understand the growth responses of different tree species to climatic factors in the eastern Qilian Mountains,we developed tree-ring width chronologies from two dominant tree species( Picea crassifolia and Juniperus przewalskii). The correlation coefficients between chronologies and climatic factors were calculated at 24 time scales. According to the parameters of chronologies,the residual chronology of P. crassifolia had higher quality than the standard chronology,but the case was oppoiste for J. przewalskii. The responses of J. przewalskii to temperature factors were stronger than that of P. crassifolia,which showed negative correlation with mean temperature from the previous June-July,the previous September and the current May-August. The responses of P. crassifolia to precipitation factors were stronger than that of J. przewalskii,which were positively correlated with total precipitation from the previous September and the current July-August. The radial growth of both species suffered from drought stress. In the context of global warming and intensified drought stress,enhanced protection and management should be carried out.
引文
陈力,吴绍洪,戴尔阜.2011.长白山红松和落叶松树轮宽度年表特征.地理研究,30(6):1147-1155.
邓少福.2013.祁连山气候变化对植被的影响研究(2000-2011)(博士学位论文).兰州:兰州大学.
郭允允,刘鸿雁,任佶,等.2007.天山中段树木生长对气候垂直梯度的响应.第四纪研究,27(3):322-331.
刘兴聪.1992.祁连山哈溪林场青海云杉林生物量的测定.甘肃林业科技,(1):7-10.
宋文琦,朱良军,张旭,等.2018.青藏高原东北部不同降水梯度下高山林线祁连圆柏径向生长与气候关系的比较.植物生态学报,42(1):571-577.
吴祥定.1990.树木年轮与气候变化.北京:气象出版社.
徐金梅,鲍甫成,吕建雄,等.2012.祁连山青海云杉径向生长对气候的响应.北京林业大学学报,34(2):1-6.
袁亚鹏.2015.祁连山中部不同海拔青海云杉径向生长对气候的响应(硕士学位论文).兰州:兰州大学.
曾令兵,王襄平,常锦峰,等.2012.祁连山中段青海云杉高山林线交错区树轮宽度与气候变化的关系.北京林业大学学报,34(5):50-56.
张贇,尹定财,孙梅,等.2018.滇西北石卡雪山2个针叶树种森林上限径向生长对温度和降水的响应.生态学报,38(7):2442-2449.
Chen F,Yuan YJ,Wei WS,et al.2012.Temperature reconstruction from tree-ring maximum latewood density of Qinghai spruce in middle Hexi Corridor,China.Theoretical and Applied Climatology,107:633-643.
Cook ER,Kairiukstis LA.1990.Methods of dendrochronology:Applications in the environmental sciences.Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Deng Y,Gou XH,Gao LL,et al.2013.Aridity changes in the eastern Qilian Mountains since AD 1856 reconstructed from tree-rings.Quaternary International,283:78-84.
Fritts HC.1925.Tree rings and climate.New York:Academic Press.
Gao LL,Gou XH,Deng Y,et al.2015.Dendroclimatic reconstruction of temperature in the eastern Qilian Mountains,northwestern China.Climate Research,62:241-250.
Gao LL,Gou XH,Deng Y,et al.2013.Dendroclimatic response of Picea crassifolia along an altitudinal gradient in the eastern Qilian Mountains,Northwest China.Arctic Antarctic and Alpine Research,45:491-499.
Gao LL,Gou XH,Deng Y,et al.2018.Increased growth of Qinghai spruce in northwestern China during the recent warming hiatus.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,260-261:9-16.
Huang JG,Deslauriers A,Rossi S.2014.Xylem formation can be modeled statistically as a function of primary growth and cambium activity.New Phytologist,203:831-841.
Kang SY,Yang B,Qin C,et al.2013.Extreme drought events in the years 1877-1878,and 1928,in the southeast Qilian Mountains and the air-sea coupling system.Quaternary International,283:85-92.
Liang EY,Shao XM,Eckstein D,et al.2010.Spatial variability of tree growth along a latitudinal transect in the Qilian Mountains,northeastern Tibetan Plateau.Canadian Journal of Forest Research,40:200-211.
Liang EY,Shao XM,Eckstein D,et al.2006.Topography-and species-dependent growth responses of Sabina przewalskii and Picea crassifolia to climate on the northeast Tibetan Plateau.Forest Ecology and Management,236:268-277.
Liang EY,Shao XM,Liu XH.2009.Annual precipitation variation inferred from tree rings since A.D.1770 for the western Qilian Mts.,Northern Tibetan Plateau.Tree-ring Research,65:95-103.
Lu JX,Xu JM,Wu YQ,et al.2015.Climatic signals in wood property variables of Picea crassifolia.Wood and Fiber Science Journal of the Society of Wood Science and Technology,47:131-140.
Magnuszewski M,Bijak S,Orozumbekow A,et al.2015.Different growth patterns of Picea schrenkiana subsp.tianshanica(Rupr.)Bykov and Juglans regia L.coexisting under the same ecological conditions in the Sary-Chelek Biosphere Reserve in Kyrgyzstan.Dendrobiology,73:11-20.
Rossi S,Rathgeber CBK,Deslauriers A.2009.Comparing needle and shoot phenology with xylem development on three conifer species in Italy.Annals of Forest Science,66:206-206.
Subedi N,Sharma M.2013.Climate-diameter growth relationships of black spruce and jack pine trees in boreal Ontario,Canada.Global Change Biology,19:505-516.
Tian QY,He ZB,Xiao SC,et al.2017.Response of stem radial growth of Qinghai spruce(Picea crassifolia)to environmental factors in the Qilian Mountains of China.Dendrochronologia,44:76-83.
Vicente-Serrano SM,Camarero JJ,Azorin-Molina C.2014.Diverse responses of forest growth to drought time-scales in the Northern Hemisphere.Global Ecology and Biogeography,23:1019-1030.
Wang B,Chen T,Xu GB,et al.2018.Anthropogenic-management could mitigate declines in growth and survival of Qinghai spruce(Picea crassifolia)in the east Qilian Mountains,northeast Tibetan Plateau.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,250:118-126.
Wang WZ,Liu XH,Shao XM,et al.2015a.Differential response of Qilian juniper radial growth to climate variations in the middle of Qilian Mountains and the northeastern Qaidam Basin.Climatic Change,133:237-251.
Wang ZY,Yang B,Deslauriers A,et al.2015b.Intra-annual stem radial increment response of Qilian juniper to temperature and precipitation along an altitudinal gradient in northwestern China.Trees:Structure and Function,29:25-34.
Yang B,He MH,Melvin TM,et al.2013.Climate control on tree growth at the upper and lower treelines:A case study in the Qilian Mountains,Tibetan Plateau.PLo S ONE,8:e69065.
Zhang LN,Jiang Y,Zhao SD,et al.2017.Lingering response of radial growth of Picea crassifolia to climate at different altitudes in the Qilian Mountains,Northwest China.Trees:Structure and Function,32:455-465.
邓少福.2013.祁连山气候变化对植被的影响研究(2000-2011)(博士学位论文).兰州:兰州大学.
郭允允,刘鸿雁,任佶,等.2007.天山中段树木生长对气候垂直梯度的响应.第四纪研究,27(3):322-331.
刘兴聪.1992.祁连山哈溪林场青海云杉林生物量的测定.甘肃林业科技,(1):7-10.
宋文琦,朱良军,张旭,等.2018.青藏高原东北部不同降水梯度下高山林线祁连圆柏径向生长与气候关系的比较.植物生态学报,42(1):571-577.
吴祥定.1990.树木年轮与气候变化.北京:气象出版社.
徐金梅,鲍甫成,吕建雄,等.2012.祁连山青海云杉径向生长对气候的响应.北京林业大学学报,34(2):1-6.
袁亚鹏.2015.祁连山中部不同海拔青海云杉径向生长对气候的响应(硕士学位论文).兰州:兰州大学.
曾令兵,王襄平,常锦峰,等.2012.祁连山中段青海云杉高山林线交错区树轮宽度与气候变化的关系.北京林业大学学报,34(5):50-56.
张贇,尹定财,孙梅,等.2018.滇西北石卡雪山2个针叶树种森林上限径向生长对温度和降水的响应.生态学报,38(7):2442-2449.
Chen F,Yuan YJ,Wei WS,et al.2012.Temperature reconstruction from tree-ring maximum latewood density of Qinghai spruce in middle Hexi Corridor,China.Theoretical and Applied Climatology,107:633-643.
Cook ER,Kairiukstis LA.1990.Methods of dendrochronology:Applications in the environmental sciences.Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Deng Y,Gou XH,Gao LL,et al.2013.Aridity changes in the eastern Qilian Mountains since AD 1856 reconstructed from tree-rings.Quaternary International,283:78-84.
Fritts HC.1925.Tree rings and climate.New York:Academic Press.
Gao LL,Gou XH,Deng Y,et al.2015.Dendroclimatic reconstruction of temperature in the eastern Qilian Mountains,northwestern China.Climate Research,62:241-250.
Gao LL,Gou XH,Deng Y,et al.2013.Dendroclimatic response of Picea crassifolia along an altitudinal gradient in the eastern Qilian Mountains,Northwest China.Arctic Antarctic and Alpine Research,45:491-499.
Gao LL,Gou XH,Deng Y,et al.2018.Increased growth of Qinghai spruce in northwestern China during the recent warming hiatus.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,260-261:9-16.
Huang JG,Deslauriers A,Rossi S.2014.Xylem formation can be modeled statistically as a function of primary growth and cambium activity.New Phytologist,203:831-841.
Kang SY,Yang B,Qin C,et al.2013.Extreme drought events in the years 1877-1878,and 1928,in the southeast Qilian Mountains and the air-sea coupling system.Quaternary International,283:85-92.
Liang EY,Shao XM,Eckstein D,et al.2010.Spatial variability of tree growth along a latitudinal transect in the Qilian Mountains,northeastern Tibetan Plateau.Canadian Journal of Forest Research,40:200-211.
Liang EY,Shao XM,Eckstein D,et al.2006.Topography-and species-dependent growth responses of Sabina przewalskii and Picea crassifolia to climate on the northeast Tibetan Plateau.Forest Ecology and Management,236:268-277.
Liang EY,Shao XM,Liu XH.2009.Annual precipitation variation inferred from tree rings since A.D.1770 for the western Qilian Mts.,Northern Tibetan Plateau.Tree-ring Research,65:95-103.
Lu JX,Xu JM,Wu YQ,et al.2015.Climatic signals in wood property variables of Picea crassifolia.Wood and Fiber Science Journal of the Society of Wood Science and Technology,47:131-140.
Magnuszewski M,Bijak S,Orozumbekow A,et al.2015.Different growth patterns of Picea schrenkiana subsp.tianshanica(Rupr.)Bykov and Juglans regia L.coexisting under the same ecological conditions in the Sary-Chelek Biosphere Reserve in Kyrgyzstan.Dendrobiology,73:11-20.
Rossi S,Rathgeber CBK,Deslauriers A.2009.Comparing needle and shoot phenology with xylem development on three conifer species in Italy.Annals of Forest Science,66:206-206.
Subedi N,Sharma M.2013.Climate-diameter growth relationships of black spruce and jack pine trees in boreal Ontario,Canada.Global Change Biology,19:505-516.
Tian QY,He ZB,Xiao SC,et al.2017.Response of stem radial growth of Qinghai spruce(Picea crassifolia)to environmental factors in the Qilian Mountains of China.Dendrochronologia,44:76-83.
Vicente-Serrano SM,Camarero JJ,Azorin-Molina C.2014.Diverse responses of forest growth to drought time-scales in the Northern Hemisphere.Global Ecology and Biogeography,23:1019-1030.
Wang B,Chen T,Xu GB,et al.2018.Anthropogenic-management could mitigate declines in growth and survival of Qinghai spruce(Picea crassifolia)in the east Qilian Mountains,northeast Tibetan Plateau.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,250:118-126.
Wang WZ,Liu XH,Shao XM,et al.2015a.Differential response of Qilian juniper radial growth to climate variations in the middle of Qilian Mountains and the northeastern Qaidam Basin.Climatic Change,133:237-251.
Wang ZY,Yang B,Deslauriers A,et al.2015b.Intra-annual stem radial increment response of Qilian juniper to temperature and precipitation along an altitudinal gradient in northwestern China.Trees:Structure and Function,29:25-34.
Yang B,He MH,Melvin TM,et al.2013.Climate control on tree growth at the upper and lower treelines:A case study in the Qilian Mountains,Tibetan Plateau.PLo S ONE,8:e69065.
Zhang LN,Jiang Y,Zhao SD,et al.2017.Lingering response of radial growth of Picea crassifolia to climate at different altitudes in the Qilian Mountains,Northwest China.Trees:Structure and Function,32:455-465.