大气降尘污染对典型农作物生长发育及重金属含量的影响
|
摘要
为揭示大气降尘对作物生长和农产品品质的影响,采用不同来源和不同程度的降尘,模拟开展降尘-农作物盆栽试验,分析青菜和水稻幼苗光合及呼吸速率、叶绿素含量、地上部干物质质量以及重金属含量的变化。结果表明,大气降尘显著抑制了2种农作物的光合速率,降低了叶片中叶绿素含量,同时提高了呼吸速率,导致青菜和水稻幼苗地上部干物质质量分别下降了11.8%～51.3%和12.7%～35.5%。大气降尘使青菜和水稻幼苗植株中部分重金属元素含量显著增加,农作物安全品质降低。
In order to investigate the influence of atmospheric dust-fall on the crop growth and product quality, the dust-fall collected from different sources was used to simulate the dust-fall deposition experiments with two typical crops under different concentrations. The photosynthetic and respiratory rates, chlorophyll content, biomass and heavy metal contents of aboveground parts of pakchoi(Brassica chinensis) and rice(Oryza sativa) seedling were analyzed. The results showed that atmospheric dust-fall significantly inhibited the photosynthetic rates of these crops, reduced the leaf chlorophyll contents, and enhanced the respiration rates, resulting in a decrease of dry weight of aboveground pakchoi and rice seedling by 11.8%-51.3 % and 12.7%-35.5%, respectively. Atmospheric dust-fall significantly increased the contents of some heavy metals accumulated in pakchoi and rise seedling, and eventually worsened the crop quality.
In order to investigate the influence of atmospheric dust-fall on the crop growth and product quality, the dust-fall collected from different sources was used to simulate the dust-fall deposition experiments with two typical crops under different concentrations. The photosynthetic and respiratory rates, chlorophyll content, biomass and heavy metal contents of aboveground parts of pakchoi(Brassica chinensis) and rice(Oryza sativa) seedling were analyzed. The results showed that atmospheric dust-fall significantly inhibited the photosynthetic rates of these crops, reduced the leaf chlorophyll contents, and enhanced the respiration rates, resulting in a decrease of dry weight of aboveground pakchoi and rice seedling by 11.8%-51.3 % and 12.7%-35.5%, respectively. Atmospheric dust-fall significantly increased the contents of some heavy metals accumulated in pakchoi and rise seedling, and eventually worsened the crop quality.
引文
[1] 王赞红.大气降尘监测研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2003,17(1):54-59.WANG Z H.The research on the aerolion dust deposition monitoring[J].Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2003,17(1):54-59.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[2] 赵朕,罗小三,索晨,等.大气PM2.5中重金属研究进展[J].环境与健康杂志,2017,34(3):273-277.ZHAO Z,LUO X S,SUO C,et al.Research advance on heavy metals in atmospheric PM2.5[J].Journal of Environment and Health,2017,34(3):273-277.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[3] LUO X S,ZHAO Z,CHEN Y,et al.Effects of emission control and meteorological parameters on urban air quality showed by the 2014 Youth Olympic Games in China[J].Fresenius Environmental Bulletin,2017,26:4798-4807.
[4] 乔庆庆,黄宝春,张春霞.华北地区大气降尘和地表土壤磁学特征及污染来源[J].科学通报,2014,59(18):1748-1760.QIAO Q Q,HUANG B C,ZHANG C X.Magnetic properties and pollution sources in dusfall and topsoil of North China[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2014,59(18):1748-1760.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[5] LUO X S,MULETA D,HU Z H,et al.Inclusive development and agricultural adaptation to climate change[J].Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability,2017,24:78-83.
[6] 赵秀娟,蒲维维,孟伟,等.北京地区秋季雾霾天PM2.5污染与气溶胶光学特征分析[J].环境科学,2013,34(2):416-423.ZHAO X J,PU W W,MENG W,et al.PM2.5 pollution and aerosol optical properties in fog and haze days during autumn and winter in Beijing area[J].Environmental Science,2013,34(2):416-423.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[7] TOMA?EVI■,et al.Characterization of trace metal particles deposited on some deciduous tree leaves in an urban area[J].Chemosphere,2005,61(6):753-760.
[8] 吕铃钥,李洪远,杨佳楠.植物吸附大气颗粒物的时空变化规律及其影响因素的研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(2):524-533.Lü L Y,LI H Y,YANG J N.The temporal-spatial variation characteristics and influencing factors of absorbing air particulate matters by plants:a review[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2016,35(2):524-533.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[9] S?B? A,POPEK R,NAWROT B,et al.Plant species differences in particulate matter accumulation on leaf surfaces[J].Science of the Total Environment,2012,427/428:347-354.
[10] 赵松婷,李新宇,李延明.园林植物滞留不同粒径大气颗粒物的特征及规律[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(2):271-276.ZHAO S T,LI X Y,LI Y M.The characteristics of deposition of airborne particulate matters with different size on certain plants[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2014,23(2):271-276.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[11] 李巧云,关振寰,殷芙蓉,等.浮尘对冬小麦叶片光合作用及细胞膜透性的影响[J].生态环境学报,2012,21(8):1387-1391.LI Q Y,GUAN Z H,YIN F R,et al.Effects of suspended dust on the photosynthesis and the membrane permeability of winter wheat leaves[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2012,21(8):1387-1391.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[12] 王宏炜,曹琼辉,黄峰,等.尘污染对植物的生理和生态特性影响[J].广西植物,2009,29(5):621-626.WANG H W,CAO Q H,HUANG F,et al.Ecological and physiological effects of dusting pollution on vegetation[J].Guihaia,2009,29(5):621-626.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[13] PAN Y P,WANG Y S.Atmospheric wet and dry deposition of trace elements at 10 sites in Northern China[J].Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2015,15(2):951-972.
[14] ANDERSEN A,HOVMAND M F,JOHNSEN I.Atmospheric heavy metal deposition in the Copenhagen area[J].Environmental Pollution,1978,17(2):133-151.
[15] OKUBO A,TAKEDA S,OBATA H.Atmospheric deposition of trace metals to the western North Pacific Ocean observed at coastal station in Japan[J].Atmospheric Research,2013,129/130:20-32.
[16] CHEN H,LU X W,LI L Y,et al.Metal contamination in campus dust of Xi'an,China:a study based on multivariate statistics and spatial distribution[J].Science of the Total Environment,2014,484:27-35.
[17] LEE P K,CHOI B Y,KANG M J.Assessment of mobility and bio-availability of heavy metals in dry depositions of Asian dust and implications for environmental risk[J].Chemosphere,2015,119:1411-1421.
[18] 程珂,杨新萍,赵方杰.大气沉降及土壤扬尘对天津城郊蔬菜重金属含量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(10):1837-1845.CHENG K,YANG X P,ZHAO F J.Effects of atmospheric and dust deposition on content of heavy metals in vegetables in suburbs of Tianjin[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2015,34(10):1837-1845.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[19] FENG J F,WANG Y X,ZHAO J,et al.Source attributions of heavy metals in rice plant along highway in Eastern China[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2011,23(7):1158-1164.
[20] 国家环境保护局,中国环境监测总站.中国土壤元素背景值[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.
[21] 章明奎,刘兆云,周翠.铅锌矿区附近大气沉降对蔬菜中重金属积累的影响[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2010,36(2):221-229.ZHANG M K,LIU Z Y,ZHOU C.Effect of atmospheric deposition on heavy metal accumulation in vegetable crop near a lead-zinc smelt mine[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Agriculture and Life Sciences),2010,36(2):221-229.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[22] TERZAGHI E,WILD E,ZACCHELLO G,et al.Forest filter effect:role of leaves in capturing/releasing air particulate matter and its associated PAHs[J].Atmospheric Environment,2013,74:378-384.
[23] SIQUEIRA-SILVA A I,PEREIRA E G,MODOLO L V,et al.Leaf structural traits of tropical woody species resistant to cement dust[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2016,23(16):16104-16114.
[24] HASSAN Z,AARTS M G M.Opportunities and feasibilities for biotechnological improvement of Zn,Cd or Ni tolerance and accumulation in plants[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2011,72(1):53-63.
[25] MANIOS T,STENTIFORD E I,MILLNER P A.The effect of heavy metals accumulation on the chlorophyll concentration of Typha latifolia plants,growing in a substrate containing sewage sludge compost and watered with metaliferus water[J].Ecological Engineering,2003,20(1):65-74.
[26] HIRANO T,KIYOTA M,AIGA I.Physical effects of dust on leaf physiology of cucumber and kidney bean plants[J].Environmental Pollution,1995,89(3):255-261.
[27] LUO X S,WANG P.Environmental biogeochemistry of elements and emerging contaminants[J].Journal of Chemistry,2018,2018:2763620.
[28] DE TEMMERMAN L,RUTTENS A,WAEGENEERS N.Impact of atmospheric deposition of As,Cd and Pb on their concentration in carrot and celeriac[J].Environmental Pollution,2012,166:187-195.
[29] 刘德绍,青长乐.大气和土壤对蔬菜汞的贡献[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(3):315-318.LIU D S,QING C L.Contribution to vegetable mercury from atmosphere and soil[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2002,13(3):315-318.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[30] 刘芳,王书肖,吴清茹,等.大型炼锌厂周边土壤及蔬菜的汞污染评价及来源分析[J].环境科学,2013,34(2):712-717.LIU F,WANG S X,WU Q R,et al.Evaluation and source analysis of the mercury pollution in soils and vegetables around a large-scale zinc smelting plant[J].Environmental Science,2013,34(2):712-717.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[2] 赵朕,罗小三,索晨,等.大气PM2.5中重金属研究进展[J].环境与健康杂志,2017,34(3):273-277.ZHAO Z,LUO X S,SUO C,et al.Research advance on heavy metals in atmospheric PM2.5[J].Journal of Environment and Health,2017,34(3):273-277.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[3] LUO X S,ZHAO Z,CHEN Y,et al.Effects of emission control and meteorological parameters on urban air quality showed by the 2014 Youth Olympic Games in China[J].Fresenius Environmental Bulletin,2017,26:4798-4807.
[4] 乔庆庆,黄宝春,张春霞.华北地区大气降尘和地表土壤磁学特征及污染来源[J].科学通报,2014,59(18):1748-1760.QIAO Q Q,HUANG B C,ZHANG C X.Magnetic properties and pollution sources in dusfall and topsoil of North China[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2014,59(18):1748-1760.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[5] LUO X S,MULETA D,HU Z H,et al.Inclusive development and agricultural adaptation to climate change[J].Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability,2017,24:78-83.
[6] 赵秀娟,蒲维维,孟伟,等.北京地区秋季雾霾天PM2.5污染与气溶胶光学特征分析[J].环境科学,2013,34(2):416-423.ZHAO X J,PU W W,MENG W,et al.PM2.5 pollution and aerosol optical properties in fog and haze days during autumn and winter in Beijing area[J].Environmental Science,2013,34(2):416-423.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[7] TOMA?EVI■,et al.Characterization of trace metal particles deposited on some deciduous tree leaves in an urban area[J].Chemosphere,2005,61(6):753-760.
[8] 吕铃钥,李洪远,杨佳楠.植物吸附大气颗粒物的时空变化规律及其影响因素的研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(2):524-533.Lü L Y,LI H Y,YANG J N.The temporal-spatial variation characteristics and influencing factors of absorbing air particulate matters by plants:a review[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2016,35(2):524-533.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[9] S?B? A,POPEK R,NAWROT B,et al.Plant species differences in particulate matter accumulation on leaf surfaces[J].Science of the Total Environment,2012,427/428:347-354.
[10] 赵松婷,李新宇,李延明.园林植物滞留不同粒径大气颗粒物的特征及规律[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(2):271-276.ZHAO S T,LI X Y,LI Y M.The characteristics of deposition of airborne particulate matters with different size on certain plants[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2014,23(2):271-276.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[11] 李巧云,关振寰,殷芙蓉,等.浮尘对冬小麦叶片光合作用及细胞膜透性的影响[J].生态环境学报,2012,21(8):1387-1391.LI Q Y,GUAN Z H,YIN F R,et al.Effects of suspended dust on the photosynthesis and the membrane permeability of winter wheat leaves[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2012,21(8):1387-1391.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[12] 王宏炜,曹琼辉,黄峰,等.尘污染对植物的生理和生态特性影响[J].广西植物,2009,29(5):621-626.WANG H W,CAO Q H,HUANG F,et al.Ecological and physiological effects of dusting pollution on vegetation[J].Guihaia,2009,29(5):621-626.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[13] PAN Y P,WANG Y S.Atmospheric wet and dry deposition of trace elements at 10 sites in Northern China[J].Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2015,15(2):951-972.
[14] ANDERSEN A,HOVMAND M F,JOHNSEN I.Atmospheric heavy metal deposition in the Copenhagen area[J].Environmental Pollution,1978,17(2):133-151.
[15] OKUBO A,TAKEDA S,OBATA H.Atmospheric deposition of trace metals to the western North Pacific Ocean observed at coastal station in Japan[J].Atmospheric Research,2013,129/130:20-32.
[16] CHEN H,LU X W,LI L Y,et al.Metal contamination in campus dust of Xi'an,China:a study based on multivariate statistics and spatial distribution[J].Science of the Total Environment,2014,484:27-35.
[17] LEE P K,CHOI B Y,KANG M J.Assessment of mobility and bio-availability of heavy metals in dry depositions of Asian dust and implications for environmental risk[J].Chemosphere,2015,119:1411-1421.
[18] 程珂,杨新萍,赵方杰.大气沉降及土壤扬尘对天津城郊蔬菜重金属含量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(10):1837-1845.CHENG K,YANG X P,ZHAO F J.Effects of atmospheric and dust deposition on content of heavy metals in vegetables in suburbs of Tianjin[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2015,34(10):1837-1845.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[19] FENG J F,WANG Y X,ZHAO J,et al.Source attributions of heavy metals in rice plant along highway in Eastern China[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2011,23(7):1158-1164.
[20] 国家环境保护局,中国环境监测总站.中国土壤元素背景值[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.
[21] 章明奎,刘兆云,周翠.铅锌矿区附近大气沉降对蔬菜中重金属积累的影响[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2010,36(2):221-229.ZHANG M K,LIU Z Y,ZHOU C.Effect of atmospheric deposition on heavy metal accumulation in vegetable crop near a lead-zinc smelt mine[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Agriculture and Life Sciences),2010,36(2):221-229.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[22] TERZAGHI E,WILD E,ZACCHELLO G,et al.Forest filter effect:role of leaves in capturing/releasing air particulate matter and its associated PAHs[J].Atmospheric Environment,2013,74:378-384.
[23] SIQUEIRA-SILVA A I,PEREIRA E G,MODOLO L V,et al.Leaf structural traits of tropical woody species resistant to cement dust[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2016,23(16):16104-16114.
[24] HASSAN Z,AARTS M G M.Opportunities and feasibilities for biotechnological improvement of Zn,Cd or Ni tolerance and accumulation in plants[J].Environmental and Experimental Botany,2011,72(1):53-63.
[25] MANIOS T,STENTIFORD E I,MILLNER P A.The effect of heavy metals accumulation on the chlorophyll concentration of Typha latifolia plants,growing in a substrate containing sewage sludge compost and watered with metaliferus water[J].Ecological Engineering,2003,20(1):65-74.
[26] HIRANO T,KIYOTA M,AIGA I.Physical effects of dust on leaf physiology of cucumber and kidney bean plants[J].Environmental Pollution,1995,89(3):255-261.
[27] LUO X S,WANG P.Environmental biogeochemistry of elements and emerging contaminants[J].Journal of Chemistry,2018,2018:2763620.
[28] DE TEMMERMAN L,RUTTENS A,WAEGENEERS N.Impact of atmospheric deposition of As,Cd and Pb on their concentration in carrot and celeriac[J].Environmental Pollution,2012,166:187-195.
[29] 刘德绍,青长乐.大气和土壤对蔬菜汞的贡献[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(3):315-318.LIU D S,QING C L.Contribution to vegetable mercury from atmosphere and soil[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2002,13(3):315-318.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[30] 刘芳,王书肖,吴清茹,等.大型炼锌厂周边土壤及蔬菜的汞污染评价及来源分析[J].环境科学,2013,34(2):712-717.LIU F,WANG S X,WU Q R,et al.Evaluation and source analysis of the mercury pollution in soils and vegetables around a large-scale zinc smelting plant[J].Environmental Science,2013,34(2):712-717.(in Chinese with English abstract)
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |