淮河流域湖泊沉积与环境变迁
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摘要
从不同时间尺度、空间尺度及与其他研究结果的对比等方面总结了近年来淮河流域湖泊沉积与环境变迁研究的主要成果.目前相关研究主要集中在洪泽湖、南四湖、高邮湖等几个面积较大的湖泊.已有的湖泊沉积记录主要以短时间尺度研究为主,而中长时间尺度研究稍显不足,这可能与该地区湖泊沉积连续性较差有关.与中国东部其他地区研究结果的对比表明,淮河流域湖泊沉积所反映的气候环境变化和其他地区具有较好的一致性.当前和今后该地区需要进一步分析更多湖泊沉积岩芯所反映的区域气候与环境变迁历史,并加强不同湖泊之间以及与其他湖泊之间的对比研究,开展不同环境代用指标与气候要素以及人类活动之间定量关系的研究,发现新的更为敏感的环境代用指标,探讨该地区历史时期古洪水的发生及演变规律,深入理解区域湖泊变化及其驱动机制.
For the past years,many studies related to lake sediments and environment changes in Huaihe River Basin have been carried out.In this paper,these studies were synthesized based on various aspects of different time scales,spatial scales,and comparisons with other results.Presently,the ralated studies in the Huaihe River Basin mainly focus on several large lakes,such as Hongze Lake,Nansi Lake,and Gaoyou Lake.These records are mainly short-term in temporal scale,but it is deficient for the studies with the medium and long-term scales.This may be related to the poor continuity of lacustrine deposition in this area.From the comparison among these study results and those in other areas in eastern China,the climate and environmental changes in the Huaihe River Basin are in good agreement with other regions.Overall,many aspects must be emphasized in the current and future studies in this region.More lake sites should be explored to understand the history of regional climate and environmental changes,and the comparison among these studies as well as with other results from different regions need to be strengthened.Moreover,the quantitative study between proxies and climatic factors and anthropogenic activities should be deepened.New sensitive proxies also required to be discovered to investigate the occurrence and evolution of the paleoflood in this area,and have a better understanding of the lake changes and their driving mechanisms.
For the past years,many studies related to lake sediments and environment changes in Huaihe River Basin have been carried out.In this paper,these studies were synthesized based on various aspects of different time scales,spatial scales,and comparisons with other results.Presently,the ralated studies in the Huaihe River Basin mainly focus on several large lakes,such as Hongze Lake,Nansi Lake,and Gaoyou Lake.These records are mainly short-term in temporal scale,but it is deficient for the studies with the medium and long-term scales.This may be related to the poor continuity of lacustrine deposition in this area.From the comparison among these study results and those in other areas in eastern China,the climate and environmental changes in the Huaihe River Basin are in good agreement with other regions.Overall,many aspects must be emphasized in the current and future studies in this region.More lake sites should be explored to understand the history of regional climate and environmental changes,and the comparison among these studies as well as with other results from different regions need to be strengthened.Moreover,the quantitative study between proxies and climatic factors and anthropogenic activities should be deepened.New sensitive proxies also required to be discovered to investigate the occurrence and evolution of the paleoflood in this area,and have a better understanding of the lake changes and their driving mechanisms.
引文
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[20]王永平,洪大林,申霞,等.骆马湖沉积物重金属及营养盐污染研究[J].南水北调与水利科技,2013,11(6):45.
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[27]韩昭庆.洪泽湖演变的历史过程及其背景分析[J].中国历史地理论丛,1998(2):61.
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[29]杨迈里,黄群.女山湖地区北宋以来旱涝灾害的初步探讨[J].湖泊科学,1997,9(2):147.
[30]项亮,王苏民,薛滨.切尔诺贝利核事故泄漏137 Cs在苏皖地区湖泊沉积物中的蓄积及时标意义[J].海洋与湖沼,1996,27(2):132.
[31]杨競红,王颖,张振克,等.苏北平原2.58 Ma以来的海陆环境演变历史---宝应钻孔沉积物的常量元素记录[J].第四纪研究,2006,26(3):340.
[32]凌申.全新世以来硕项湖地区的海陆演变[J].海洋通报,2003,22(4):48.
[33]舒强,陈晔,张茂恒,等.苏北平原周庄镇浅钻沉积物粘土矿物分布特征及其环境意义[J].地理科学,2012,32(2):238.
[34]金权.安徽淮北平原第四系[M].北京:地质出版社,1990:1-170.
[35]中国科学院《中国自然地理》编辑委员会.中国自然地理·历史自然地理[M].北京:科学出版社,1982:123-130.
[36]薛滨,于革,张风菊.中国晚第四纪古湖泊数据库[M].2版.北京:科学出版社,2016:1-465.
[37]沈吉.湖泊沉积研究的历史进展与展望[J].湖泊科学,2009,21(3):307.
[2]王苏民,张振克.中国湖泊沉积与环境演变研究的新进展[J].科学通报,1999,44(6):579.
[3]Fagel N,Bertrand S,Mattielli N,et al.Geochemical evidence(C,N and Pb isotopes)of recent anthropogenic impact in south-central Chile from two environmentally distinct lake sediment records[J].J Quaternary Sci,2010,25(7):1100.
[4]吴艳宏,刘恩峰,邴海健,等.人类活动影响下的长江中游龙感湖近代湖泊沉积年代序列[J].中国科学:地球科学,2010,40(6):751.
[5]黄润,朱诚,郑朝贵.安徽淮河流域全新世环境演变对新石器遗址分布的影响[J].地理学报,2005,60(5):742.
[6]周崇云.淮河流域史前文化形成和发展的基础---关于淮河流域原始经济的探讨[J].安徽大学学报(哲学社会科学版),1999,23(5):8.
[7]王栋.试析淮河洪涝灾害成因[J].科技导报,2005,23(9):14.
[8]何华春,丁海燕,张振克,等.淮河中下游洪泽湖湖泊沉积物粒度特征及其沉积环境意义[J].地理科学,2005,25(5):590.
[9]何华春,许叶华,杨競红,等.洪泽湖流域沉积物重金属元素的环境记录分析[J].第四纪研究,2007,27(5):766.
[10]沈吉,张恩楼,张祖陆,等.山东南四湖成湖时代浅析[J].湖泊科学,2000,12(1):91.
[11]沈吉,张祖陆.南四湖沉积剖面占色素与有机碳同位素特征的古环境意义[J].湖泊科学,1998,10(2):17.
[12]吴艳宏,沈吉,夏威岚,等.南四湖3000年来南北沉积差异[J].古地理学报,1999,1(2):78.
[13]杨丽原,沈吉,张祖陆,等.南四湖表层底泥重金属污染及其风险性评价[J].湖泊科学,2003,15(3):252.
[14]张祖陆,沈吉,孙庆义,等.南四湖的形成及水环境演变[J].海洋与湖沼,2002,33(3):314.
[15]张振克,王苏民.黄河下游南四湖地区黄河河道变迁的湖泊沉积响应[J].湖泊科学,1999,11(3):231.
[16]Li S H,Fu G H,Guo W,et al.Environmental changes during modern period from the record of Gaoyou Lake sediments,Jiangsu[J].J Geogr Sci,2007,17(1):62.
[17]Li S H,Guo W,Yin Y,et al.Environmental changes inferred from lacustrine sediments and historical literature:a record from Gaoyou Lake,eastern China[J].Quatern Int,2015,380/381:350.
[18]李书恒,郭伟,殷勇.高邮湖沉积物地球化学记录的环境变化及其对人类活动的响应[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2013,33(3):143.
[19]唐薇,殷勇,李书恒,等.高邮湖GY07-02柱状样的沉积记录与湖泊环境演化[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2014,34(4):145.
[20]王永平,洪大林,申霞,等.骆马湖沉积物重金属及营养盐污染研究[J].南水北调与水利科技,2013,11(6):45.
[21]夏威岚,王云飞.女山湖现代沉积速率和环境解释[J].湖泊科学,1995,7(4):314.
[22]王云飞,夏威岚,潘红玺,等.淮河中游本世纪气候与环境波动的湖泊记录证据[J].湖泊科学,1998,10(2):52.
[23]马荣华,杨桂山,段洪涛,等.中国湖泊的数量,面积与空间分布[J].中国科学:地球科学,2011,41(3):394.
[24]王苏民,窦鸿身.中国湖泊志[M].北京:科学出版社,1998:268-281.
[25]王庆,陈吉余.洪泽湖和淮河入洪泽湖河口的形成与演化[J].湖泊科学,1999,11(3):237.
[26]杨达源,王云飞.近2000年淮河流域地理环境的变化与洪灾---淮河中游的洪灾与洪泽湖的变化[J].湖泊科学,1995,7(1):1.
[27]韩昭庆.洪泽湖演变的历史过程及其背景分析[J].中国历史地理论丛,1998(2):61.
[28]杨士建.南水北调东线工程骆马湖生态建设[J].环境科学与技术,2006,29(1):92.
[29]杨迈里,黄群.女山湖地区北宋以来旱涝灾害的初步探讨[J].湖泊科学,1997,9(2):147.
[30]项亮,王苏民,薛滨.切尔诺贝利核事故泄漏137 Cs在苏皖地区湖泊沉积物中的蓄积及时标意义[J].海洋与湖沼,1996,27(2):132.
[31]杨競红,王颖,张振克,等.苏北平原2.58 Ma以来的海陆环境演变历史---宝应钻孔沉积物的常量元素记录[J].第四纪研究,2006,26(3):340.
[32]凌申.全新世以来硕项湖地区的海陆演变[J].海洋通报,2003,22(4):48.
[33]舒强,陈晔,张茂恒,等.苏北平原周庄镇浅钻沉积物粘土矿物分布特征及其环境意义[J].地理科学,2012,32(2):238.
[34]金权.安徽淮北平原第四系[M].北京:地质出版社,1990:1-170.
[35]中国科学院《中国自然地理》编辑委员会.中国自然地理·历史自然地理[M].北京:科学出版社,1982:123-130.
[36]薛滨,于革,张风菊.中国晚第四纪古湖泊数据库[M].2版.北京:科学出版社,2016:1-465.
[37]沈吉.湖泊沉积研究的历史进展与展望[J].湖泊科学,2009,21(3):307.