水稻叶倾角分子机制及育种应用的研究进展
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摘要
水稻叶倾角是指叶片与茎秆之间的夹角,叶倾角影响叶片光合作用速率,与株型和产量密切相关,如直立叶片就是水稻理想株型形态因素之一。叶倾角的大小受到多种植物激素的调控,是油菜素内酯、生长素、赤霉素、茉莉酸等多种激素相互作用的结果,另外,其他因素如根系分布、叶片大小、生长环境等也会对水稻叶倾角大小产生一定的影响。本文根据水稻叶倾角的研究进展,着重从叶枕的发育、激素水平及其他因素等方面,对水稻叶倾角的分子机制及其在育种中的应用进行阐述与总结,以期为水稻株型的分子设计育种提供参考,为进一步提高水稻的产量奠定理论基础。
Rice leaf inclination refers to the degree of bending between leaves and stems, which is one of the most important factors affecting plant architecture and grain yield. Leaf inclination affects leaf photosynthesis rate. Upright leaves are one of the factors of the ideal plant type of rice. Leaf inclination is regulated by a variety of genes, and is the result of interactions between various plant hormones such as brassinosteroids, auxin, gibberellin, and jasmonic acid. Other factors such as root distribution, leaf size, and growth environment also have a certain impact on the leaf inclination. Based on the research progress of rice leaf inclination, this review summarizes and elaborates on the molecular mechanism of rice leaf inclination and the application of leaf inclination in breeding from the aspects of lamina joint development, hormone levels and other factors, so as to provide reference for ideal plant type breeding and lay a theoretical foundation for further improvement of rice yield.
Rice leaf inclination refers to the degree of bending between leaves and stems, which is one of the most important factors affecting plant architecture and grain yield. Leaf inclination affects leaf photosynthesis rate. Upright leaves are one of the factors of the ideal plant type of rice. Leaf inclination is regulated by a variety of genes, and is the result of interactions between various plant hormones such as brassinosteroids, auxin, gibberellin, and jasmonic acid. Other factors such as root distribution, leaf size, and growth environment also have a certain impact on the leaf inclination. Based on the research progress of rice leaf inclination, this review summarizes and elaborates on the molecular mechanism of rice leaf inclination and the application of leaf inclination in breeding from the aspects of lamina joint development, hormone levels and other factors, so as to provide reference for ideal plant type breeding and lay a theoretical foundation for further improvement of rice yield.
引文
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[3] Khush G S. What it will take to feed 5.0 billion rice consumers in 2030. Plant Mol Biol, 2005, 59(1):1-6.
[4] Yang S R, Chen W F, Zhang L B. Trends in breeding rice forideotype. Chin J Rice Sci, 1988.
[5]袁隆平.杂交水稻超高产育种.杂交水稻, 1997(6):1-6.Yuan L P. Super high yield breeding of hybrid rice.Hybrid Rice, 1997(6):1-6.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[6]徐静,王莉,钱前,张光恒.水稻叶片形态建成分子调控机制研究进展.作物学报, 2013, 39(5):767-774.Xu J, Wang L, Qian Q, Zhang G H. Research advance in molecule regulation mechanism of leaf morphogenesis in rice(Oryza sativa L.). Acta Agron Sin, 2013, 39(5):767-774.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[7] Mantilla-Perez M B, Salas Fernandez M G. Differential manipulation of leaf angle throughout the canopy:Current status and prospects. J Exp Bot, 2017, 68(21-22):5699-5717.
[8]朱长丰,梁利君,曾思远,李天伟,董冠杉,洪德林.水稻剑叶角度qFla-8-2位点的精细定位.中国水稻科学, 2016, 30(1):27-34.Zhu C F, Liang L J, Zeng S Y, Li T W, Dong G S, Hong D L. Fine mapping of qFla-8-2 for flag leaf angle in rice.Chin J Rice Sci, 2016, 30(1):27-34.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[9]周行岳,吴向东,王奉斌,王容.高产水稻品种株型模式探讨.新疆农垦科技, 1999(4):30-31.Zhou X Y, Wu X D, Wang F B, Wang R. Discussion on plant type pattern of high yield rice varieties. Xinjiang Agric Reclam Sci Technol, 1999(4):30-31.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[10] Duan K, Li L, Hu P, Xu S P, Xu Z H, Xue H W. A brassinolide-suppressed rice MADS-box transcription factor, OsMDP1, has a negative regulatory role in BR signaling. Plant J, 2010, 47(4):519-531.
[11] Tanaka A, Nakagawa H, Tomita C, Shimatani Z, Ohtake M, Nomura T, Jiang C J, Dubouzet J G, Kikuchi S,Sekimoto H, Kamakura T, Mori M. BRASSINOSTEROID UPREGULATED1, encoding a helix-loop-helix protein,is a novel gene involved in brassinosteroid signaling and controls bending of the lamina joint in rice. Plant Physiol,2009, 151(2):669-680.
[12] Sun S Y, Chen D H, Li X M, Qiao S A, Li C X, Shen H Y,Wang X E. Brassinosteroid signaling regulates leaf erectness in Oryza sativa via the control of a specific U-type cyclin and cell proliferation. Dev Cell, 2015,34(2):220-228.
[13] Zhao S Q, Hu J, Guo L B, Qian Q, Xue H W. Rice leaf inclination2, a VIN3-like protein, regulates leaf angle through modulating cell division of the collar. Cell Res,2010, 20(8):935-947.
[14] Luo X Y, Zheng J S, Huang Y M, Huang H C, Wang L G,Fang X J. Phytohormones signaling and crosstalk regulating leaf angle in rice. Plant Cell Rep, 2016,35(12):2423-2433.
[15] Clouse S D, Sasse J M. BRASSINOSTEROIDS:Essential regulators of plant growth and development.Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol, 1998, 49:427-451.
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