基于超效率三阶段DEA模型的建筑业碳排放研究
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摘要
该文考虑建筑业产业关联度高的特性,将建筑业间接碳排放引入到效率测算框架,同时剔除各省域外部环境变量的影响,基于中国30个省区建筑业2004-2015年的相关数据,使用超效率三阶段DEA模型测算了各省建筑业的碳排放效率,对效率值的变化情况及地区、省际差异性进行研究。实证结果表明:剔除环境变量和随机误差前后所测算的碳排放效率值具有显著性差异;研究期内各省(市)建筑业碳排放效率均值达到有效的仅北京、上海、浙江、江苏、广东等5省(市),并且中国各省区间效率水平存在明显差异;从效率值变化角度来看,中国建筑业碳排放效率整体表现出波动增长的局面,山西、辽宁、浙江、山东、广东、四川等6省出现了效率值降低的情况,其中广东降幅最大;中国东、中、西部3个地区的平均建筑业碳排放效率随时间缓慢增长,但地区间存在明显差异,呈现出自东向西逐渐降低的格局。
Taking into account of the high correlation of construction industry,this paper studied the issues regarding the status of carbon emission efficiency of the construction industry in China's 30 provinces.In this study,indirect carbon emission of construction industry is introduced into the efficiency measurement framework,and the impact of external environmental variables in each province is rejected;and a three-stage super-efficiency DEA model was used to measure the carbon emission efficiency of the construction industry of each province using the related data of the years 2004 to 2015 covering China's30 provinces,the changes of which and the differences of the efficiency values among the regions and provinces were studied.Consequently,it was showed that the values of carbon emission efficiency measured and the random errors differed a lot before and after the rejecting of external environmental variables;it seemed that the average values of carbon emission efficiency of construction industry reached the effectiveness merely in Beijing,Shanghai and provinces of Zhejiang,Jiangsu and Guangdong,and there were significant differences in terms of the efficiency levels among the provinces.In general,from the point of the variation of efficiency value,China's overall carbon emissions efficiency in the construction industry showed a undulation situation,and the emissions efficiency decreased in some provinces such as Shanxi,Liaoning,Zhejiang,Shandong,Guangdong and Sichuan provinces,particularly in Guangdong;however,it appeared that the average values of the carbon emission efficiency of construction industry in east,west and central parts of China increased slowly,and there existed great differences regionally,with a trend of gradual decline of carbon emission efficiency from the east to west.
Taking into account of the high correlation of construction industry,this paper studied the issues regarding the status of carbon emission efficiency of the construction industry in China's 30 provinces.In this study,indirect carbon emission of construction industry is introduced into the efficiency measurement framework,and the impact of external environmental variables in each province is rejected;and a three-stage super-efficiency DEA model was used to measure the carbon emission efficiency of the construction industry of each province using the related data of the years 2004 to 2015 covering China's30 provinces,the changes of which and the differences of the efficiency values among the regions and provinces were studied.Consequently,it was showed that the values of carbon emission efficiency measured and the random errors differed a lot before and after the rejecting of external environmental variables;it seemed that the average values of carbon emission efficiency of construction industry reached the effectiveness merely in Beijing,Shanghai and provinces of Zhejiang,Jiangsu and Guangdong,and there were significant differences in terms of the efficiency levels among the provinces.In general,from the point of the variation of efficiency value,China's overall carbon emissions efficiency in the construction industry showed a undulation situation,and the emissions efficiency decreased in some provinces such as Shanxi,Liaoning,Zhejiang,Shandong,Guangdong and Sichuan provinces,particularly in Guangdong;however,it appeared that the average values of the carbon emission efficiency of construction industry in east,west and central parts of China increased slowly,and there existed great differences regionally,with a trend of gradual decline of carbon emission efficiency from the east to west.
引文
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[14]祁神军,田丝女,刘兵,等.基于DEA及FAA的中国建筑业能效评价及减排策略研究[J].建筑科学,2015,31(12):127-134.Qi Shenjun,Tian Sinyu,Liu Bing,et al.Energy efficiency evaluation and reduction strategy for carbon emission of construction industry with DEA and FAA[J].Building Science,2015,31(12):127-134.
[15]陈钢,祁神军,张云波,等.三阶段DEA的区域建筑业碳排放效率评价[J].华侨大学学报:自然科学版,2016,37(5):564-569.Chen Gang,Qi Shenjun,Zhang Yunbo,et al.Study of carbon emission efficiency of construction industry based on three-stage data envelope analysis model[J].Journal of Huaqiao University:Natural Science,2016,37(5):564-569.
[16]张智慧,刘睿劼.基于投入产出分析的建筑业碳排放核算[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2013,53(1):53-57.Zhang Zhihui,Liu Ruijie.Carbon emissions in the construction sector based on input-output analyses[J].Journal of Tsinghua University:Science and Technology,2013,53(1):53-57.
[17]Fried H O,Lovel C A K,Schmidt S S,et al.Accounting for environmental effects and statistical noise in data envelopment analysis[J].Journal of Productivity Analysis,2002,17(1/2):157-174.
[18]Andersen P,Petersen N C.A procedure for ranking efficient units in data envelopment analysis[J].Management Science,1993,39(10):1261-1264.
[19]Jondrow J,Lovell C K A,Materov I S,et al.On the estimation of technical inefficiency in the stochastic frontier production function mode[J].Journal of Econometrics,1982,19(2/3):233-238.
[20]陈诗一.能源消耗、二氧化碳排放与中国工业的可持续发展[J].经济研究,2009(4):41-55.Chen Shiyi.Energy consumption,CO2emission and sustainable development in Chinese industry[J].Economic Research Journal,2009(4):41-55.
[2]马晓国,欧阳强.基于碳排放的建筑业产业结构调整研究[J].生态经济,2016(4):75-79.Ma Xiaoguo,Ouyang Qiang.Research on the adjustment of the structure of the construction industry based on carbon emissions[J].Ecological Economy,2016(4):75-79.
[3]张金灿,仲伟周.基于随机前沿的我国省域碳排放效率和全要素生产率研究[J].软科学,2015,29(6):105-109.Zhang Jincan,Zhong Weizhou.Research of Chinese provincial carbon efficiency and total factor productivity based on SFA[J].Soft Science,2015,29(6):105-109.
[4]董峰,刘晓燕,龙如银,等.基于三阶段DEA模型的我国碳排放效率分析[J].运筹与管理,2014,23(8):196-205.Dong Feng,Liu Xiaoyan,Long Ruyin,et al.Analysis of carbon emission efficiency in China based on three-stage DEAmodel[J].Operations Research and Management Science,2014,23(8):196-205.
[5]刘亦文,胡宗义.中国碳排放效率区域差异性研究:基于三阶段DEA模型和超效率DEA模型的分析[J].山西财经大学学报,2015,37(2):23-34.Liu Yiwen,Hu Zongyi.Research on regional difference about carbon emission efficiency in China:based on three stage DEA model and super efficiency DEA model[J].Journal of Shanxi University of Finance and Economics,2015,37(2):23-34.
[6]许士春,龙如银.中国能源和碳排放的效率测度与影响因素研究[J].软科学,2015,29(3):74-78.Xu Shichun,Long Ruyin.Study on the measurement and influential factors of Chinese energy and carbon emission efficiencies[J].Soft Science,2015,29(3):74-78.
[7]孙秀梅,张慧,綦振法,等.我国东西地区的碳排放效率对比及科技减排路径研究:基于三阶段DEA和超效率SBM模型的分析[J].华东经济管理,2016,30(4):74-79.Sun Xiumei,Zhang Hui,Qi Zhenfa,et al.A study on the comparison of carbon emissions efficiency in China's eastern and western regions and the science and technology path of carbon emissions reduction:an analysis based on threestage DEA model and super efficiency SBM model[J].East China Economic Management,2016,30(4):74-79.
[8]郭炳南,林基.基于非期望产出SBM模型的长三角地区碳排放效率评价研究[J].工业技术经济,2017(1):108-115.Guo Bingnan,Lin Ji.Research on efficiency of carbon emissions in Yangtze River Delta based on the SBM-undesirable model[J].Journal of Industrial Technological Economics,2017(1):108-115.
[9]吴贤荣,张俊飚,田云,等.中国省域农业碳排放:测算、效率变动及影响因素研究:基于DEA-Malmquist指数分解方法与Tobit模型运用[J].资源科学,2014,36(1):129-138.Wu Xianrong,Zhang Junbiao,Tian Yun,et al.Provincial agricultural carbon emissions in China:calculation,performance change and influencing factors[J].Resources Science,2014,36(1):129-138.
[10]曲晨瑶,李廉水,程中华.中国制造业行业碳排放效率及其影响因素[J].科技管理研究,2017(8):60-68.Qu Chenyao,Li Lianshui,Cheng Zhonghua.Industry's carbon emission efficiency of China's manufacturing industry and its influence factors[J].Science and Technology Management Research,2017(8):60-68.
[11]王喜平,刘兴会.电力行业碳排放绩效地区差异及空间相关性分析[J].工业技术经济,2014(11):129-135.Wang Xiping,Liu Xinghui.Analysis of regional difference and spatial correlation of carbon emission performance of power industry[J].Journal of Industrial Technological Economics,2014(11):129-135.
[12]路正南,王志诚.我国工业碳排放效率的行业差异及动态演进研究[J].科技管理研究,2015(6):230-235.Lu Zhengnan,Wang Zhicheng.Research on industrial differences in the efficiency of carbon emissions and dynamic depiction in China[J].Science and Technology Management Research,2015(6):230-235.
[13]冯博,王雪青,刘炳胜.考虑碳排放的中国建筑业能源效率省际差异分析[J].资源科学,2014,36(6):1256-1266.Feng Bo,Wang Xueqing,Liu Bingsheng.Provincial variation in energy efficiency across China's construction industry with carbon emission considered[J].Resources Science,2014,36(6):1256-1266.
[14]祁神军,田丝女,刘兵,等.基于DEA及FAA的中国建筑业能效评价及减排策略研究[J].建筑科学,2015,31(12):127-134.Qi Shenjun,Tian Sinyu,Liu Bing,et al.Energy efficiency evaluation and reduction strategy for carbon emission of construction industry with DEA and FAA[J].Building Science,2015,31(12):127-134.
[15]陈钢,祁神军,张云波,等.三阶段DEA的区域建筑业碳排放效率评价[J].华侨大学学报:自然科学版,2016,37(5):564-569.Chen Gang,Qi Shenjun,Zhang Yunbo,et al.Study of carbon emission efficiency of construction industry based on three-stage data envelope analysis model[J].Journal of Huaqiao University:Natural Science,2016,37(5):564-569.
[16]张智慧,刘睿劼.基于投入产出分析的建筑业碳排放核算[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2013,53(1):53-57.Zhang Zhihui,Liu Ruijie.Carbon emissions in the construction sector based on input-output analyses[J].Journal of Tsinghua University:Science and Technology,2013,53(1):53-57.
[17]Fried H O,Lovel C A K,Schmidt S S,et al.Accounting for environmental effects and statistical noise in data envelopment analysis[J].Journal of Productivity Analysis,2002,17(1/2):157-174.
[18]Andersen P,Petersen N C.A procedure for ranking efficient units in data envelopment analysis[J].Management Science,1993,39(10):1261-1264.
[19]Jondrow J,Lovell C K A,Materov I S,et al.On the estimation of technical inefficiency in the stochastic frontier production function mode[J].Journal of Econometrics,1982,19(2/3):233-238.
[20]陈诗一.能源消耗、二氧化碳排放与中国工业的可持续发展[J].经济研究,2009(4):41-55.Chen Shiyi.Energy consumption,CO2emission and sustainable development in Chinese industry[J].Economic Research Journal,2009(4):41-55.