增施CO_2对马铃薯三膜覆盖栽培块茎产量和干物重的影响
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摘要
为明确山东二季作区马铃薯早春三膜覆盖栽培模式下增施CO_2的适宜浓度,本试验设计T1(0μL/L,CK)、T2(600μL/L)、T3(1 200μL/L)、T4(1 800μL/L)、T5(2 400μL/L)5个增施CO_2处理,测定不同处理下马铃薯块茎产量、商品薯率、干物质和淀粉含量。结果表明,CO_2增施浓度在0～1 800μL/L范围内,随着CO_2浓度的增加,马铃薯块茎产量显著提高,商品薯率、干物质和淀粉含量稍有提高。T4处理的666.7m~2块茎产量最高(4 473.2 kg,较对照增产25.4%,干物质含量最高(17.12%),比对照增加1.3%。CO_2增施浓度为2 400μL/L时,马铃薯块茎产量和干物质含量反而有所下降。
To clarify the suitable application concentration of CO_2 for three-film mulching cultivation of potato in the early spring under the double cropping mode of Shandong Province, the treatments of CO_2 application concentrations such as 0(CK,T1), 600(T2), 1 200(T3), 1 800(T4), 2 400(T5) μL/L were studied. Then the tuber yield, commercial potato rate and the contents of dry matter and starch were determined. The results showed that the tuber yield increased significantly with the increase of CO_2 application at the range of 0～1 800 μL/L, and the rate of commercial potato, the content of dry matter and starch also increased slightly. T4 treatment had the highest tuber yield and dry matter content. The tuber yield reached 4 473.2 kg per 666.7 m~2 with the increment of 25.4% compared to the control, and the dry matter content was 17.12% with the increment of 1.3%. But the tuber yield and dry matter content of T5 treatment declined with the enhance of the CO_2 concentration.
To clarify the suitable application concentration of CO_2 for three-film mulching cultivation of potato in the early spring under the double cropping mode of Shandong Province, the treatments of CO_2 application concentrations such as 0(CK,T1), 600(T2), 1 200(T3), 1 800(T4), 2 400(T5) μL/L were studied. Then the tuber yield, commercial potato rate and the contents of dry matter and starch were determined. The results showed that the tuber yield increased significantly with the increase of CO_2 application at the range of 0～1 800 μL/L, and the rate of commercial potato, the content of dry matter and starch also increased slightly. T4 treatment had the highest tuber yield and dry matter content. The tuber yield reached 4 473.2 kg per 666.7 m~2 with the increment of 25.4% compared to the control, and the dry matter content was 17.12% with the increment of 1.3%. But the tuber yield and dry matter content of T5 treatment declined with the enhance of the CO_2 concentration.
引文
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[2] 王立革,郭珺,韩雄,等.增施CO2对设施土壤栽培番茄的生长、产量和养分吸收特性的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2018(6):174-181.
[3] 张志明.二氧化碳施肥对番茄果实品质的影响[D].杭州:浙江大学,2012.
[4] 刘佰志.大棚黄瓜二氧化碳气体施肥效果试验[J].农业科技通讯,2010(4):76-77.
[5] 孙潜,崔世茂,宋阳,等.内保温日光温室光温性能及增施二氧化碳对黄瓜生长发育的影响[J].北方园艺,2016(9):50-55.
[6] 刘洋,孙胜,邢国明,等.不同浓度CO2施肥对温室黄瓜生长与产量的影响[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),2018,38(2):53-58.
[7] 杨志刚.长期CO2加富对温室辣椒结果期生长的影响及生理基础研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2016.
[8] 张树生,梅淑芳,赵华,等.有机废弃物发酵加富大棚CO2对叶菜类蔬菜生长的影响[J].广东微量元素科学,2011,18(8):27-32.
[9] 白鸣祺,王芳.增施CO2对马铃薯生长发育及产量的影响[J].黑龙江气象,2000(2):23-24,26.
[10] Sicher R C,Bunce J A.Photosynthetic enhancement and conductance to water vapor of field-grown Solanum tuberosum (L.) in response to CO2 enrichment [J].Photosynthesis Research,1999,62:155-163.
[11] 李晓静,樊明寿.增施CO2对设施马铃薯生长及氮素积累的影响[J].华北农学报,2011,26(4):174-177.
[12] 孙周平,李天来,姚莉,等.雾培法根际CO2对马铃薯生长和光合作用的影响[J].园艺学报,2004,31(1):59-63.
[13] 吴江莉.高浓度CO2对C3作物生长发育的影响研究[D].西安:西北大学,2013.
[14] 赵竞宇,刘广晶,崔世茂,等.增施CO2对马铃薯植株光合特性及产量的影响[J].作物杂志,2016(3):79-83.
[15] Kimball B A.Crop responses to elevated CO2 and interactions with H2O,N,and temperature[J].Current Opinion in Plant Biology,2016,31:36-43.
[16] 姚玉璧,雷俊,牛海洋,等.CO2浓度升高与增温对半干旱区马铃薯光合特性的协同影响[J].生态环境学报,2018,27(5):793-801.