不同空间尺度下景观格局对人为干扰度的响应——以浙江金义新区为例
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摘要
基于Landsat TM遥感数据,提取研究区域的土地利用数据,并利用ArcGIS 10.3中渔网工具分别创建不同尺度的评价单元。分别计算每种尺度下的景观格局指数,构建人为干扰强度指标,通过Pearson相关分析来探讨不同空间尺度下景观格局指数对人为干扰度的响应,研究金义都市新区的景观指数在不同空间尺度下对人为干扰度做出的响应。结果表明:①人为干扰强度空间分布表现为四周低,中间高。②斑块密度(PD)、香农多样性指数(SHDI)、香农均匀度指数(SHEI)与人为干扰度呈正相关关系;蔓延度指数(CONTAG)、景观聚集度指数(AI)与人为干扰度呈显著负相关。③在探讨评价单元的空间尺度时发现,景观指数与人为干扰度的相关显著性表现不同,具体表现在:AI在空间尺度为2 000 m时,显著相关。而PD、CONTAG、SHDI及SHEI在空间尺度为4 000 m时,与人为干扰度的显著相关,说明人为干扰度与景观格局指数之间的响应存在空间尺度差异性。④在处于发展初期的区县尺度下进行景观格局指数与人为干扰度相关性分析时,发现选取评价单元为4 000 m时,得到的相关性和显著性结果较好。
Based on Landsat TM remote sensing data,land use data of the study area were extracted,and fishing net tools in ArcGIS 10.3 were used to create evaluation units of different scales,the landscape pattern index of each scale was calculated separately,and the hemeroby index was constructed.The Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the response of the landscape pattern index to hemeroby at different spatial scales.To study the response of the landscape index of Jinyi New District to hemeroby at different spatial scales.The results show:①The spatial distribution of hemeroby is low in the periphery and high in the middle;②Plaque density(PD),Shannon diversity index(SHDI),Shannon uniformity index(SHEI) were positively correlated with hemeroby;contagion index(CONTAG),landscape aggregation index(AI) and human interference degree is significantly negatively correlated.③When discussing the spatial scale of the evaluation unit,it is found that the correlation between the landscape index and the hemeroby is different.The specific performance is as follows: AI is significantly correlated when the spatial scale is 2000 m.PD,CONTAG,SHDI and SHEI are significantly correlated with hemeroby when the spatial scale is 4 000 m,indicating that there is spatial scale difference in the response between hemeroby and landscape pattern index.④When the correlation between landscape pattern index and hemeroby is analyzed at the district and county scales at the initial stage of development,it is found that when the evaluation unit is 4000 m,the correlation and significance results are better.
Based on Landsat TM remote sensing data,land use data of the study area were extracted,and fishing net tools in ArcGIS 10.3 were used to create evaluation units of different scales,the landscape pattern index of each scale was calculated separately,and the hemeroby index was constructed.The Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the response of the landscape pattern index to hemeroby at different spatial scales.To study the response of the landscape index of Jinyi New District to hemeroby at different spatial scales.The results show:①The spatial distribution of hemeroby is low in the periphery and high in the middle;②Plaque density(PD),Shannon diversity index(SHDI),Shannon uniformity index(SHEI) were positively correlated with hemeroby;contagion index(CONTAG),landscape aggregation index(AI) and human interference degree is significantly negatively correlated.③When discussing the spatial scale of the evaluation unit,it is found that the correlation between the landscape index and the hemeroby is different.The specific performance is as follows: AI is significantly correlated when the spatial scale is 2000 m.PD,CONTAG,SHDI and SHEI are significantly correlated with hemeroby when the spatial scale is 4 000 m,indicating that there is spatial scale difference in the response between hemeroby and landscape pattern index.④When the correlation between landscape pattern index and hemeroby is analyzed at the district and county scales at the initial stage of development,it is found that when the evaluation unit is 4000 m,the correlation and significance results are better.
引文
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[21] 肖翠,解雪峰,吴涛,等.浙江西门岛湿地景观格局与人为干扰度动态变化[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(11):3255-3262.
[22] 于立忠,朱教君,闫巧玲,等.森林干扰度评价方法及应用:以中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所清原森林生态实验站为例[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(2):388-392.
[23] 孙永光,赵冬至,吴涛,等.河口湿地人为干扰度时空动态及景观响应:以大洋河口为例[J].生态学报,2012,32(12):3645-3655.
[24] 邬建国.景观生态学[M].2版.北京:科学出版社,2010.
[25] 傅伯杰,陈利顶,马克明,等.景观生态学原理及应用[M].2版.北京:科学出版社,2011.
[2] 邬建国.景观生态学:格局、过程、尺度与等级[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001:157.
[3] 傅伯杰,陈利顶,马克明,等.景观生态学原理及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
[4] 陈文波,肖笃宁,李秀珍.景观空分析的特征和主要内容[J].生态学报,2002,22(7):1135-1142.
[5] 陈利顶,刘洋,吕一河,等.景观生态学中的格局分析:现状、困境与未来[J].生态学报,2008,28(11):5521-5531.
[6] JALAS J.Hemerobic and hemerochoric plant species:An attempt at terminological reform[J].Acta Soc Pro Fauna Flora Fenn,1955,72:1-15.
[7] 陈爱莲,朱博勤,陈利顶,等.双台河口湿地景观及生态干扰度的动态变化[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(5):1120-1128.
[8] 梁发超,刘黎明.景观格局的人类干扰强度定量分析与生态功能区优化初探:以福建省闽清县为例[J].资源科学,2011,33(6):1138-1144.
[9] 刘吉平,董春月,盛连喜,等.1955～2010年小三江平原沼泽湿地景观格局变化及其对人为干扰的响应[J].地理科学,2016,36(6):879-887.
[10] 刘富强,吴涛,蒋国俊,等.海岸线与海岸景观格局对人为干扰度的动态响应:以营口市南部海岸为例[J].生态学报,2017,37(22):7427-7437.
[11] 高艳,毕如田,曹毅.空间粒度变化及土地利用分类对景观指数的影响:以山西省闻喜县为例[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(5):1076-1080.
[12] 黄奕龙,陈利顶,傅伯杰,等.黄土丘陵小流域地形和土地利用对土壤水分时空格局的影响[J].第四纪研究,2003,23(3):334-342.
[13] 邓祥征,战金艳.中国北方农牧交错带土地利用变化驱动力的尺度效应分析[J].地理与地理信息科学,2004,20(3):64-68.
[14] 齐治军.黄土丘陵区小流域水土流失的尺度效应[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2010.
[15] 徐丽,卞晓庆,秦小林,等.空间粒度变化对合肥市景观格局指数的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(5):1167-1173.
[16] 杨丽,甄霖,谢高地,等.泾河流域景观指数的粒度效应分析[J].资源科学,2007,29(2):183-187.
[17] 李小马,刘常富.景观格局指数的粒度效应:以沈阳城市森林为例[J].西北林学院学报,2009,24(2):166-170.
[18] 赵文武,傅伯杰,陈利顶.景观指数的粒度变化效应[J].第四纪研究,2003,23(3):326-333.
[19] 申卫军,邬建国,林永标,等.空间粒度变化对景观格局分析的影响[J].生态学报,2003,23(12):2506-2519.
[20] 李明杰,钱乐祥,夏丽华,等.汕头市土地利用景观指数粒度效应初探[J].地理与地理信息科学,2008,24(6):93-96.
[21] 肖翠,解雪峰,吴涛,等.浙江西门岛湿地景观格局与人为干扰度动态变化[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(11):3255-3262.
[22] 于立忠,朱教君,闫巧玲,等.森林干扰度评价方法及应用:以中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所清原森林生态实验站为例[J].中国生态农业学报,2010,18(2):388-392.
[23] 孙永光,赵冬至,吴涛,等.河口湿地人为干扰度时空动态及景观响应:以大洋河口为例[J].生态学报,2012,32(12):3645-3655.
[24] 邬建国.景观生态学[M].2版.北京:科学出版社,2010.
[25] 傅伯杰,陈利顶,马克明,等.景观生态学原理及应用[M].2版.北京:科学出版社,2011.